Background. Abnormal muscle co-activation contributes to impairment after stroke. We developed a myoelectric computer interface (MyoCI) training paradigm reduce abnormal co-activation. MyoCI provides intuitive feedback about activation patterns, enabling decoupling of these muscles. Objective. To investigate tolerability and effects 3 pairs on arm motor recovery stroke, including dose isometric versus movement-based training. Methods. randomized chronic stroke survivors with...

Purpose We propose a novel method to monitor bladder wall mechanical properties as function of filling volume, with the potential application compliance assessment. The proposed ultrasound vibrometry (UBV) uses excite and track Lamb waves on from which its are derived by fitting measurements an analytical model. Of particular interest is shear modulus at different volumes, we hypothesize, similar measuring characteristics bladder. Materials Methods Three experimental models were used: 1) ex...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents harmful toxins from entering brain but can also inhibit therapeutic molecules designed to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles enhance permeability of BBB and is often performed under MRI guidance. We present an all-ultrasound system capable targeting desired regions open millimeter-scale accuracy in two dimensions based on Doppler images. registered imaging coordinates FUS target registration error 0.6 ±...

Abstract Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique which deploys waves to induce bio-effects. When paired with acoustically active particles such as microbubbles (MBs), it can open the blood brain barrier (BBB) facilitate drug delivery otherwise inhibited due presence of BBB. One parameters that affects FUS beam propagation incidence angle on skull. Prior work by our group has shown that, angles deviate from 90°, focal pressures attenuate result in smaller BBB...

Abstract A non-invasive method for measurement of the bladder wall nonlinear elastic behavior is presented. The based on acoustoelasticity modeling elasticity changes in tissue modulus at different volumetric strain levels. At each volume, obtained from real-time ultrasound images. Using acoustic radiation force, a transient Lamb wave excited and instantaneous shear 2-D Fourier analysis spatial-temporal dispersion maps. Measured data are then used an formulation to obtain third order...

In this paper we proposed hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF) with a periodic arrangement of air holes using the COMSOL Multiphysics software. Here have presented dispersion properties and effective refractive index H-PCF. H-PCF achieve ultra-flat from 1.45 µm to 1.80 wavelengths (350 nm bandwidth) high nonlinearity.

Thermal ablation by ultrasound is being explored as a local therapy for cancers of soft tissue, such the liver or breast. One challenge these treatments are off-target effects, including heating outside intended region skin burns. Improvements in efficiency can mitigate undesired outcomes, and here, we describe methods using phase-shift nanodroplets (PSNDs) with multi-focus sonications to enhance volumetric at constant powers while increasing pre-focal temperature less than 6 [Formula: see...

In this paper, a temperature sensor which is based on dual-core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF) with rectangular air-hole lattice structure proposed. The two cores of the PCF are separated by single air hole and background material taken as silica whose refractive index 1.45. sensitivity can be achieved 0.905 nm/°C for sensing range from 0 to 1000°C.

A novel MOEMS accelerometer based on grating coupler integrated with embossed diaphragm has been presented in this paper. The device uses intensity measurements at a wavelength of 900 nm and range 7g. With silicon photo-detector sensitivity -60dBm, gives 25μg external acceleration.

Abstract Background While immunotherapy shows great promise in patients with triple negative breast cancer, many will not respond to treatment. Radiotherapy has the potential prime tumor-immune microenvironment for immunotherapy. However, predicting response is difficult due tumor heterogeneity across patients, which necessitates personalized medicine strategies that incorporate tracking into therapeutic approach. Here, we investigated use of ultrasound (US) imaging vasculature monitor...

Purpose The aim of the study is to assess efficacy computed tomography (CT) and positron emission (PET)/CT findings in differentiating between cardiac sarcoma hematologic neoplasms, which are rare but potentially lethal primary malignancies. Materials Methods We searched electronic medical record for pathology-proven cases from 2012 2023, finding 69 patients (46 sarcomas, 23 neoplasms). Imaging features including tumor size, atrioventricular (AV) groove involvement, right coronary artery...

