This research explored the influence of empathic distress on prosocial behavior in a resource allocation task with children. Children were randomly assigned to one two conditions before engaging sticker sharing task; watching either video girl upset that her dog had gone missing (emotion induction condition), or same preparing for yard sale (control condition). In study one, 5-6 year old children emotion condition rated emotional state both protagonist and self more negatively, also...

The authors explored the differential emergence and correlates of racial stereotyping in 136 children ages 4–11 years across two broad social contexts: Hawai'i Massachusetts. Children completed measures assessing race salience, essentialism, in‐group out‐group stereotyping. Results indicated that type stereotypes emerging with age was context dependent. In both contexts increased age. contrast, there only an age‐related increase Older Massachusetts reported more essentialist thinking (i.e.,...

Human faces, and more specifically the eyes, play a crucial role in social nonverbal communication because they signal valuable information about others.It is therefore surprising that few studies have investigated impact of intergroup contexts motivations on attention to eyes ingroup outgroup members.Four experiments differences eye gaze racial novel ingroups using tracker technology.Whereas Studies 1 3 demonstrated White participants attended compared Black targets, Study 2 showed similar...

The ability to discriminate visually based on race emerges early in infancy: 3-month-olds can perceptually differentiate faces by and 6-month-olds categorize race. Between ages 6 8 years, children sort others into racial groups. But what extent are these abilities influenced context? In this article, we review studies children's categorization discuss how our conclusions affected ask the questions (i.e., methods stimuli), where them diversity of child's surrounding environment), whom study)....

The achievement gap that exists between white and minority students is, has been, a persistent problem in education. Through research, many factors have been uncovered as contributors to this issue, although none shown be the sole cause. A small number of schools able narrow through implementation strategies impact everything from teacher-student relationship district whole. These could easily incorporated into any school across country; however, order see change take place, dramatic shift...

The goal of this research was to examine children's implicit racial attitudes. Across three studies, a total 359 White 5‐ 12‐year‐olds completed child‐friendly exemplar (Affective Priming Task; Affect Misattribution Procedure) and category‐based (Implicit Association Test) measures Younger children (5‐ 8‐year‐olds) showed automatic ingroup positivity toward child exemplars, whereas older (9‐ 12‐year‐olds) did not. Children also no evidence negativity Black despite demonstrating consistent...

The present research comprises six experiments that investigated racial biases in the perception of positive emotional expressions. In an initial study, we demonstrated White participants distinguished more their happiness ratings Duchenne (“true”) and non-Duchenne (“false”) smiles on compared with Black faces (Experiment 1). a subsequent study replicated this effect using different set stimuli non-Black 2). As predicted, bias was not by participants, who did significantly differ between...

Abstract To examine how competition influences resource allocation in 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds, children were assigned one of two conditions. In the experimental condition colored a picture for coloring contest whereas control they decorate wall. Subsequently, all participated task with another child who was introduced as participant or would also be Finally, asked many crayons (out eight) wanted provide other child. task, made decisions about allocate stickers self and across four trial types:...

Abstract Initial theory and research examining children’s implicit racial attitudes suggest that an preference favoring socially advantaged groups emerges early in childhood remains stable across development (Dunham, Baron, & Banaji, 2008). In two studies, we examined the ubiquity of this by measuring non‐Black minority non‐White majority toward White Black outgroups distinct cultural contexts. Study 1, children urban North American community with a large population showed pro‐White...

Implicit attitudes are evaluations that made automatically, unconsciously, unintentionally, or without conscious and deliberative processing (Gawronski & DeHouwer, 2014; Nosek et al., 2007). For the last two decades implicit measures have been developed used to assess people's social cognition, with most widely measure being Association Test (IAT; Greenwald 2003). This has extensively racial biases a number of studies examined reliability IAT when administered adults (Bar-Anan Nosek,...

Globally, our social worlds are becoming increasingly racially and ethnically diverse. Despite this, little attention has been given to how children negotiate this diversity. In study we examine whether a value-in-diversity storybook intervention encourages young engage in intergroup contact with diverse peers. The lunchroom seating behaviour of 4- 6-year-olds attending three primary schools was recorded at different points during one-week period. Seating coded based on the race levels...

This research examined disadvantageous inequality aversion in 4- and 6-year-old children. Using the resource allocation paradigm, we explored how was influenced by whether a cost associated with equitable choice. We also investigated preferences for equality differed depending on inequitable choice presented small or large discrepancy between payoff of participant their partner. The results demonstrated that plays role decision-making, as children preferred more when there no it compared to...

Students graduating from undergraduate accounting degree programmes in the UK are eligible for and attracted by accreditation available professional accountancy body (PAB) examinations. The study reviews factual information PAB websites to confirm that virtually all degrees have accreditation, many accredited with two or more PABs. By interviewing 18 academics a cross section of universities, this verifies confirms views expressed literature regarding constraining nature on degrees....

Two studies examined the relationship between explicit stereotyping and prejudice by investigating how of minority men women may be differentially related to prejudice. Based on research theory intersectional invisibility hypothesis (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008), we hypothesized that would more strongly than women. Supporting our hypothesis, in both United Kingdom (Study 1) States 2), when Black were entered into same regression model, only predicted Results inconsistent regard South...

Objectives: The interaction between one’s context and identity may be essential in understanding people’s racial experiences. In this study, we examined 2 contexts (racially diverse vs. homogenously White) measured the experiences of discrimination microaggressions for monoracial people color (POC), multiracial individuals, White individuals. Additionally, experience with a new scale that instances multiracial-specific microaggressions, offensiveness these microaggressions. Method Results:...

Abstract Despite current societal trends to encourage diversity, individuals often avoid acknowledging race, and we suggest also conflict, because of concerns about appearing prejudiced. The present research investigated the use racial color conflict blind strategies in an ambiguous negative intergroup context. In three studies, assessed whether people acknowledged race using a novel context task. Study 1 demonstrated that when describing interaction with photograph Black White males bumping...

In the current research, we examined whether Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) could be successfully adapted as an implicit measure of children’s attitudes. We tested this possibility in 3 studies with 5- to 10-year-old children. Study 1, found evidence that children misattribute affect elicited by attitudinally positive (e.g., cute animals) and negative aggressive primes neutral stimuli (inkblots). 2, that, expected, responses following flower insect were moderated gender. Girls (but...

With more people using social media on a daily basis and the prevalence of racial discrimination online, it becomes imperative to understand what factors impact minority individuals’ perceptions these transgressions in an online context. Confrontation form comments may meaningfully shape racism online. Across three studies, we examine how confrontation type (aggressive vs. passive) confronter group membership (ingroup outgroup) influence Asian Americans’ prejudice attitudes towards...

In this article we considered the relevance of specific claims that 'multi-faith' approaches to Religious Education (RE) play a role in promoting good community relations. doing so, adopted social-psychological perspective where engaging positive and meaningful interactions with diverse others reduces prejudice. Survey responses from 92 RE teachers across UK were examined determine extent which strategies for relations embedded within classroom practice. We next whether intuitively used...