Working with high-dimensional phylogenetic comparative data sets is challenging because likelihood-based multivariate methods suffer from low statistical performances as the number of traits $p $ approaches species $n and some computational complications occur when exceeds $n$. Alternative have recently been proposed to deal large small scenario but their use are limited. Herein, we develop a penalized likelihood (PL) framework sets. We propose various penalizations for selecting intensity...

The estimation of phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among a group organisms is fundamental first step toward understanding its biological diversification. time the most recent or last common ancestor (LCA) extant platyrrhines one controversial scholars primate evolution. Here we use two molecular based approaches to date initial platyrrhine clade, Bayesian estimations under relaxed-clock model substitution rate plus generation body size, employing fossil record genome datasets....

Significance The evolutionary diversification of brain morphology is one the most prominent features primate adaptive radiation and a likely determinant success. However, ecological factors responsible for are largely unknown. In this work, we use comparative approach to study during major clade—the New World monkeys. We show that evolved in association with occupation several niches, convergence among clades may be associated an increase complexity social behaviors.

Abstract Adaptation to life in caves is often accompanied by dramatically convergent changes across distantly related taxa, epitomized the loss or reduction of eyes and pigmentation. Nevertheless, genomic underpinnings underlying cave-related phenotypes are largely unexplored from a macroevolutionary perspective. Here we investigate genome-wide gene evolutionary dynamics three beetle tribes with at least six instances independent colonization subterranean habitats, inhabiting both aquatic...

Abstract Biological phenotypes are products of complex evolutionary processes in which selective forces influence multiple biological trait measurements unknown ways. Phylogenetic comparative methods seek to disentangle these relationships across the history a group organisms. Unfortunately, most existing fail accommodate high‐dimensional data with dozens or even thousands observations per taxon. factor analysis offers solution challenge dimensionality. However, scientists seeking employ...

With the advent of high throughput sequencing, amount genomic data available for animals (Metazoa) species has bloomed over last decade, especially from transcriptomes due to lower sequencing costs and easier assembling process compared genomes. Transcriptomic sets have proven useful phylogenomic studies, such as inference phylogenetic interrelationships (e.g., tree reconstruction) comparative genomics analyses gene repertoire evolutionary dynamics). However, these are often analyzed...

Genetic diversity is critical for species evolution and their adaptability to global changes, while speciation rate explaining large-scale patterns of richness. Exploring correlates variation in genetic rates across a major interest evolutionary biologists, but these two questions have mostly been investigated independently. Here, we assess the relationship between intra-specific 1897 mammal (~one third total diversity) covering all mammalian orders. We find negative association...

Abstract One of the most important physiological challenges animals had to overcome during terrestrialization (i.e., transition from sea land) was water loss, which alters their osmotic and hydric homeostasis. Aquaporins are a superfamily membrane transporters heavily involved in osmoregulatory processes. Their diversity evolutionary dynamics animal lineages remain unknown, hampering our understanding role marine–terrestrial transitions. Here, we interrogated aquaporin gene repertoire...

Understanding the origin of diversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary biology. The null expectation for diversification that all changes biological are result random processes. Adaptive radiations depart from this as ecological factors and natural selection supposed to play central role driving exceptional diversification. However, it not well understood how large‐scale continental radiations, given their characteristics, fit these opposing theoretical models. Here, we used...

Abstract Animals abandoned their marine niche and successfully adapted to life on land multiple times throughout evolution, providing a rare opportunity study the mechanisms driving large scale macroevolutionary convergence. However, genomic factors underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate dynamics of gene repertoire evolution during repeated transitions out sea in mollusks, lineage that has transitioned freshwater terrestrial environments independent times....

Platyrrhines constitute a diverse clade, with the modern Atelidae exhibiting most variation in cranial and endocast morphology. The processes responsible for this diversification are not well understood. Here, we present geometric morphometric study describing endocranial shape of 14 species Alouatta, Ateles, Brachyteles, Lagothrix two extinct taxa, Cartelles Caipora.We examined among using images reconstructed from CT scans techniques based on three-dimensional landmarks semilandmarks....

Abstract Animals abandoned their ancestral marine niche and ventured into land multiple times across evolution, repeatedly overcoming major ecological challenges. These replicated evolutionary transitions constitute magnificent demonstrations of life’s capacity to evolve, provide a rare opportunity study the mechanisms driving large scale macroevolutionary convergence. However, genomic underpinnings terrestrialization process remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated dynamics gene...

The dissection of the mode and tempo phenotypic evolution is integral to our understanding global biodiversity. Our ability infer patterns phenotypes across phylogenetic clades essential how we macroevolutionary processes governing those patterns. Many methods are already available for fitting models data. However, there currently no comprehensive nonparametric framework characterizing comparing evolution. Here, build on a recently introduced approach using spectral density profile (SDP)...

Abstract One of the most important physiological challenges animals had to overcome during terrestrialization (i.e., transition from sea land) is water loss, which alters their osmotic and hydric homeostasis. Aquaporins are a superfamily membrane transporters heavily involved in osmoregulatory processes. Their diversity evolutionary dynamics animal lineages remain unknown, hampering our understanding role marine-terrestrial transitions. Here, we interrogated aquaporin gene repertoire...

Abstract The dissection of the mode and tempo phenotypic evolution is integral to our understanding global biodiversity. Our ability infer patterns phenotypes across phylogenetic clades essential how we macroevolutionary processes governing those patterns. Many methods are already available for fitting models data. However, there currently no non-parametric comprehensive framework characterising comparing evolution. Here build on a recently introduced approach using spectral density profile...

A bstract With the advent of high throughput sequencing, amount genomic data available for animals (Metazoa) species has bloomed over last decade, especially from transcriptomes due to lower sequencing costs and easier assembling process compared genomes. Transcriptomic sets have proven useful phylogenomic studies, such as inference phylogenetic interrelationships (e.g., tree reconstruction) comparative genomics analyses gene repertoire evolutionary dynamics). However, these are often...

Abstract Adaptation to life in caves is often accompanied by dramatically convergent changes across distantly related taxa, epitomized the loss or reduction of eyes and pigmentation. Nevertheless, genomic underpinnings underlying evolution cave-related phenotypes are largely unexplored. We investigated genome-wide gene evolutionary dynamics three beetle tribes with at least six instances independent colonization subterranean habitats, inhabiting both aquatic terrestrial underground systems....