A5033744726- Climate change and permafrost
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Gut microbiota and health
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice
2016-2025
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany
2023
Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
2023
Sewanee: The University of the South
2022
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
2018-2019
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2018-2019
Scripps Research Institute
2008-2014
Prognosys Biosciences (United States)
2009-2013
Charles University
2006-2009
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
2003-2007
Rising temperatures in the Arctic can affect soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition directly and indirectly, by increasing plant primary production thus allocation of plant-derived compounds into soil. Such compounds, for example root exudates or decaying fine roots, are easily available microorganisms, alter older SOM ("priming effect"). We here report on a priming experiment active layer permafrost from central Siberian Arctic, comparing responses topsoil, mineral subsoil, cryoturbated...
DNA is inherently limited by its four natural nucleotides. Efforts to expand the genetic alphabet, addition of an unnatural base pair, promise biotechnological applications available for as well be essential first step toward expansion code. We have conducted two independent screens hydrophobic nucleotides identify novel candidate pairs that are recognized a polymerase. From pool 3600 pairs, both identified same dSICS:dMMO2, which we report here. Using series related analogues, performed...
Abstract. The cycling of carbon (C) between the Earth surface and atmosphere is controlled by biological abiotic processes that regulate C storage in biogeochemical compartments release to atmosphere. This partitioning quantified using various forms C-use efficiency (CUE) – ratio remaining a system entering system. Biological CUE fraction taken up allocated biosynthesis. In soils sediments, depends also on processes, so term C-storage (CSE) can be used. Here we first review reconcile CSE...
Abstract Pyrogenic carbon ( PC ‐ charcoal, biochar or black carbon) represents a poorly understood component of the global (C) cycle, but one that has considerable potential to mitigate climate change through provision long‐term soil C sequestration. Mass balance calculations suggest production and stocks are not in balance, indicating major gap our understanding processes by which is re‐mineralized. We collected samples derived from same wood material exposed natural environmental...
Climate change in Arctic ecosystems fosters permafrost thaw and makes massive amounts of ancient soil organic carbon (OC) available to microbial breakdown. However, fractions the matter (OM) may be protected from rapid decomposition by their association with minerals. Little is known about effects mineral-organic associations (MOA) on accessibility OM soils it not clear which factors control its temperature sensitivity. In order investigate if how OC turnover affected mineral controls, heavy...
Arctic ecosystems are warming rapidly, which is expected to promote soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. In addition the direct effect, decomposition can also be indirectly stimulated via increased plant productivity and plant-soil C allocation, this so called "priming effect" might significantly alter ecosystem balance. study, we provide first mechanistic insights into susceptibility of SOM in arctic permafrost soils priming. By comparing 119 from four locations across Siberian that...
Abstract. In permafrost soils, the temperature regime and resulting cryogenic processes are important determinants of storage organic carbon (OC) its small-scale spatial variability. For cryoturbated there is a lack research assessing pedon-scale heterogeneity in OC stocks transformation functionally different matter (OM) fractions, such as particulate mineral-associated OM. Therefore, pedons 28 Turbels were sampled 5 m wide soil trenches across Siberian Arctic to calculate total nitrogen...
Enzyme-mediated decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) is controlled, amongst other factors, by properties and the microbial decomposer community present. Since composition SOM are often interrelated both change with depth, drivers enzymatic hard to dissect. We investigated soils from three regions in Siberian Arctic, where carbon rich topsoil material has been incorporated into subsoil (cryoturbation). took advantage this subduction test if shape composition, identify controls on enzyme...
Single-step aqueous cross-coupling reactions of nucleobase-halogenated 2'-deoxynucleosides (8-bromo-2'-deoxyadenosine, 7-iodo-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine, or 5-iodo-2'-deoxy-uridine) their 5'-triphosphates with 4-boronophenylalanine 4-ethynylphenylalanine have been developed and used for efficient synthesis modified 2'-deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) bearing amino acid groups. These dNTPs were then tested as substrates DNA polymerases construction functionalized through primer extension...
An expeditious and highly efficient single-step methodology for the introduction of a phenylalanine moiety into position 8 6 purine scaffold was developed based on aqueous-phase Pd-catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions unprotected 4-boronophenylalanine with 8-bromo- or 6-chloropurines. The scope demonstrated by syntheses (adenin-8-yl)phenylalanine base, nucleosides, nucleotides nucleoside triphosphates as well (purin-6-yl)phenylalanine base nucleosides. All these products were...
Turbic Cryosols (permafrost soils characterized by cryoturbation, i.e., mixing of soil layers due to freezing and thawing) are widespread across the Arctic, contain large amounts poorly decomposed organic material buried in subsoil. This cryoturbated matter exhibits retarded decomposition compared topsoil. Since (SOM) is known be tightly linked N availability, we investigated transformation rates different horizons three tundra sites north-eastern Siberia Greenland. We measured gross protein...
Sensitive and rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most poisonous substances known to date, is essential for studies medical applications BoNTs poisoned food, as well response potential bioterrorist threats. Currently, common method BoNT mouse bioassay. While this assay sensitive, it slow, quite expensive, has limited throughput requires sacrificing animals. Herein, we discuss compare recently developed alternative in vitro methods assess their ability supplement or replace...
Arctic plant productivity is often limited by low soil N availability. This has been attributed to slow breakdown of N-containing polymers in litter and organic matter (SOM) into smaller, available units, shallow rooting constrained permafrost high moisture. Using 15N pool dilution assays, we here quantified gross amino acid ammonium production rates 97 active layer samples from four sites across the Siberian Arctic. We found that layers alone exceeded literature-based estimates maximum...
Although bacterial assemblages are important components of soils in arid ecosystems, the knowledge about composition, life-strategies, and environmental drivers is still fragmentary, especially remote high-elevation mountains. We compared quality quantity heterotrophic between rhizosphere dominant cushion-forming plant Thylacospermum ceaspitosum its surrounding bulk soil two mountain ranges (East Karakoram: 4850-5250 m Little Tibet: 5350-5850 m), communities from cold steppes to subnival...
Abstract Polyphosphates (Poly-P) are known to fulfil several important physiological functions. Many microorganisms can accumulate large amounts of Poly-P in their biomass. Regardless these facts, systematic research on soil is missing, probably due the absence any method direct quantification. In this study, we attempted unequivocally prove presence biomass and quantify extractability contribution microbial phosphorus. To do so, combined approaches that indicate indirectly, i.e. growth...
Sensitive and rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most poisonous substances known to date, is essential for studies medical applications BoNTs poisoned food, as well response potential bioterrorist threats. Currently, common method BoNT mouse bioassay. While this assay sensitive, it slow, quite expensive, has limited throughput requires sacrificing animals. Herein, we discuss compare recently developed alternative in vitro methods assess their ability supplement or replace...