Abstract Coastal areas have been affected by hazards such as floods and storms due to the impact of climate change. As coastal systems continue become more socially environmentally complex, damage these cause is expected increase intensify. To reduce negative impacts, vulnerable their associated risks must be identified assessed. In this study, we assessed flooding risk South Korea using multiple machine learning algorithms. We predicted with high risks, aspect has not adequately addressed...

Defects in the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) tumor suppressor gene have been found many human cancers including breast prostate. Here we show that suppresses androgen receptor (AR) activity via a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/Akt-independent pathway early passage numbers prostate cancer LNCaP cells. We provide direct links between androgen/AR signaling by demonstrating AR directly interacts with PTEN. The interaction inhibits nuclear translocation promotes...

Central cholinergic neural circuits play a role in the regulation of feeding behavior. The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) is considered appetite-stimulating center and contains neurons. Here, we study DMH neurons control food intake.To selectively stimulate neurons, expressed stimulatory designer receptors exclusively activated by drugs (DREADDs) channelrhodopsins injection adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors into choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-IRES-Cre mice. We also generated transgenic...

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARC) respond to numerous hormonal and neural signals, resulting changes food intake. Here, we demonstrate that ARC POMC express capsaicin-sensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-like receptors. To show expression TRPV1-like receptors neurons, use single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, electrophysiology, TRPV1 knock-out (KO), TRPV1-Cre knock-in...

Countermeasures to urban flooding should consider long-term perspectives, because climate change impacts are unpredictable and complex. Urban green spaces have emerged as a potential option reduce flood risks, their effectiveness has been highlighted in notable water management studies. In this study, flooded areas Seoul, Korea, were divided into four area types by cluster analysis based on topographic physical characteristics verified using discriminant analysis. After division type,...

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is critical in maintaining body temperature. The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) integrates cutaneous thermosensory signals and regulates adaptive thermogenesis. Here, we study the function synaptic connectivity of input from DMH cholinergic neurons to sympathetic premotor raphe pallidus (Rpa).In order selectively manipulate neuron activity, generated transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin fused yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) (choline...

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most used member of class compounds. Extensive use this plasticizer allows daily exposure to humans via various routes. A positive relationship between DEHP and neurobehavioral disorders suspected. But, there are insufficient data on harmfulness caused by exposure, particularly at levels. In study, we assessed consequences ingestion (2 20 mg/kg diets) in male mice for least 100 days examined its effects neuronal functions associated with disorders,...

Although stem cells from mice deficient of FGF2 have been reported to display enhanced capacity for adipogenesis, the literature using in vitro cell culture system has so far conflicting results on role adipogenesis. We here demonstrate that FGF2, depending concentration, can function as either a positive or negative factor adipogenesis by regulating activation ERK signaling pathway. at concentrations lower than 2 ng/ml human adipose-derived (hASCs). However, higher 10 was able suppress...

Depression is not yet fully understood, but various causative factors have been reported. Recently, the prevalence of depression has increased. However, therapeutic treatments for or research on scarce. Thus, in present paper, we propose a mouse model induced by movement restriction. Chronic mild stress (CMS) well-known technique to induce depressive-like behavior. it necessitates complex procedure consisting combination stresses. In contrast, chronic immobilization (CIS) readily accessible...

Models created by the intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (D-GalN) have been widely used to study pathogenesis human acute liver failure (ALF) drug development. Our previous reported that oyster (Crassostrea gigas) hydrolysate (OH) had a hepatoprotective effect in LPS/D-GalN-injected mice. This was performed identify tyrosine-alanine (YA) peptide, main component OH, ALF mice model. We analyzed YA on previously known mechanisms hepatocellular injury...

Soil profile organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) are influenced by topographic attributes, land use. The visible near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy method can be used for the prediction of OC TN because it is reliable, nondestructive, fast, cost-effective. VIS-NIR soil spectral environmental data were combined with Partial least squares regression (PLSR) model to examine effect topography attributes use on topsoil subsoil stocks. After this, based depth, 114 samples collected from...

Phenology-based multi-index with the random forest (RF) algorithm can be used to overcome shortcomings of traditional deforestation mapping that involves pixel-based classification, such as ISODATA or decision trees, and single images. The purpose this study was investigate methods identify specific types in North Korea, increase accuracy using phenological characteristics extracted algorithms. area based on RF carried out by merging phenology-based multi-indices (i.e., normalized difference...

Regulation of GABAergic inhibitory inputs and alterations in POMC neuron activity by nutrients adiposity signals regulate energy glucose homeostasis. Thus, understanding how neurons integrate these two signal molecules at the synaptic level is important. Here we show that leptin's action on GABA release to influenced levels. Leptin stimulates JAK2–PI3K pathway both presynaptic terminals postsynaptic neurons. Inhibition AMPK decreases 10 mM glucose. However, TRPC channel opening PI3K–PLC...

Abstract Glutamatergic synapses constitute a major excitatory neurotransmission system and are regulated by glutamate/glutamine (Gln) cycling between neurons astrocytes. Gln synthetase (GS) produced astrocytes plays an important role in maintaining the cycle. However, significance of GS during synaptogenesis has not been clarified. activity expression significantly increase from postnatal day (PD) 7 to 21, is expressed prior glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) more abundant than GFAP...

Biogenic amines are cellular components produced by the decarboxylation of amino acids; however, excessive biogenic amine production causes adverse health problems. The relationship between hepatic damage and levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. In this study, mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks to induce obesity, presenting early-stage NAFLD. We administered histamine (20 mg/kg) + tyramine (100 via oral gavage 6 days with HFD-induced results...

Viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate host cell processes and utilize intracellular organelles facilitate their replication. These complex interactions between viruses cellular allow them hijack the machinery impair homeostasis. Moreover, viral infection alters membrane’s structure composition induces vesicle formation trafficking of components. However, research focus has predominantly been on immune response elicited by viruses, often overlooking significant...