A prospective study of retinopathy prematurity (ROP) 505 infants who weighed <1701 g at birth was undertaken in the mid-1980s. This cohort traced 10 to 12 years age determine how low weight alone and ROP might influence their ophthalmic outcome.Outcome measures were 1) visual functions (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity, perimetry, color vision), 2) presence strabismus, 3), measurements eye size dimensions its components including refractive state. total 169 11-year-olds born...

Purpose. Development or restoration of binocular vision is one the key goals strabismus management; however, functional impact stereoacuity has largely been neglected. Methods. Subjects aged 10 to 30 years with normal, reduced, nil performed three tasks: Purdue pegboard (measured how many pegs placed in seconds), bead threading (with two sizes bead, increase difficulty; measured time taken thread a number beads), and water pouring both accuracy time). All tests were undertaken without...

To determine the refractive status and ocular dimensions of a cohort children at age 10-12 years with birth weight below 1701 g, also relation between neonatal ophthalmic findings subsequent state.293 low birthweight who had been examined in period were assessed age. The examination consisted autorefraction, keratometry, A-scan. Results right eyes compared published normative data.293 572 consented to participate. average mean spherical equivalent (MSE) was +0.691 dioptre, significantly...

<h3>Objective</h3> To prospectively study infants of birth weight less than 1701 g in the East Midlands England mid 1980s at 10 to 12 years age determine incidence and risk factors for strabismus children born preterm. <h3>Methods</h3> Low-birth-weight (n = 572) who had been examined during neonatal period were invited a follow-up visit years; 169 eleven-year-old schoolchildren full term also recruited (the school cohort). <h3>Results</h3> Of original 572 children, 293 consented further...

To determine the visual functions, at age 10-12 years, of a geographically based cohort children birth weight less than 1701 g. The results were compared to group born full term.572 low birthweight (LBW) "low cohort" who had been examined in neonatal period invited for review years age. 169 11 year old schoolchildren term also recruited, "school cohort." Visual acuity (at distance and near), contrast sensitivity, colour vision, fields measured.293 original 572 participants consented further...

The aims of this study were to analyze the relationship between performance on fine motor skills tasks and peripheral bifoveal sensory fusion, phasic tonic level visual acuity (VA) in poorer seeing eye, interocular VA difference.Subjects aged 12 28 years with a range levels binocular vision performed three tasks: Purdue pegboard (number pegs placed 30 s), bead threading task (with two sizes increase difficulty, time taken thread fixed number beads), water pouring (accuracy pour quantity into...

To evaluate the impact of degrading binocular single vision (BSV) on performance fine visuomotor skill tasks requiring speed/accuracy.Binocular functions (Frisby/Preschool Randot [PSR] stereoacuity, horizontal phasic prism fusion amplitudes) were measured in visually normal participants aged 18 to 40 years (n = 80). Participants performed 2-timed tasks: water pouring (450 mL accurately into five measuring cylinders at 90 mL) and bead threading upright needles (30 large, 22 small beads,...

Extensive literature exists on normative stereoacuity values for younger children, but there is less information about in older children/adults. Individual stereotests cannot be used interchangeably-knowing the upper limit of normality each test important. This report details 5 near/distance drawn from a large sample participants aged 16-40 years, across 3 studies.Participants (n=206, mean age 22.18±5.31 years) were administered following stereotests: TNO, Preschool Randot, Frisby, Distance...

Virtual reality (VR) gameplay is popular with a range of games and educational resources available. However, it puts high demands on the visual system. Current evidence shows conflicting impacts parameters. Therefore, this study explores changes to vision following VR gameplay.The was conducted at School Health Sciences, University Liverpool. All participants had binocular good acuity no manifest strabismus. Participants were assessed before after playing 15 minutes game Beat Saber, which...

Purpose: Detecting changes in stereothresholds aids the diagnosis and management of binocular vision disorders. However, there is variation stereoacuity levels measured across a range stereotests. There are limited data assessing how stereotests respond to degradations stereoacuity. Therefore, aim this study compare obtained from four different conditions induced monocular blur. Methods: Stereoacuity was once for each Bangerter foil condition (no foil, 0.2 0.4 foil) using Frisby, TNO,...

Purpose: A clinical diagnosis of stereoblindness does not necessarily preclude compelling depth perception. Qualitative observations suggest that this may be due to the dynamic nature stimuli. The purpose study was systematically investigate effectiveness static and stereoscopic Methods: Stereoscopic stimuli were presented on a passive polarized monitor manipulated as follows: disparity (baseline condition), (change in z-location), change stimulus pattern, z-location with pattern change,...

Aims There is a paucity of literature concerning intractable diplopia. The aims this study were to determine the incidence diplopia in UK, identify causes and any associated risk factors, establish how cases are managed if treatment successful tolerated. Methods A 1-year prospective observational was undertaken via British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit (BOSU). This involved implementation reporting mechanism, which then triggered distribution an incident questionnaire explore clinical...

Aim: Increasingly, those who are considered 'stereoblind' by clinical testing, report that a 3D effect is perceived when watching stereoscopic films at the cinema. We here findings of pilot study investigating perception video clips and games consoles, in observers have no measurable stereo-acuity.Methods: Seven subjects were assessed for stereoacuity using standard tests. They then asked to perform an object depth ordering task on autostereoscopic screen (Nintendo 3DS) rating task,...