Whether exposure to air pollution adversely affects the growth of lung function during period rapid development that occurs between ages 10 and 18 years is unknown.In this prospective study, we recruited 1759 children (average age, years) from schools in 12 southern California communities measured annually for eight years. The rate attrition was approximately percent per year. represented a wide range ambient exposures ozone, acid vapor, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter. Linear...

Preface Acknowledgments Editors' Introduction 1. We make the road by walking 2. Formative Years I was always getting in trouble for reading school Reading has to be a loving event couldn't use all this book learning am beginning, as you Pockets of hope: Literacy and citizenship 3. Ideas Without practice there's no knowledge Is it possible just teach biology? I've been ambivalent about charismatic leaders The difference between education organizing My expertise is knowing not an expert...

The effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on asthma wheezing were investigated in 5,762 school-aged children residing 12 Southern California communities. Responses to a self- administered questionnaire completed by parents 4th, 7th, 10th grade students used ascertain with or physician-diagnosed asthma. Lifetime household exposures assessed using responses about past current histories members any history pregnancy. Logistic...

Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse cardiorespiratory effects, including increased asthma prevalence. However, there little study of effects traffic exposure at school on new-onset asthma.We evaluated the relationship traffic-related near homes and schools.Parent-reported physician diagnosis (n = 120) was identified during 3 years follow-up a cohort 2,497 kindergarten first-grade children who were asthma- wheezing-free entry into Southern California Children's...

To study the possible chronic respiratory effects of air pollutants, we designed and initiated a 10-yr prospective Southern California public schoolchildren living in 12 communities with different levels profiles pollution. The design study, exposure assessment methods, survey methods results related to symptoms conditions are described accompanying paper. Pulmonary function tests were completed on 3,293 subjects. We evaluated cross-sectionally pollution exposures based data collected...

Journal Article Exposure to Residential Electric and Magnetic Fields Risk of Childhood Leukemia Get access Stephanie J. London, London 1From the Department Preventive Medicine, University Southern California School MedicineLos Angeles, CA Reprint requests Dr Medical PMB B306, 1420 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles 90033 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Duncan C. Thomas, Thomas Joseph D. Bowman, Bowman Eugene Sobel, Sobel Tsen-Chung Cheng, Cheng...

A cohort of 1,678 Southern California children, enrolled as fourth graders in 1996, was followed for 4 years to determine whether the growth lung function children associated with their exposure ambient air pollutants. These subjects comprised second grade participating Children's Health Study. Significant deficits rate were acid vapor, NO2, particles aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and elemental carbon. For example, average annual rates maximal midexpiratory flow forced...

The question of whether air pollution contributes to asthma onset remains unresolved.In this study, we assessed the association between in children and traffic-related pollution.We selected a sample 217 from participants Southern California Children's Health Study, prospective cohort designed investigate associations respiratory health 10-18 years age. Individual covariates new incidence (30 cases) were reported annually through questionnaires during 8 follow-up. Children had nitrogen...

Cross-sectional studies suggest an association between exposure to ambient air pollution and atherosclerosis. We investigated the outdoor quality progression of subclinical atherosclerosis (common carotid artery intima-media thickness, CIMT).We examined data from five double-blind randomized trials that assessed effects various treatments on change in CIMT. The were conducted Los Angeles area. Spatial models land-use used estimate home mean concentration particulate matter up 2.5 micrometer...

To study possible chronic respiratory effects of air pollutants, we initiated a 10-yr prospective cohort Southern California children, with design focused on four pollutants: ozone, particulate matter, acids, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Twelve demographically similar communities were selected the basis historic monitoring information to represent extremes exposure one or more pollutants. In each community, about 150 public school students in grade 4, 75 7, 10 enrolled through their...

We studied 110 children (59 boys and 51 girls, who were 10 yr of age at enrollment 15 follow-up) had moved from communities participating in a 10-yr prospective study respiratory health (The Children's Health Study [CHS]) to determine whether changes air quality caused by relocation associated with annual lung function growth rates. The subjects given questionnaires underwent spirometry their homes across six western states, according protocol identical evaluations performed annually on the...