While immunotherapy shows great promise in patients with triple negative breast cancer, many will not respond to treatment. Radiotherapy has the potential prime tumor-immune microenvironment for immunotherapy. However, predicting response is difficult due tumor heterogeneity across patients, which necessitates personalized medicine strategies that incorporate tracking into therapeutic approach. Here, we investigated use of ultrasound (US) imaging vasculature monitor

Breast cancer is the leading cause of deaths among women worldwide. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and breast sonography have played a pivotal role in characterization lump. The main objective this study was to analyze correlation between International Academy Cytology (IAC) Yokohama for Reporting Needle Aspiration Biopsies (FNAB) imaging reporting data system (BIRADS) along with histopathological correlation. A total 135 FNAC specimens were categorized according IAC BIRADS their...

Bladder is a complex organ and its proper function closely tied to the mechanobiology of multi-layer wall. Characterization bladder wall mechanical properties crucial in diagnosis diseases that can lead lower tract infection incontinence. Ultrasound vibrometry has emerged as noninvasive method for characterization tissue elasticity using Lamb wave model (Nenadic et al. PLOS 2016). Previous studies have shown an increasing trend with added fluid which indication nonlinear behavior. In this...

Accurate targeting is paramount for focused ultrasound (FUS) procedures. Here we describe a method FUS dubbed acoustic signature, which uses feedback from target’s unique reflection patterns to guide the transducer previously defined orientation. We demonstrate convergence desired target in 3 degree of freedom (DOF) water tank scenario and 5 DOF robotic arm scenario. also tested signature technique with phantom skull on motor stage manual stereotactic frame designed transcranial procedures...

To compare the clinical and radiographically mixture of zinc oxide with Aloe vera, Curcumin neem as an obturating material for pulpectomy.The study comprised age group 4-8 years children requiring endodontic treatment at least a single primary molar tooth. Sixty teeth from 43 were divided equally randomly into four groups. The materials used obturation powder (ZnO) Eugenol (ZOE) (group I), ZnO vera Gel II), Powder III), extract IV). They evaluated clinically immediate postoperative then 1-,...

Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique which deploys waves to induce bio-effects. When paired with acoustically active particles such as microbubbles (MBs), it can open the blood brain barrier (BBB) facilitate drug delivery inhibited due presence of BBB. One parameters that affects FUS beam propagation incidence angle on skull. Prior work by our group has shown that, angles deviate from 90°, focal pressures attenuate result smaller BBB opening volume. The...

There are many thousands of blind people in the world who frequently require support. Since white cane has long been known as an essential component people's navigation, efforts have made to enhance it by adding new sensors. Blind relatively comfortable inside their homes because they can pinpoint where things are, but outside world, objects motion, face difficulties locating without assistance. The research put forth strives develop a sound navigation and range system for people. A...

Abnormal co-activation patterns of arm muscles is a substantial cause impaired function after stroke. We designed myoelectric computer interface (MCI) training paradigm to help stroke survivors reduce this abnormal coactivation. Here, we evaluated the effects MCI on and kinematics in 32 chronic survivors. compared duration isometric vs. movement-based conditions 3 different groups. All groups reduced targeted muscles, showed impairment 6 weeks training. They also improvements as well...

Local ablative treatment is a common intervention for cancers of soft tissues such as breast or liver, but they are invasive, requiring incision. High intensity focused ultrasound being explored an extracorporeal non-invasive option. This technology can be used to create small focal spot high pressures capable thermally ablating targets grain rice. However, this therapy carries risk off-target effects skin burns. Here, we describe method that combines phase-shift nanodroplets (PSNDs) with...

Focused ultrasound (FUS) can concentrate energy noninvasively through the skull to elicit neuromodulation. Although natural response of neurons has been explored, acoustically active drug loaded nanoparticles have benefit yielding a pharmacological that may be more predictable than effects FUS alone. Researchers developed delivery vehicles release small molecule neuromodulatory drugs without opening blood brain barrier. It is desirable increase release, and typically increases with increased...

Accurate targeting is paramount for transcranial ultrasound procedures. Here we describe a new method dubbed acoustic signature which uses feedback from target's unique reflection patterns to guide the transducer previously defined orientation. We characterize uniqueness and convergence of signatures on macaque head phantom. demonstrate submillimeter accuracy using with two mechanical systems. This provides an accurate repeatable therapeutic array placement.