China's rural-to-urban migration has affected 12.6 million school-age rural children who have migrated with their parents and another 22 been left behind by migrant parents. Not enough is known, either theoretically or empirically, about the causal impact of on well-being this large number Chinese migration. Propensity score matching methods are applied to estimate effects in 10–15 years old from a 2010 national survey (N = 2,417). Children's significant positive objective but no negative...

Objective: Studies have reported that rural elders in China higher levels of depression than their urban peers. We aimed to examine the extent which four sets factors (socioeconomic status [SES], health care access, status, and social support participation) account for such rural–urban differences. Method: Cross-sectional data from 2011 Health Retirement Longitudinal Study were analyzed. A representative sample ( N = 5,103) older Chinese (age 60+) was included. Depressive symptoms measured...

Objectives This study aimed to examine whether physical infrastructure and availability of three types community resources (old‐age income support, healthcare facilities, elder activity centers) in rural villages are associated with depressive symptoms among older adults China. Method Data were from the 2011 baseline survey Chinese Health Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The sample included 3824 aged 60 years or residing 301 across A score 12 on 10‐item Center for Epidemiologic...

Existing studies of the 1944–45 Dutch famine found little evidence association between early life malnutrition and midlife cognition. Among 2446 rural participants born 1958 1963 in China Health Retirement Longitudinal Study, we examined effects exposure to China's 1959–61 Great Leap Forward during prenatal postnatal life, on four cognitive measures 2011 (baseline) changes cognition 2013 (first follow-up). We obtained difference-in-differences (DID) estimates by exploiting temporal variation...

Entrepreneurs have long been assumed to be more risk-tolerant than the general population. In this article, we analyze financial risk propensity of business founders using a unique, representative dataset nascent entrepreneurs in United States. We deploy two models entrepreneurial behavior: strategic model tolerance, based on investment choices; and non-strategic information bias about success. For both models, our empirical results consistently show that are risk-averse non-entrepreneurs....

Objective: This study examined the association between childhood conditions and cognitive function among middle-aged older adults in China. Method: We analyzed data from 2011 China Health Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N = 11,868). Cognitive was measured by word recall, a test of episodic memory. (45-59 years) (60 years older) separately, using multilevel linear regressions. Results: Indicators socioeconomic status (SES) nutrition were significantly associated with memory performance...

:In this paper, we describe the measurement of cognitive ability in China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), especially for verbal and mathematical skills, memory, quantitative reasoning. The available CFPS measurements can be useful studies on importance many substantive domains interest. Using data, show that measures are clearly related to key demographic social characteristics, such as age, gender, education, hukou status. We also illustrate how influences school performance deviant behaviors...

Background Mixed findings have been reported on the association between Western fast-food restaurants and body weight status. Results vary across study contexts are sensitive to samples, measures methods used. Most studies failed examine temporally dynamic associations community exposure changes. Methods Bayesian hierarchical regressions used model changes in mass index, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) waist-to-hip (WHpR) as a function of 216 communities for more than 9000 Chinese adults...

There is growing evidence from Western countries that widowhood may affect cognitive health in later life. However, little known about whether associated with Eastern Asian such as China and what factors explain the association between health. We add to this line of research by investigating effect on 2-year change function among Chinese adults ages 55 older 2011 2013, using data Health Retirement Longitudinal Study. Cognitive was measured episodic memory mental intactness (i.e., attention...

Abstract This study presents three novel approaches to the question of how best identify ethnic neighborhoods (or more generally, defined by any aspect their population composition) and define boundaries. The authors use data on residential locations all residents Newark, NJ, in 1880 avoid having accept arbitrary administrative units like census tracts as building blocks neighborhoods. For theoretical reasons street segment is chosen basic unit analysis. All methods information composition...

Migration during the formative adolescent years can affect important life‐course transitions, including initiation of sexual activity. In this study, we use life history calendar data to investigate relationship between changes in residence and timing premarital debut among young people urban Kenya. By age 18, 64 percent respondents had initiated sex, 45 moved at least once ages 12 18. Results event analysis show that girls boys who move early adolescence experience earliest onset For girls,...

The standard multilevel regressions that are widely used in neighborhood research typically ignore potential between-neighborhood correlations due to underlying spatial processes, and hence they produce inappropriate inferences about effects. In contrast, models make estimations predictions across areas by explicitly modeling the among observations different locations. A better understanding of strengths limitations as compared with model is needed improve on This systematically compares for...

The authors tested theories of housework among tea plantation workers in India, where women comprise the main part workforce and are breadwinners their families. Analysis 49 semistructured interviews survey data from 3,181 female revealed that although were mainly responsible for domestic labor, more than half husbands usually or sometimes helped wives with cooking, fuel wood collection, child care. analyses a curvilinear relationship between husbands' earnings share participation each task,...

The authors investigate how reporting heterogeneity may bias socioeconomic and demographic disparities in self-rated general health, a widely used health indicator, such can be adjusted by using new anchoring vignettes designed the 2012 wave of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). find systematic variation sociodemographic characteristics thresholds respondents rating their status. Such threshold shifts are often nonparallel that effect certain group characteristic on shift is stronger at one...

Modernization theory posited gender ideology as a unidimensional continuum from “traditional” to egalitarian, with societies becoming more egalitarian they progress. Recent research replaces this view multidimensionality, but other remnants of modernization remain. We tackle such by examining ideologies and their socioeconomic correlates in Tamil Nadu, an Indian state often labeled “traditional.” Using latent class analysis 10 attitudes the South Community Health Study, we identify six...

Objective With the rising global obesity rates, increasing research has been directed toward understanding how affects cognitive ability in young adults. This study aims to explore impact of body mass index (BMI) on general and sleep quality impulsive trait mediate this relationship. Methods A total 1,205 adults from Human Connectome Project(HCP) project were included, questionnaires assessment tools conducted. Results BMI was negatively correlated with ability, acting as chain mediators...

ABSTRACT Cannabis is one of the most commonly used illicit drugs worldwide, with its prolonged use potentially leading to various cognitive impairments and brain structural changes. However, current research on dynamic changes in cortical thickness (CT) related cannabis remains limited, especially regarding relationship between severity CT heavy (HCU). This study employed a longitudinal design investigate young adults HCU from baseline (BL) 3‐year follow‐up (FU). The results showed...

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect breastfeeding on childhood obesity in China. We used data collected from China Family Panel Studies, an ongoing, prospective, and nationwide longitudinal explore extensive dynamic social changes A total 7967 children were included analysis. Duration was first treated as a continuous variable subsequently dichotomized into ever versus never, ≥6 months <6 months, ≥8 < 8 ≥12 <12 months. Multiple imputation conducted regressions with...