This review summarizes the current status of mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques used in ginseng research. The has been explored from two parts. first part presents an overview chemical analysis based on MS and liquid chromatography – (LC-MS), including application MS/MS systematic structural characterization ginsenosides fragmentation patterns different metal adducts with ginsenoside for structure analysis, crude extracts by LC-MS, investigation hydrolysis changes related prescription...

In this study, a total of 35 tree nut samples walnut, pecan, pine seed, hickory and torreya were obtained from 5 farm product markets in Hangzhou, China, investigated for essential (Cr, Mn, Fe, Mo, Cu, Zn, Se Sr) toxic (Al, As, Cd Pb) elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy. Mean elemental concentrations different nuts the following ranges: Cr 0.26-0.78 mg kg-1, Mn 42.1-174 Fe 33.7-43.9 Mo 0.11-0.48 Cu 10.3-17.6 Zn 21.6-56.1 0.015-0.051 Al 1.44-37.6 As 0.0062-0.047...

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major microvascular complication, characterized by pathological angiogenesis. This study sets out to investigate the potential molecular mechanism in angiogenesis during PDR. The expression of microRNA-30b (miR-30b) was quantified streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model binding affinity between SIRT1 and miR-30b then identified validated. After transduction with In-miR-30b or combined sh-SIRT1, high-glucose (HG)-induced retinal endothelial cells...

Direct analysis in real time ion source (DART) has been applied to the rapid of solid, liquid and gaseous samples.The compounds with either high volatility or proton affinity are favorable for DART analysis.However, a lot natural products such as ginsenosides ginseng oligosaccharides difficult be directly ionized by due their low affinity.Derivatization is very necessary affinity.Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) frequently used methylation reagent which can improve volatile compound...

Honeysuckle was collected from four locations in China: Pingyi, Shandong Province; Julu, Heibei Dongkou, Hunan and Fengqiu, Henan Province. The samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the rare earth elements La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sc, Y to characterize geographical traceability. accuracy of entire procedure verified analysis a citrus leaves standard reference material GBW10020. classification honeysuckle carried out...

An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer method for estimating trace elements in tree nut oils has been developed which employs microwave digestion equipped with high pressure subassembly. Residual carbon content and residual acidity were determined to evaluate the efficiency of digestion. The best was obtained using Easyprep™ system 0.5 g oil, 4 mL concentrated nitric acid, 2 hydrogen peroxide, a final temperature 235 °C. estimated as 1.7% (corresponding 852 mg L−1 sample solution)...

Limonin (LIM), a furan-containing limonoid, is one of the most abundant components Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. Recent studies demonstrated that LIM has great potential for inhibiting activity drug-metabolizing enzymes. However, mechanisms LIM-induced enzyme inactivation processes remain unexplored. The main objective this study was to identify reactive metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Three nucleophiles, glutathione (GSH), N -acetyl cysteine (NAC), and lysine (NAL),...

Dictamnine (4-methoxyfuro[2,3-b]quinolone, DIC), a common furoquinoline alkaloid in the family of Rutaceae, showed diverse biological activities. To investigate vivo metabolic pathways DIC, metabolism DIC mice was studied using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization hybrid linear trap quadrupole orbitrap (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) mass spectrometer. Nine metabolites were identified DIC-treated mouse urine, plasma, and fecal samples, which two as new metabolites....

High-throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was combined with chemometric tools for the rapid determination of polar components in camellia oil, rapeseed and waste cooking oil. The results were analyzed by two unsupervised methods: principal component analysis (one-way ANOVA, p<.05) volcano plot (p<.05, fold change ≥2) supervised method: partial least squares discriminant analysis. showed that oils correctly classified based on their...

Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector was used to optimize acid hydrolysis conditions of polysaccharides from Dendrobium candidum. The optimized were the concentration H2SO4, 0.4 M, temperature, 90°C, and time, 1 h. chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry obtain total ion current chromatograms determine hydrolyzates polysaccharides, such as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, some low-molecular weight D. candidum,...

Abstract In addition to conventional alpha-beta T cells, recent studies have demonstrated the presence of a subset CD8 single positive (SP) mature thymocytes, referred as memory-like or innate-like thymocytes that acquire effector functions in thymus result maturation process. These cells been described mice with mutations KLF2, Itk, CBP genes and SLAM family members non-mutant Balb/c response IL-4 produced by thymocytes. Here, we demonstrate enhanced function transcription factors Cell...

Abstract Isobaric labeling is one of the wide-spread high throughput proteome quantification strategies, where enzymatically digested protein extracts from different experimental groups are labeled with chemical tags and yield identical mass shift for individual peptides in MS precursor scan, whereas quantitation can be achieved by comparing reporter ion ratios upon fragmentation tandem scan. In addition to commercial such as TMT iTRAQ, we developed 4-plex 12-plex N,N-dimethyl leucine...