A5021151104- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- interferon and immune responses
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
Iowa State University
2016-2024
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2020
Ecological Society of America
2020
Rochester General Hospital
2013-2016
University of California Davis Medical Center
2006-2014
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2008-2010
Bipar
2009
University of California, Davis
2003-2008
Although the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is an important early site for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and severe CD4+ T-cell depletion, our understanding limited about restoration of gut mucosal immune system during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We evaluated kinetics viral suppression, restoration, gene expression, HIV-specific CD8+ responses in longitudinal gastrointestinal biopsy peripheral blood samples from patients initiating HAART primary HIV...
ABSTRACT Memory CD4 T cells specific for influenza virus are generated from natural infection and vaccination, persist long-term, recognize determinants in seasonal pandemic strains. However, the protective potential of these long-lived virus-specific memory is not clear, including whether T-cell helper or effector functions important secondary antiviral responses. Here we demonstrate that H1N1 directed responses to challenge through intrinsic mechanisms, resulting enhanced viral clearance,...
Abstract Rapid development of antisense therapies can enable on-demand responses to new viral pathogens and make personalized medicine for genetic diseases practical. Antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) are promising candidates fill such a role, but their challenging synthesis limits widespread application. To rapidly prototype potential PMO drug candidates, we report fully automated flow-based oligonucleotide synthesizer. Our optimized platform reduces coupling times by...
ABSTRACT Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is an early target of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian (SIV) a site for severe CD4 + T-cell depletion. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) effective in suppressing HIV replication restoring T cells peripheral blood, restoration GALT delayed. The role restored help during ART its impact on antiviral CD8 responses have not been investigated. Using the SIV model, we investigated gut infected macaques, initiating either primary stage...
Combined polyanhydride nanoparticles and pentablock copolymer micelles provide protection against homologous challenge in aged mice.
The rapid effector functions and tissue heterogeneity of memory T cells facilitate protective immunity, but they can also promote immunopathology in antiviral autoimmunity, transplantation. Modulation is a promising not yet achieved strategy for inhibiting these deleterious effects. Using an influenza infection model, we demonstrate that CD4 cell-driven secondary responses to challenge result improved viral clearance do prevent the morbidity associated with infection, exacerbate cellular...
Background. Acute otitis media (AOM) is a leading cause of bacterial pediatric infections associated with viral upper respiratory (URIs). We examined the differential impact syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza URIs on frequency AOM caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in stringently defined otitis-prone (sOP) non-otitis-prone (NOP) children as potential mechanism to explain increased susceptibility AOM. Methods. Peripheral blood nasal washes...
Antisense peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have yet to translate the clinic because of poor cellular uptake, limited solubility, and rapid elimination. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) covalently attached PNAs may facilitate clinical development by improving uptake into cells. We report an efficient technology that utilizes a fully automated fast-flow instrument manufacture CPP-conjugated (PPNAs) in single shot. The machine is rapid, with each amide bond being formed 10 s. Anti-IVS2-654 PPNA...
Abstract Ligation of TLR by distinct pathogen components provides essential signals for T cell priming, although how individual engagement affects primary and memory responses is not well defined. In this study, we demonstrate effects TLR2 vs TLR4 on CD4 due to differential APC. Priming influenza hemagglutinin (HA)-specific naive cells with HA peptide the agonist Pam3CysK in vivo resulted a high frequency activated HA-specific that predominantly produced IL-2 IL-17, whereas priming LPS...
Acute otitis media (AOM), induced by respiratory bacteria, is a significant cause of children seeking medical attention worldwide. Some are highly prone to AOMs, suffering three four recurrent infections per year (prone). We previously determined that this population could have diminished anti-bacterial immune responses in peripheral blood fail limit bacterial colonization the nasopharynx (NP). Here, we examined local NP and middle ear (ME) compared them examine whether mucosa were similar...
Respiratory viral infections, such as influenza, can lead to delayed clearance in toddlers, possibly exacerbating disease morbidity. We hypothesized that defective CD4 T cells toddlers may contribute a failure clear virus at similar rate adults. Thus, we developed young mouse model examine potential divergent responses between and determined mice (toddler mice, 21 d old) were actively generating recruiting effector/memory cells, whereas memory populations firmly established older, adult...
Abstract Background Although the majority of drug‐naïve HIV‐infected patients develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a small percentage remains asymptomatic without therapeutic intervention. Methods We have utilized simian virus (SIV)‐infected rhesus macaque model to gain insights into molecular mechanisms long‐term protection against AIDS. Results Chronically SIV‐infected macaques with disease progression had high viral loads and CD4 + T‐cell depletion in mucosal tissue...
ABSTRACT A vaccine consisting of several conserved proteins with different functions directing the pathogenesis pneumonia and sepsis would be preferred for protection against infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae . Infants will major population targeted next-generation pneumococcal vaccines. Here, we investigated potential efficacy provided three recombinant candidate proteins—pneumococcal histidine triad D (PhtD), detoxified pneumolysin derivative (PlyD1), choline-binding protein (PcpA)—for...
Abstract Background Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection leads to severe loss of intestinal CD4 + T cells and, as compared peripheral blood, restoration these is slow during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Mechanisms for this delay have not been examined in context which specific memory subsets or lost and fail regenerate ART. Methods Fifteen rhesus macaques were infected with SIV, five received ART (FTC/PMPA) 30 weeks. Viral loads measured by real‐time PCR. Flow cytometric analysis...