Membrane channels are subject to a wide variety of regulatory mechanisms that can be affected by activity. We present model stomatogastric ganglion (STG) neuron in which several Ca 2+ -dependent pathways used regulate the maximal conductances membrane currents an activity-dependent manner. Unlike previous models this type, regulation and modification electrical activity is unconstrained. The has seven voltage-dependent uses three sensors acting on different time scales. Starting from random...

Visual short-term memory tasks depend upon both the inferior temporal cortex (ITC) and prefrontal (PFC). Activity in some neurons persists after first (sample) stimulus is shown. This delay-period activity has been proposed as an important mechanism for working memory. In ITC neurons, intervening (nonmatching) stimuli wipe out activity; hence, role of must a different mechanism. Here, we look possible by contrasting effects two architectonically parts ITC: area TE perirhinal cortex. We found...

After withdrawal from cocaine, chronic cocaine users often experience persistent reduction in total sleep time, which is accompanied by increased fragmentation resembling insomnia. This and other abnormalities have long been speculated to foster relapse further drug addiction, but direct evidence lacking. Here, we report that after prolonged self-administration, rats exhibited nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, as well fragmentation. In an attempt improve...

Sleep profoundly affects the emotional and motivational state. In humans animals, loss of sleep often results in enhanced motivation for reward, which has direct implications health risks as well potential benefits. Current study aims at understanding mechanisms underlying deprivation (SDe)-induced enhancement reward seeking. We found that after acute SDe, mice had an increase sucrose seeking consumption but not food intake, suggesting a selective reward. nucleus accumbens (NAc), key brain...

When schedules of several operant trials must be successfully completed to obtain a reward, monkeys quickly learn adjust their behavioral performance by using visual cues that signal how many have been and remain in the current schedule. Bilateral rhinal (perirhinal entorhinal) cortex ablations irreversibly prevent this learning. Here, we apply recombinant DNA technique investigate role dopamine D2 receptor for type Rhinal was injected with construct significantly decreased ligand binding...

Are different kinds of stimuli (for example, classes geometric images or naturalistic images) encoded differently by visual cortex, are the principles encoding same for all stimuli? We examine two response properties: (1) range spike counts that can be elicited from a neuron in epochs representative short periods fixation (up to 400 msec), and (2) relation between mean variance stimuli, together characterize information processing capabilities using count code. In monkey primary cortex (V1)...

Multifocal steady-state visual evoked potentials (mfSSVEPs) have been successfully applied to assess field loss in glaucoma. However, the potential of mfSSVEPs for command control has not fully explored yet. It is significant detect single-trial and establish a brain-computer interface (BCI) system. This study designed stimulating paradigm that contains 32 targets, with each target composed five fan-shaped flickers circle. The were modulated by frequencies formed five-bit binary encoding...

In this paper, an innovative scheduling is designed for multi-hop multicast in wireless mesh networks, with utilization of concurrent transmission strategy. Since the performance a mechanism constrained setting due to interference among local transmissions, we analyze relationships firstly transmissions by introducing graph transformation method based on topology. Then, consideration relation, capacity greedy algorithm provide transmission, which satisfies time slots demanded each...

Given a video containing person, the video-based person re-identification (Re-ID) task aims to identify same from videos captured under different cameras. How embed spatial-temporal information of into its feature representation is crucial challenge. Most existing methods have failed make full use relationship between frames during extraction. In this work, we propose plug-and-play non-local attention module (NLAM) for frame-level NLAM, based on global spatial and channel attention, helps...

Wireless mesh networks have promised to provide high-speed access for residential or mobile customers. And concurrent transmission is an effective way enhance system throughput in wireless networks. The objective of this paper method enlarge with specific QoS fairness guarantee Firstly, link relationship obtained by the topology transformation based on network models adopted paper. Secondly, a greedy algorithm which constructs scenarios links without interference proposed and threshold...

This paper seek to devise a new scalable and efficient solution the problem of determining throughput range using concurrent transmission in wireless mesh networks. After consideration conditions for scheduling, an easy algorithm greedy mode is developed scenario construction based on analysis interference relationship. Simulation experiments show improvement achievable networks provide helpful method decision network size.

With rapid development of communication technology, the signal integrity is impacting system performance much more than before. So either in IC design or design, it very important to investigate negative timing analysis and its mathematical modeling high speed integrated circuit. In paper, we introduce origin script deep sub-micrometer process. Through analyzing difference between simulation model ordinary model, process discussed. The method proposed this paper useful for design.