A5018857271- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Marine and fisheries research
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Microscopic Colitis
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Aquatic life and conservation
- Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Helminth infection and control
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
The Ocean Foundation
2025
University of Edinburgh
2017-2023
James Cook University
2011-2022
Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine
2016
Reef Ecologic
2012
University at Buffalo, State University of New York
2003-2011
Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority
2002-2010
Bioscience Research
2010
Animal Production Research Centre
2009
Calspan-University of Buffalo Research Center
2008
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses knowledge gap vertical movements by compiling first synthesis habitat use from data obtained deployment 989 biotelemetry tags 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- interspecific variability in...
Abstract Peptide nucleic acids (PNA) were synthesized by a modified Merrifield method using several improvements. Activation O ‐(benzotriazol‐1‐yl)‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate in combination with situ neutralization of the resin allowed efficient coupling all four Boc‐protected PNA monomers within 30 min. HPLC analysis crude product obtained from fully automated synthesis model oligomer H‐CGGACTAAGTCCATTGC‐Gly‐NH 2 , indicated an average yield per synthetic cycle 97.1%. N...
Most dairy cows suffer uterine microbial contamination postpartum. Persistent endometritis often develops, associated with reduced fertility. We used a model of differential feeding and milking regimes to produce in differing negative energy balance status early lactation (mild or severe, MNEB SNEB). Blood hematology was assessed preslaughter at 2 wk RNA expression endometrial samples compared using bovine Affymetrix arrays. Data were mapped Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Circulating...
Although marine protected areas (MPAs) are a common conservation strategy, these often designed with little prior knowledge of the spatial behaviour species they to protect. Currently, Coral Sea area and its seamounts (north-east Australia) under review determine if MPAs warranted. The protection sharks at should be an integral component plans. Therefore, on ecology is essential for appropriate implementation management Acoustic telemetry was used residency, site fidelity use three shark...
Despite an Indo-Pacific wide distribution, the movement patterns of grey reef sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) and fidelity to individual platforms has gone largely unstudied. Their distribution implies that some individuals have dispersed throughout tropical waters Indo-Pacific, but data on large-scale movements do not exist. We present from nine C. amblyrhynchos monitored within Great Barrier Reef Coral Sea off coast Australia. Shark presence were via array acoustic receivers for a...
Significance Global vessel traffic is increasing alongside world economic growth. The potential for rising lethal ship strikes on endangered species of marine megafauna, such as the plankton-feeding whale shark, remains poorly understood since areas highest overlap are seldom determined across an entire range. Here we show how satellite tracking sharks and large movements globally provides a means to localize high-overlap determine collision risk changes in time. Our results point high...
Postpartum dairy cows enter a period of negative energy balance (NEB) associated with low circulating IGF1, during which the uterus must undergo extensive repair following calving. This study investigated effects NEB on expression IGF family members and related genes in involuting uterus. Cows were allocated to two treatments using differential feeding milking regimes produce mild or severe (SNEB). Uterine endometrial samples collected 2 weeks post partum analysed by quantitative PCR. The...
Negative energy balance (NEB) during early lactation in dairy cows leads to an altered metabolic state that has major effects on the production of IGF family members. Low IGF-I concentrations are associated with poor fertility and therefore we aimed determine whether NEB exerts a direct effect expression postpartum oviduct. Multiparous Holstein were allocated two treatments (each n=6) designed using differential feeding milking regimes produce either mild (MNEB) or severe (SNEB). Animals...
In high-yielding dairy cows the liver undergoes extensive physiological and biochemical changes during early postpartum period in an effort to re-establish metabolic homeostasis counteract adverse effects of negative energy balance (NEB). These adaptations are likely be mediated by significant alterations hepatic gene expression. To gain new insights into these events model was created using differential feeding milking regimes produce two groups with either a mild (MNEB) or severe NEB...
The expansion of the world's merchant fleet poses a great threat to ocean's biodiversity. Collisions between ships and marine megafauna can have population-level consequences for vulnerable species. Endangered whale shark (Rhincodon typus), shares circumglobal distribution with this expanding tracking movement pathways has shown that large vessel collisions pose major However, it is not yet known whether they are also at risk within aggregation sites, where up 400 individuals gather feed on...
African sleeping sickness is a fatal disease that caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Polyamine biosynthesis an essential pathway in and validated drug target for treatment of disease. S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) catalyzes key step polyamine biosynthesis. Here, we show trypanosomatids uniquely contain both functional AdoMetDC paralog designated prozyme has lost catalytic activity. The T. brucei forms high-affinity heterodimer with stimulates its activity...
During the reproductive season, sea turtles use a restricted area in vicinity of their nesting beaches, making them vulnerable to predation. At Raine Island (Australia), highest density green turtle Chelonia mydas rookery world, tiger sharks Galeocerdo cuvier have been observed feed on turtles, and it has suggested that they may specialise such air-breathing prey. However there is little information with which examine this hypothesis. We compared spatial temporal components movement...
Summary Body size is a key determinant of metabolic rate, but logistical constraints have led to paucity energetics measurements from large water‐breathing animals. As result, estimating energy requirements fish generally relies on extrapolation rate individuals lower body mass using allometric relationships that are notoriously variable. Swim‐tunnel respirometry the ‘gold standard’ for measuring active rates in animals, yet previous data entirely derived masses <10 kg – at least one...
Abstract Aim Concurrently, assessing the effectiveness of marine protected areas and evaluating degree risk from humans to key species provide valuable information that can be integrated into conservation management planning. Tiger sharks ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) are a wide‐ranging ecologically important subject various threats. The aim this study was identify “hotspots” tiger shark habitat use in relation potential risks fishing. Location Southwest Indian Ocean, east coast South Africa...
ABSTRACT GT160-246, a high-molecular-weight soluble anionic polymer, was tested in vitro and vivo for neutralization of Clostridium difficile toxin A B activities. Five milligrams GT160-246 per ml neutralized toxin-mediated inhibition protein synthesis Vero cells induced by 5 ng or 1.25 ml. In ligated rat ileal loops, 1 mg fluid accumulation caused μg A. At doses as high 80 mg/loop, cholestyramine provided incomplete protected 80% the hamsters from mortality infection with C. , whereas only...
Increased energy demands to support lactation, coupled with lowered feed intake capacity results in negative balance (NEB) and is typically characterized by extensive mobilization of body reserves the early postpartum dairy cow. The catabolism stored lipid leads an increase systemic concentrations nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB). Oxidation NEFA liver result increased production reactive oxygen species onset oxidative stress can lead disruption normal metabolism...
Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a link between organochlorine and pesticide exposure to an enhanced risk for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). A common biological phenomenon underlying cell injury associated with both polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) dopaminergic neurodegeneration during aging is oxidative stress (OS). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that oral PCB exposure, via food ingestion, impairs dopamine systems in adult murine brain. We...
Post partum negative energy balance (NEB) in dairy cattle is associated with a delayed return to ovarian cyclicity and reduced fertility. This study compared the IGF system of pre-recruitment follicles between cows mild ( n = 6) or severe NEB during early lactation. Ovaries were collected second week post , when circulating concentrations IGF-I glucose lower P < 0.01) cows. mRNA expression for IGF-II, type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)-1 IGFBP-6 was determined by situ...