Fatigue can develop during prolonged computer work, particularly in elderly individuals. This study investigated eye movement characteristics relation to fatigue development. Twenty young and 18 healthy adults were recruited perform a functional task while their movements recorded. The lasted 40 minutes involving 240 cycles divided into 12 segments. Each cycle consisted of sequence memorization pattern, washout period, replication the pattern using mouse. participants rated perceived after...

The sensitivity of oculometrics to the changes in mental load has already been investigated several studies. However, reliability remains unexplored, particularly under concurrent demands. To address this, we recruited 20 young and 18 elderly healthy adults perform a functional computer task with three levels (i.e., low, medium, high) on two days interspaced by at least seven days. We tracked participants' eye movements pupil size during computed characterizing features saccades, fixations,...

Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are increasingly an issue in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. How antibiotic treatment impacts resistance the human gut microbiome remains poorly understood vivo. Here, a total of 577 fecal samples from 233 heavily antibiotic-treated patients were examined using high-resolution prescription data and shotgun metagenomics. The 13 most frequently used antibiotics significantly associated with 154 (40% tested associations) features....

Recent applications of eye tracking for diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up therapy in age-related neurological or psychological deficits have been reviewed. The review is focused on active aging, neurodegeneration cognitive impairments. potential impacts current limitations using characterizing features movements pupillary responses (oculometrics) as objective biomarkers the context aging are discussed. A closer look into findings, especially with respect to impairments, suggests that an...

Early diagnosis of bloodstream infection (BSI) is crucial for informed antibiotic use. This study developed a machine learning approach early BSI detection using comprehensive dataset from Rigshospitalet, Denmark (2010-2020). The included 144,398 samples adult patients, containing blood culture results, demographics, and up to 36 biochemical variables. Positive was observed in 6.4% samples, mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium. 80% the (N = 43,351...

While machine learning offers diverse techniques suitable for exploring various medical research questions, a cohesive synergistic framework can facilitate the integration and understanding of new approaches within unified model development interpretation. We therefore introduce Medical Artificial Intelligence Toolbox (MAIT), an explainable, open-source Python pipeline developing evaluating binary classification, regression, survival models on tabular datasets. MAIT addresses key challenges...

Despite progresses in data engineering, there are areas with limited consistencies across validation and documentation procedures causing confusions technical problems research involving machine learning. There have been by introducing frameworks like "Datasheets for Datasets", however improvements to prepare datasets, ready ML pipelines. Here, we extend the framework AI medical datasets - DAIMS." Our publicly available solution, DAIMS, provides a checklist including standardization...

Background At least a third of dengue patients develop plasma leakage with increased risk life-threatening complications. Predicting using laboratory parameters obtained in early infection as means triaging for hospital admission is important resource-limited settings. Methods A Sri Lankan cohort including 4,768 instances clinical data from N = 877 (60.3% confirmed infection) recorded the first 96 hours fever was considered. After excluding incomplete instances, dataset randomly split into...

A biofeedback system may objectively identify fatigue and provide an individualized timing plan for micro-breaks. We developed implemented a based on oculometrics using continuous recordings of eye movements pupil dilations to moderate development in its early stages. Twenty healthy young participants (10 males 10 females) performed cyclic computer task 31-35 min over two sessions: 1) self-triggered micro-breaks (manual sessions), 2) biofeedback-triggered (automatic sessions). The sessions...

Abstract Summary SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) is a widely used method for model interpretation. However, its full potential often remains untapped due to the absence of dedicated software tools. In response, ExplaineR, an R package facilitate interpretation binary classification and regression models based on clustering functionality SHAP analysis introduced here. It additionally offers user-interactive elements in visualizations evaluating performance, fairness analysis,...

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a putative curative treatment for malignant hematologic disorders. During transplantation, the immune system suppressed/eradicated through conditioning regimen (non-myeloablative or myeloablative) and replaced with donor system. In our previous study, we showed changes in gut taxonomic profiles decrease bacterial diversity post-transplant. this expand cohort 114 patients focus on impact of regimens features metabolic functions...

Gut microbiota is thought to influence host responses allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Recent evidence points this post-transplant for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD). We asked whether any such association might be found pre-transplant and conducted a metagenome-wide study (MWAS) explore. Microbial abundance profiles were estimated using ensembles of Kaiju, Kraken2, DeepMicrobes calls followed by dimensionality reduction. The area under the curve (AUC) was...

Abstract Interpretable risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients can aid clinicians to implement precision medicine. Here we trained a machine learning model predict mortality within 12 weeks first test. By leveraging data on 33,938 confirmed cases in eastern Denmark, considered 2723 variables extracted from electronic health records (EHR) including demographics, diagnoses, medications, laboratory test results and vital parameters. A discrete-time framework for survival modelling...

Abstract A biofeedback system may objectively identify fatigue and provide an individualized timing plan for micro-breaks. We developed implemented a based on oculometrics using continuous recordings of eye movements pupil dilations to moderate development in its early stages. Twenty healthy young participants (10 males females) performed cyclic computer task 31-35 min over two sessions: 1) self-triggered micro-breaks (manual sessions), 2) biofeedback-triggered (automatic sessions). The...

Abstract Background Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) is a commensal bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tract. In immunocompromised patients, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, it frequent course of extraintestinal infections. Identifying HSCT patients who are predisposed to developing infections could enable development targeted strategies reduce their risk. We aimed develop machine learning (ML) model predict E. infection based on gut metagenomic data....

The affective dimension of pain contributes to perception. Cognitive load may influence pain-related feelings. Eye tracking has proven useful for detecting cognitive effects objectively by using relevant eye movement characteristics. In this study, we investigated whether characteristics differ in response feelings the presence low and high loads. A set validated, control, sounds were applied provoke Twelve healthy young participants (six females) performed a task at two levels, once with...

This randomised controlled field study aimed to design a female-specific cycling pad with reduced padding in the crotch area (half-pad) and test its effects on self-reported sensory manifestations comparison full-padded bib shorts. Recreational female road cyclists (n = 183) participated (divided into two groups). Self-reported were collected six times over 12 weeks. Sitting discomfort, wetness perception, thermal, texture sensation, wear discomfort decreased time for sitting-bones areas...

ABSTRACT Interpretable risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients can aid clinicians to implement precision medicine. Here we trained a machine learning model predict mortality within 12 weeks first test. By leveraging data on 33,928 confirmed cases in eastern Denmark, considered 2,723 variables extracted from electronic health records (EHR) including demographics, diagnoses, medications, laboratory test results and vital parameters. A discrete-time framework for survival modelling...