Tectonic-scale geological phenomena are fundamentally controlled by nanoscale physiochemical mineral processes. Understanding these processes across multiple length scales is crucial for determining how mass and stress transferred during tectonism. Minerals exhibit complex structure-property relationships that govern their mechanical chemical behaviour, yet have been historically underexplored in Earth sciences. Advances nanotechnology instrumentation, including techniques such as...

Miocene extension and crustal thinning in the Aegean were largely accommodated by a bivergent detachment system. The region contains several metamorphic core complexes that have overprinted Eocene high-pressure, low-temperature (HP-LT) rocks of Cycladic Blueschist Unit (CBU). Attica Peninsula, along northern margin, hosts lateral termination one major detachments, SW-directed West Detachment System (WCDS). Moreover, NE has long been thought to contain large tectonic window exposing...

Pseudotachylytes, quenched melts from frictional heating, and ultracataclasites, comminution of host rock, are considered direct evidence coseismic slip. In hydrated systems, fluid-rock interactions can influence the nucleation propagation these earthquake-induced structures by facilitating element mobility fault zone weakening. We conducted 2D microstructural geochemical analyses on a series ultracataclastic veins hosted in deformed granodiorite Naxos, Greece, to investigate potential...

Abstract. Chemical abrasion, a two-step process of annealing and partial dissolution, is routinely applied to zircon grains prior U-Pb geochronology, remove portions the affected by Pb loss. The exact effect this technique on structure distribution radiogenic isotopes, however, remains elusive. Herein, reference OG1 were either fully or partially subjected chemical abrasion subsequently analysed sensitive high mass resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) determine systematics. Sputter craters...

Abstract The Lavrion district of the Attica Peninsula, Greece, exposes West Cycladic Detachment System (WCDS), a low‐angle crustal‐scale extensional fault system separating tectonostratigraphic units Blueschist Unit. New multiple single‐grain fusion and step‐heated white mica 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages integrated with existing (U–Th)/He independent paleothermometry resolves syn‐ to post‐orogenic deformation history. A structurally higher unit records Oligocene greenschist facies that evolved into...

Abstract Garnet is a common rock‐forming mineral that occurs in variety of rock types and over wide range pressure (P)–temperature (T) conditions the Earth's lithosphere. Because garnet considered high‐strength stable across an extensive (1–25 GPa, <300–2000°C), it generally accepted garnets can retain their microstructures chemical composition during deformation metamorphism. Therefore, commonly used as geothermobarometer geochronometer to provide P–T timing constraints on tectonic...

Interest in the technique of low temperature environmental nanoindentation has gained momentum recent years. Low indentation apparatuses can, for instance, be used systematic measurements mechanical properties ice laboratory, order to accurately determine inputs constitutive equations describing rheologic behaviour natural (i.e., Glen flow law). These are essential predict movement glaciers and sheets over time as a response changing climate. Herein, we introduce new experimental setup...

Abstract Crystal‐plastic deformation is one of the main mechanisms that can accommodate large amounts strain within lithosphere. Despite requirement understanding dislocation nucleation and arrangement, only accepted method for direct observation dislocations in geological materials so far transmission electron microscopy. Herein, we present a study using combination channelling contrast imaging ( ECCI ) backscatter diffraction EBSD to visualize analyse crystal defects pyrite deforming close...

The Detour Lake deposit is at a faulted contact between mafic volcanic and siliciclastic to volcaniclastic rocks, differing from other orogenic Au deposits in the dominantly greenschist facies Abitibi region, by possessing amphibolite assemblages. Consequently, typical indicator minerals for mineralization, like secondary biotite, may not be useful locating ore zone, due challenge of distinguishing hydrothermal versus metamorphic magmatic phases. Herein, geochemical 40Ar/39Ar...

The application of atom probe tomography (APT) to frozen liquids is limited by difficulties in specimen preparation. Here, we report on the use nanoporous Cu needles as a physical framework hold water ice for investigation using APT. Nanoporous are prepared electropolishing and dealloying Cu-Mn matchstick precursors. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy focused-ion beam milling reveal hierarchical, dendritic, highly-wettable microstructure. mass spectrum dominated peaks Cu+ H(H2O)n+ up n...

ABSTRACT The use of zircon in the dating geological processes and tectonic events has become a standard approach many aspects Earth science research. As result, understanding how interacts with aqueous fluids during metasomatism increasingly important. alteration natural is driven primarily by coupled dissolution–reprecipitation or ion-exchange an fluid. In this study, whole intact, euhedral light-brown crystals (100–250 μm length; 2 mg) from Oligocene Fish Canyon Tuff (FCT) were...

Ultracataclasites and pseudotachylytes often reflect localized deformation due to coseismic slip the temporal evolution of seismogenic fault zones. Interaction these structures their mechanisms nucleation propagation into crustal rocks remain poorly constrained. Herein we conducted a microstructural analysis on series ultracataclasitic veins within deformed granodiorite Naxos, Greece. The island is classical Miocene Cycladic metamorphic core complex, with migmatites at its core. Naxos...

A schist and a marble are used to investigate 40Ar Sr behaviour in white mica that show distinct records of deformation fluid-mediated chemical exchange. The rocks were obtained from the upper level Middle Allochthon northern Scandinavian Caledonides. They underwent eclogite-facies metamorphism (2.4-2.6 GPa/590-660°C) at c. 486-481 Ma deformed during juxtaposition with overlying Upper lower amphibolite/greenschist facies conditions 430-420 Ma. Deformation is recorded by anastomosing...

Garnet is a common high-pressure mineral in the Earth’s lithosphere. Considered high-strength stable across wide range of pressure and temperature conditions, it generally accepted that garnets can retain their microstructures chemical composition during deformation metamorphism. Therefore, trace major element compositions garnet are commonly used for geothermobarometers geochronometers to provide conditions timing metamorphic events. We combine electron backscatter diffraction...

Carbonate rocks compose 15% of Earth’s ice-free continental surface and commonly consist kilometer thick sequences that host complex crustal-scale fault zones, accommodating displacements on the order tens kilometers. These intricate networks significantly influence fluid migration, further controlling crustal mechanics. Understanding deformation mechanisms calcite dolomite, two dominant carbonate forming minerals, is therefore essential for predicting rheological properties rocks....

At high temperatures, alkali feldspar consists of a continuous solid-solution between the Na (albite) and K (K-feldspar) end members. Below about 600°C, miscibility gap opens, limits which are determined by so-called solvus. Alkali intermediate composition tends to exsolve when cooled from temperatures magmatic or metamorphic crystallization, forming an intergrowth Na- K-rich lamellae, microstructure referred as perthite. Initially, coherency is maintained across lamellar interfaces...

At temperatures above about 600 °C, alkali feldspar forms a continuous solid solution between the Na and K end members. Towards lower miscibility gap opens, of intermediate composition exsolves, forming an intergrowth relatively more Na-rich K-rich lamellae. During exsolution, crystal structure usually remains coherent across lamellar interfaces, feature that may be preserved over geological times. Due to compositional dependence lattice parameters, requires lamellae are elastically...