The rise in childhood asthma prevalence suggests a role for environmental factors the etiology of this evolving epidemic; however, genetics also influence occurrence asthma. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 may play and wheezing among those exposed to tobacco smoke, as it functions pathways involved pathogenesis such xenobiotic metabolism antioxidant defenses. Effects GSTM1 genotype, maternal smoking during pregnancy, smoke (ETS) exposure on were investigated 2,950 children enrolled 4th,...

The association of air pollution with the prevalence chronic lower respiratory tract symptoms among children a history asthma or related was examined in cross-sectional study. Parents total 3,676 fourth, seventh, and tenth graders from classrooms 12 communities Southern California completed questionnaires that characterized children's histories illness associated risk factors. prevalences bronchitis, phlegm, cough were investigated asthma, wheeze without diagnosed neither nor asthma. Average...

Garabrant, D. H. (U. of Southern California School Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033), J. M. Peters, T. Mack and L. Bernstein. Job activity colon cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:1005–14. The authors studied 2,950 population-based cases in males Angeles County, California, that were diagnosed between 1972 1981. To determine if risk is reduced by physical on the job aged 20–64 years, first rated each occupation judging level as high, moderate, or sedentary. Men with sedentary jobs had a at...

In late October 2003, Southern California wildfires burned more than 3,000 km2. The produced heavy smoke that affected several communities participating in the University of Children's Health Study (CHS).

A case-control study of children ages 10 years and under in Los Angeles County was conducted to investigate the causes leukemia. The mothers fathers acute leukemia cases their individually matched controls were interviewed regarding specific occupational home exposures as well other potential risk factors associated with Analysis information from 123 pairs showed an increased for whose had exposure after birth child chlorinated solvents [odds ratio (OR) = 3.5, P .01], spray paint (OR 2.0,...

Rationale: Although involuntary exposure to maternal smoking during the in utero period and secondhand smoke are associated with occurrence of childhood asthma, few studies have investigated role active cigarette on asthma onset adolescence.Objectives: To determine whether regular is new adolescence.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among 2,609 children no lifetime history or wheezing who were recruited from fourth- seventh-grade classrooms followed annually schools 12...

A cohort mortality study among 5886 chemical manufacturing workers was completed in 1987 and showed increased due to pancreatic cancer.We conducted a nested case-control of cancer these identify risk factors for this disease.Twenty-eight verified cases 112 matched controls were studied. Next kin each subject interviewed determine lifestyle factors, including tobacco, alcohol, coffee consumption. Written work records interviews with co-workers used exposures at the plant under study.DDT...

Both in utero exposures to maternal smoking and asthma are associated with chronic deficits lung function. We hypothesized that exposure affects function children without synergistically early onset asthma. To investigate effects of age at diagnosis on function, we examined longitudinal medical history, tobacco smoke exposure, data from 5,933 participants the Children's Health Study. found exposed utero, but asthma, showed decreased FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75, FEF25-75/FVC ratio. Among was larger...

Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of unknown etiology, thought to be rare sequela chronic antigenic stimulation that may occur, for example, with exposure contact allergens. To explore this possibility, we interviewed 174 patients mycosis and 294 randomly selected control subjects in the San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle areas concerning their lifetime histories employment, chemical exposures, allergy, atopy, certain medical conditions. Patients reported higher prevalence...

ABSTRACT This article discusses public sector reform in North America and Western Europe. The argument is made that recent comparative literatures have yet to adequately consider governments themselves, how changes their budgeting, operation, collective bargaining structures affected jobs income inequality. Drawing on a range of OECD trade union statistics, as well qualitative studies, it claimed converged substantially over period 1990–2005, introducing fiscal austerity measure making...

Protein language models trained on evolutionary data have emerged as powerful tools for predictive problems involving protein sequence, structure, and function. However, these overlook decades of research into biophysical factors governing We propose Mutational Effect Transfer Learning (METL), a model framework that unites advanced machine learning modeling. Using the METL framework, we pretrain transformer-based neural networks simulation to capture fundamental relationships between...