OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a physical activity (PA) intervention on brain and behavioral indices executive control in preadolescent children. METHODS: Two hundred twenty-one children (7–9 years) were randomly assigned to 9-month afterschool PA program or wait-list control. In addition changes fitness (maximal oxygen consumption), electrical (P3-ERP) measures (accuracy, reaction time) collected by using tasks that modulated attentional inhibition cognitive flexibility. RESULTS:...

The relationship between aerobic fitness and executive control was assessed in 38 higher- lower-fit children (M-sub(age) = 9.4 years), grouped according to their performance on a field test of capacity. Participants performed flanker task requiring variable amounts while event-related brain potential responses were assessed. Results indicated that higher-fit more accurately across conditions the following commission errors when compared children, whereas no group differences observed for...

The goal of this investigation was to assess the influence acute bouts aerobic versus resistance exercise on executive control working memory.Twenty-one young adult participants completed a cardiorespiratory fitness test and maximal strength tests. On subsequent days, task performance measures reaction time (RT) accuracy were collected while modified Sternberg memory before start of, immediately after, 30 min after an intervention consisting either or seated rest control.Findings indicated...

The present investigation is the first to explore association between childhood aerobic fitness and basal ganglia structure function. Rodent research has revealed that exercise influences striatum by increasing dopamine signaling angiogenesis. In children, higher levels are associated with greater hippocampal volumes, superior performance on tasks of attentional interference control, elevated event-related brain potential indices executive study used magnetic resonance imaging investigate if...

The present study examined the effects of a 9-month randomized control physical activity intervention aimed at improving cardiorespiratory fitness on changes in working memory performance preadolescent children relative to waitlist group. Participants performed modified Sternberg task, which manipulated demands based encoding set sizes, while task and contingent negative variation (CNV) event-related brain potential were measured. Analyses revealed that led increases improved performance....

The influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on the modulation cognitive control was assessed in preadolescent children separated into higher- and lower-fit groups. Participants completed compatible incompatible stimulus-response conditions a modified flanker task, consisting congruent incongruent arrays, while ERPs task performance were concurrently measured. Findings revealed decreased response accuracy for lower- relative to higher-fit participants with selectively larger deficit condition,...

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article Front. Hum. Neurosci., 12 March 2013Sec. Cognitive Neuroscience Volume 7 - 2013 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00072

The present study examined the effects of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on aspects cognitive control in two groups children categorized by higher- and lower-task performance. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were collected 40 preadolescent during a modified flanker task following 20 min treadmill walking seated rest separate occasions. Participants bifurcated into based performance resting session. Findings revealed that exercise, higher-performers maintained accuracy exhibited no...

Adiposity may be negatively associated with cognitive function in children. However, the findings remain controversial, part due to multifaceted nature of cognition and perhaps lack accurate assessment adiposity. The aim this study was clarify relation weight status preadolescent children using a comprehensive control, academic achievement, measures Preadolescent between 7 9 years (n = 126) completed Go NoGo tasks, as well Wide Range Achievement Test 3rd edition (WRAT3), which achievement...

Aerobic fitness has been found to play a positive role in brain and cognitive health of children. Yet, many the neural biomarkers related aerobic remain unknown. Here, using diffusion tensor imaging, we demonstrated that higher was greater estimates white matter microstructure Higher fit 9- 10-year-old children showed fractional anisotropy (FA) sections corpus callosum, corona radiata, superior longitudinal fasciculus, compared lower The FA effects were primarily characterized by differences...

Previous reports have indicated a small, positive relationship between physical activity and cognition.However, the majority of research has focused on older adults, with few studies examining this during earlier periods life span.This study examined to cognition in cross-section 241 community-dwelling individuals 15-71 years age task requiring variable amounts executive control.Data were analyzed multiple regression, which controlled for age, sex, IQ.Participants reported their behavior...

The minimum number of trials necessary to accurately characterize the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe) across life span was investigated using samples preadolescent children, college-age young adults, older adults. Event-related potentials task performance were subsequently measured during a modified flanker task. Response-locked averages created sequentially increasing errors commission in blocks two. Findings indicated that all age cohorts ERN Pe not significantly...

Abstract Aerobically fit children outperform less peers on cognitive control challenges that involve inhibition, flexibility, and working memory. The aim of this study was to determine whether, compared with children, more 9- 10-year-old pre-adolescents exhibit superior performance a modified compatible incompatible flanker task at the initial time fitness testing approximately one year later. We found demonstrated increased accuracy both test sessions, coupled ability flexibly allocate...

The influence of age and fitness on the neuroelectric correlates attentional orienting processing during stimulus discrimination were investigated. Younger older adult participants completed a maximal aerobic exercise test separated into higher- lower-fit groups according to their cardiorespiratory fitness. Task performance event-related potential measures obtained two- three-stimulus oddball tasks. Results indicated that may ameliorate or protect against cognitive aging for simple...

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) that result from participation in sports are a major public health issue affecting 1.6-3.8 million individuals annually. The injury has been postulated as transient and void of long-term consequences when rapidly diagnosed properly managed. Emerging evidence, however, suggested an increased risk for late life cognitive dysfunction those with previous injuries. purpose this investigation was to evaluate young adults without history concussion using...

Background: Despite an increase in the prevalence of yoga exercise, research focusing on relationship between exercise and cognition is limited. The purpose this study was to examine effects acute session, relative aerobic cognitive performance. Methods: A repeated measures design employed where 30 female college-aged participants (Mean age = 20.07, SD 1.95) completed 3 counterbalanced testing sessions: a baseline assessment. flanker n-back tasks were used measure Results: Results showed...

Research comparing portable body composition methods, such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), to air displacement plethysmography (ADP) is limited. We assessed reliability and validity of predicting fat-free mass (FFM) by the RJL, Omron, Tanita BIA machines using ADP via BodPod a criterion. FFM (kg) was twice in college students (N = 77, 31 males 46 females; age 19.1 ± 1.2 years) ADP, BIAs. Reliability variance obtain an intraclass correlation statistic (Rxx). Validity Pearson (r)...