A5039545956- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
University of Washington
2018-2025
Theodore Roosevelt High School
2019-2023
Effective surveillance of human enteric viruses is critical to estimate disease prevalence within a community and can be vital supplement clinical surveillance. This study sought evaluate simple, effective, inexpensive secondary concentration methods for use with ViroCap™ filter eluate environmental poliovirus. Wastewater was primary concentrated using cartridge ViroCap filters, seeded poliovirus type 1 (PV1), then five (beef extract-Celite, flat disc filter, InnovaPrep® Concentrating...
Salmonella enterica serovar (Salmonella Typhi) is the causative bacterial agent of typhoid fever. Environmental surveillance wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters has proven effective in monitoring various pathogens recently been applied to Typhi. This study evaluated eight sample collection concentration methods with 12 variations currently being developed used for Typhi globally better understand performance each method based on its ability detect feasibility. strains Ty21a Ty2...
Abstract We compared the performance of 2 multiplex platforms, Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel and TaqMan Array Card, against a panel 14 enteric pathogen targets in community-based birth cohort Ecuador. found high levels agreement similar prevalence estimates across most pathogens.
Rigorous evaluations of community water supply interventions are necessary to understand their impact on quality and access. Our study in Beira, Mozambique assessed the infrastructure improvements neighborhoods with or without piped network upgrades. Data were collected from 642 households microbial contamination stored source water, access, satisfaction service. The intervention reduced E. coli by 33% 14%. Regardless status, having a direct connection (versus none) was associated 24% lower...
Abstract The bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) was developed to facilitate poliovirus (PV) environmental surveillance, a supplement acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in PV eradication efforts. From April September 2015, samples were collected from four sites Nairobi, Kenya, and processed using two collection/concentration methodologies: BMFS (> 3 L filtered) grab sample (1 collected; 0.5 concentrated) with two-phase separation. analyzed for by the standard World Health Organization...
We compared the performance of two multiplex platforms, Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen PanelⓇ and TaqMan Array Card, against a panel 14 enteric pathogen targets in community-based birth cohort Ecuador. found high levels agreement similar prevalence estimates across most pathogens.
Poliovirus (PV) environmental surveillance (ES) plays an important role in the global eradication program and is crucial for monitoring silent PV circulation especially as clinical cases decrease. This study compared ES results using novel bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) with current two-phase separation method. From February to November 2016, BMFS samples were collected concurrently from twelve sites Pakistan (n = 117). Detection was higher than each Sabin-like (SL) serotype (p<0.001)...
Abstract Enteric virus environmental surveillance via a highly sensitive method is critical, as many enteric viruses have low infectious doses and can persist in the environment for extended periods. This study determined potential of novel bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) to recover human pepper mild mottle (PMMoV) from wastewater wastewater-impacted surface waters, examined PMMoV use fecal contamination indicator Kenya, identified BMFS process controls. From April 2015 2016, samples...
The typhoid conjugate vaccine is a safe and effective method for preventing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (typhoid) the WHO's guidance supports its use in locations with ongoing transmission. However, many countries lack robust clinical surveillance system, making it challenging to determine where vaccine. Environmental one alternative approach identify transmission, but cost implement such strategy previously unknown. This paper estimated of setting up operating an environmental program...
This study compared the bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) and standard WHO two-phase separation methods for poliovirus (PV) environmental surveillance, examined factors impacting PV detection monitored Sabin-like (SL) type 2 presence with withdrawal of oral polio vaccine (OPV2) in April 2016.
Introduction Despite clear linkages between provision of clean water and improvements in child health, limited information exists about the health impacts large infrastructure low-income settings. Billions dollars are spent annually to improve urban supply, rigorous evaluation these improvements, especially targeting informal settlements, is critical guide policy investment strategies. Objective measures infection exposure pathogens, gut function, needed understand effectiveness impact...
ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar ( Typhi) is the causative bacterial agent of Typhoid fever. Environmental surveillance wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters has proven effective in monitoring various pathogens, recently been applied to Typhi. This study evaluated eight sample collection concentration methods with twelve variations currently being developed used for Typhi globally better understand performance each method based on their ability detect feasibility. strains,...
Abstract Introduction The typhoid conjugate vaccine is a safe and effective method for preventing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (typhoid) the WHO’s guidance supports its use in locations with ongoing transmission. However, many countries lack robust clinical surveillance system, making it challenging to determine where vaccine. Environmental an alternative approach identify transmission, but cost implement such strategy previously unknown. Methods We estimated of environmental program...
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is the causative agent of Typhoid fever. Blood culture gold standard for clinical diagnosis, but this often difficult to employ in resource limited settings. Environmental surveillance waste-impacted waters a promising supplement surveillance, however validating methods challenging regions where S. concentrations are low. To evaluate existing environmental methods, novel process control organism (PCO) was created as biosafe surrogate. Using...
ABSTRACT Introduction Despite clear linkages between provision of clean water and improvements in child health, limited information exists about the health impacts large infrastructure low-income settings. Billions dollars are spent annually to improve urban supply, rigorous evaluation these improvements, especially targeting informal settlements, is critical guide policy investment strategies. Objective measures infection exposure pathogens, gut function, needed understand effectiveness...
Enteric viruses, such as poliovirus, are a leading cause of gastroenteritis, which causes 2-3 million deaths annually. Environmental surveillance wastewater supplements clinical for monitoring enteric virus circulation. However, while many environmental methods require liquid samples, some at-risk locations utilize pit latrines with waste characterized by high solids content. This study's objective was to develop and evaluate concentration protocols content samples. Two existing were...