A5088384508- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Gender Diversity and Inequality
- Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Communication in Education and Healthcare
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Jewish Identity and Society
- Media Influence and Health
- Critical Race Theory in Education
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Color perception and design
- Community Health and Development
- Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
- Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies
- Academic Freedom and Politics
York University
2015-2024
New York University
2022
University of British Columbia
2009
Yale University
2009
Radboud University Nijmegen
1995-2004
University of Toronto
1993-1998
The present research examined how implicit racial associations and explicit attitudes of Whites relate to behaviors impressions in interracial interactions. Specifically, the authors response latency self-report measures predicted bias perceptions verbal nonverbal behavior exhibited by while they interacted with a Black partner. As predicted, Whites' self-reported significantly their relative White confederates. Furthermore, these much friendlier felt that behaved toward than partners. In...
The Contact Hypothesis has long been considered one of psychology’s most effective strategies for improving intergroup relations. In this article, we review the history development Hypothesis, and then examine recent developments in area. Specifically, consider conditions that are required successful contact to occur (e.g. cooperation), investigate basic psychological processes may mediate consequent reductions bias decreased anxiety, increased common group representations), explore factors...
Recent studies have shown that mimicry occurs unintentionally and even among strangers. In the present studies, we investigated consequences of this automatic phenomenon in order to learn more about adaptive function it serves. three consistently found increases pro-social behavior. Participants who had been mimicked were helpful generous toward other people than non-mimicked participants. These beneficial not restricted behavior directed mimicker, but included directly involved situation....
The primary aim of the present research was to examine effect training in negating stereotype associations on activation. Across 3 studies, participants received practice stereotypes related skinhead and racial categories. subsequent automatic activation measured using either a primed Stroop task (Studies I 2) or person categorization (Study 3). results demonstrate that when receiving no nontarget category stereotype, exhibited spontaneous After an extensive amount specific category,...
Abstract Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples 22,863 students non-students), we measured perceptions the appropriateness various violation cooperative atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals variation. We find universal negative relation...
In 4 studies, the authors examined effect of approaching Blacks on implicit racial attitudes and immediacy behaviors. Studies 1-3, participants were trained to pull a joystick toward themselves or push it away from when presented with photographs Blacks, Whites, Asians before completing an Implicit Association Test measure bias. Study 4, this training procedure nonverbal behavior in interracial contact situation was investigated. Results studies demonstrated that decreased participants'...
Contemporary race relations are marked by an apparent paradox: Overt prejudice is strongly condemned, yet acts of blatant racism still frequently occur. We propose that one reason for this inconsistency people misunderstand how they would feel and behave after witnessing racism. The present research demonstrates although predicted be very upset a racist act, when actually experienced event showed relatively little emotional distress. Furthermore, overestimated the degree to which comment...
The main goal of the present study was to investigate interrelationships among preudice and endorsement activation cultural stereotypes. stereotypes examined using an attribution estimate measure. Stereotype a pronunciation task with short long stimulus onset asynchronies (300 ms 2000 ms) induce automatic controlled processing. As expected, high prejudiced participants endorsed greater extent than low participants. Furthermore, for participants, Black category labels facilitated stereo-type...
Human faces, and more specifically the eyes, play a crucial role in social nonverbal communication because they signal valuable information about others.It is therefore surprising that few studies have investigated impact of intergroup contexts motivations on attention to eyes ingroup outgroup members.Four experiments differences eye gaze racial novel ingroups using tracker technology.Whereas Studies 1 3 demonstrated White participants attended compared Black targets, Study 2 showed similar...
Significance Cooperation is key to well-functioning groups and societies. Rather than addressing high-cost cooperation involving giving money or time effort, we examine social mindfulness—a form of interpersonal benevolence that requires basic perspective-taking aimed at leaving choice for others. Do societies differ in mindfulness, if so, does it matter? Here, find not only considerable variation across 31 nations regions but also an association between mindfulness countries’ performance on...
Perceptions of personal and group discrimination in five domains (jobs, pay, loans, promotions, clubs) were investigated using the 1992 Minority Survey, which consisted telephone interviews with 902 respondents from different ethnic groups Toronto. The reported analyses concern six groups, representing visible, racial minorities (Blacks, Chinese, South Asians) as well white (Italians, Jews, Portuguese). personal/group discrepancy (PGDD) - i.e., perceiving greater toward one's than oneself...
The goal of this paper is to compare and contrast relative deprivation social identity theories in an attempt form integrative model comparison. posits that, depending on the determinants salience, people come categorize themselves as individuals or group members. When personal self-identities are salient, engage intragroup intergroup comparisons respectively. Negative outcomes from these result negative identities. These self-identities, combination with perceptions position illegitimate,...
Abstract Salient self‐identities and their impact upon feelings of relative deprivation (RD) subsequent action intentions were examined. Eight experimental conditions (Personal/Group Salience × Large/Small Intragroup Inequalities Intergroup Inequalities) created utilizing a role‐play design. Significant main effects for both salience social inequalities found to influence RD intentions. In accordance with self‐categorization theory, when group compared personal identities made salient,...
Although perceived differences between outgroup social categories and the self are often cited as a major contributor to prejudice intergroup tension, surprisingly few studies have examined ways improve associations racial outgroups. The present research investigated one strategy increase these associations-approach training. Specifically, 3 impact of training participants conceptually approach Blacks on separate measures: 2 response latency measures indexing strength association...
In four studies, we examined the spontaneous activation of specific attitudes related to social categories. These studies investigated whether priming participants with concepts associated elderly and skinheads influenced participants' attitudes. The results consistently demonstrated that a category can influence people's such they become more similar those people in primed category. After were category, their became conservative; after skinhead prejudiced. We also found these effects occur...
Recent research has moved beyond the mere documentation of implicit stereotypes to consider how these measures relate attitudes and predict behaviors. Little is known, however, about basic psychometric properties measures. The present includes three studies that provide evidence for test-retest reliability when supraliminal priming associated traits precedes a group categorization decision (Experiments 1 2) subliminal presentation member trait applicability (Experiment 3). Across studies,...
On the basis of theorizing that proposes category representations include a variety associations and not simply trait information, two studies investigated whether automatic activation stereotypic traits following priming is necessary mediator social behavior. The results across both demonstrated an behavior effect; participants primed with elderly responded more slowly to general lexical decisions than elderly. also provide evidence for activation; faster nonstereotypic traits. Moreover,...