The non-protein amino acid γ-aminobutyric (GABA) has been proposed to be an ancient messenger for cellular communication conserved across biological kingdoms. GABA well-defined signalling roles in animals; however, whilst accumulates plants under stress it not determined if, how, where and when acts as endogenous plant molecule. Here, we establish a bona fide signal, acting via mechanism found animals. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, show guard cell production is necessary sufficient reduce...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 19 ~ 21 nucleotide noncoding RNAs produced by Dicer-catalyzed excision from stem-loop precursors. Many plant miRNAs have critical functions in development, nutrient homeostasis, abiotic stress responses, and pathogen responses via interaction with specific target mRNAs. Camellia sinensis is one of the most important commercial beverage crops world. However, associated cold tolerance C. remains unexplored. The use high-throughput sequencing can provide a...

Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is an important economic crop, and drought the most abiotic stress affecting yield quality. Abscisic acid (ABA) phytohormone responsible for activating resistance. Increased understanding of ABA effects on tea plant under essential to develop drought-tolerant genotypes, along with crop management practices that can mitigate stress. The objective present investigation evaluation exogenous leaf proteome in exposed Leaf protein patterns plants simulated...

Purple-leaf tea plants, as anthocyanin-rich cultivars, are valuable materials for manufacturing teas with unique colors or flavors. In this study, a new purple-leaf cultivar "Zixin" ("ZX") was examined, and its biochemical variation mechanism of leaf color change were elucidated. The metabolomes leaves "ZX" at completely purple, intermediately green stages analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Metabolites in the...

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important bioactive component of tea (Camellia sinensis) providing various health benefits. We studied GABA accumulation via the shunt and polyamine degradation pathways under anoxia in leaves. Anoxia caused a ∼20-fold increment concentration, relative to fresh This was due increase glutamate decarboxylase diamine oxidase activities. Genes involved formation, such as CsGAD1 CsGAD2, were significantly up-regulated by anoxia. The concentrations putrescine...

Internal γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) interacting with stress response substances may be involved in the regulation of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) associated optimum temperature and cold tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze). Tea supplied or without 5.0 mM GABA were subjected to temperatures this study. The increased level induced by exogenous altered levels – such as glutamate, polyamines anthocyanins association improved tolerance. Isobaric tags for relative absolute...

Abstract Intercropping, a green and sustainable planting pattern, has demonstrated positive effects on plant growth the soil environment. However, there is currently little research influence of intercropping leguminous plants using them as manure environment tea quality. During profuse flowering period Chinese milkvetch, contents amino acids soluble sugar in with soybean increased by 6.89 54.58%. Moreover, was 27.42% increase ammonium nitrogen 21.63% available nitrogen. When milkvetch...

Abstract To determine the mechanisms in tea plants responding to temperature stresses (heat and cold), we examined global transcriptomic metabolomic profiles of plant cultivar ‘Suchazao’ under moderately low stress (ML), severely (SL), high (MH) (SH) using RNA-seq performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), respectively. The identified differentially expressed genes indicated that synthesis stress-resistance protein might be redirected cope with...

Abstract Tea plant often suffers from low temperature induced damage during its growth. How to improve the cold resistance of tea is an urgent problem be solved. Nitric oxide (NO), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline have been proved that can plants, signal transfer biosynthesis link between them may enhance their function. NO important gas material in growth, but our understanding effects on GABA shunt, are limited. In this study, roots were treated with a donor (SNAP), scavenger (PTIO),...

Ancient tea plants black (ATBT) has outstanding sweet-mellow taste, but what contributes to its quality remains unclear. We tested 36 freeze and 9 finished sampled from five processing stages for ATBT by electronic tongue (ET), high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ET chromatographic data revealed variation of sensory characteristics chemical compounds among the steps ATBT. Through correlation analysis principal component analysis, it was...

Our previous study showed that COPPER-CONTAINING AMINE OXIDASE (CuAO) and AMINOALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE (AMADH) could regulate the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in tea through polyamine degradation pathway. However, their biological function drought tolerance has not been determined. In this study, Camellia sinensis (Cs) CsCuAO1 associated with CsAMADH1 conferred tolerance, which modulated GABA levels plants. The results exogenous spraying effectively alleviated drought-induced...

The homeostasis of the proline-Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (Pro-P5C) cycle, mediated by proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), plays a critical role in plants response to abiotic stresses. biological function gene CsProDH1 under drought stress and its effects on amino acid metabolism photosynthesis through were investigated. Enzymatic characterization protein was conducted vitro. Overexpression aggravated plant stress, as evident reduced photosynthetic efficiency increased reactive oxygen species,...

Plants have as many 20 heat shock factors (Hsfs) grouped into three classes, A, B and C, based on sequence similarity modular structures. Through screening for cell death-inducing factor(s) in Nicotiana benthamiana, we identified Arabidopsis HsfB2b thus subjected all other members of Hsf class (HsfB1, HsfB2a, HsfB2b, HsfB3 HsfB4) to the same death assay. When expressed N. benthamiana leaves, only HsfB1 elicited mild death. Simultaneously found that has a post-transcriptional control...

Tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] are an important leaf-type crop that widely used for the production of non-alcoholic beverages in world. Exposure to excessive amounts heavy metals adversely affects quality and yield tea leaves. To analyze molecular responses metals, a reliable quantification gene expression is major importance herein normalization measured levels target genes. Ideally, stably expressed reference genes should be evaluated all experimental systems. In this study,...

Abstract Background Intercropping, especially with legumes, as a productive and sustainable system, can promote plants growth improves the soil quality than sole crop, is an essential cultivation pattern in modern agricultural systems. However, metabolic changes of secondary metabolites tea during processing intercropping soybean have not been fully analyzed. Results The metabolomic were significant influence different stages. Especially profuse flowering stage soybean, biosynthesis amino...

Microorganisms play essential roles in soil-ecosystem multifunctionality. However, the contribution of their community assembly processes, composition, diversity, and keystone species to ecosystem multifunctionality is unclear, especially tea-plantation ecosystems. In order assess effects various intercropping patterns (tea-plant monoculture tea plants, respectively, intercropped with soybean, soybean—milk vetch, soybean—red clover, soybean—smooth vetch) on soil rare abundant taxa, a field...