Two major challenges in tissue engineering are mimicking the native cell-cell arrangements of tissues and maintaining viability three-dimension (3D) thicker than 300 µm. Cell printing prevascularization engineered promising approaches to meet these challenges. However, technologies used biofabrication must balance competing parameters resolution, speed, volume, which limit resolution 3D structures. We suggest that high-resolution conformal techniques can be print 2D patterns vascular cells...

The bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Rps) colonizes plant xylem vessels and blocks the flow of sap by its biofilm (comprising cells extracellular material), resulting in devastating disease across many economically important host plants including tomatoes. technical challenges imaging environment, along with use artificial cell culture plates media existing vitro systems, limit understanding Rps formation infection dynamics. In this study, we designed built a...

Abstract Neutral lipids have been implicated in a host of potentially debilitating human diseases, such as heart disease, type-2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), the method-of-choice for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), has led to remarkable success several lipid classes from biological tissue sections. However, due ion suppression by phospholipids, MALDI limited ability efficiently ionize image neutral lipids, triglycerides (TGs). To...

Abstract Gaining a greater understanding of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) is critical for improvement in drug delivery, pathologies that compromise BBB, and developing therapies to protect BBB. In vitro human tissue models are valuable tools studying these issues. The standard BBB use commercially available cell culture inserts generate bilayer co‐cultures astrocytes endothelial cells (EC). Electrospinning can be used produce customized substrates with optimized material composition...

We have designed a laser cell deposition system that employs the phenomenon of guidance to place single cells at specific points in variety vitro environments. Here, we describe components system: optics, chamber, microinjection feeding and our custom control software application. discuss requirements challenges involved how present overcomes these challenges. demonstrate patterning is accurate within one micrometer by repeatedly depositing polymer microspheres measuring their position. its...

Axon path-finding plays an important role in normal and pathogenic brain development as well neurological regenerative medicine. In both scenarios, axonal growth is influenced by the microenvironment including soluble molecules contact-mediated signaling from guiding cells cellular matrix. Microfluidic devices are a powerful tool for creating at single cell level. this paper, asymmetrical-channel-based biochip, which can be later incorporated into microfluidic neuronal network study, was...

Cell patterning methods enable researchers to control specific homotypic and heterotypic contact-mediated cell–cell cell–ECM interactions impose defined cell tissue geometries. To micropattern individual cells points on a substrate with high spatial resolution, we have developed deposition microscope based the laser-guidance technique. We discuss theory of optical forces for generating laser guidance optimization configuration (NA ≈ 0.1) manipulate speed in three dimensions. Our is capable...

Employing optical force, our laser-guided cell micropatterning system, is capable of patterning different types onto and within standard research devices, including commercially available multielectrode arrays (MEAs) with glass culture rings, 35 mm Petri dishes, microdevices microfabricated polydimethylsiloxane on 22 × cover glasses. We discuss the theory forces for generating laser guidance calculation optimal beam characteristics guidance. describe hardware design software program system....

Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is hallmark many neurovascular disorders, making it a critically important focus for therapeutic options. However, testing effects either drugs or pathological agents difficult due to potentially damaging consequences altering normal brain microenvironment. Recently, in vitro coculture tissue models have been developed as an alternative animal testing. Despite low cost, these platforms use synthetic scaffolds which prevent architecture, cellular...

Abstract Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is used increasingly to simultaneously detect a broad range of biomolecules while mapping their spatial distributions within biological tissue sections. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) recognized as the method‐of‐choice for MSI applications due in part its molecular coverage. In spite remarkable advantages offered by MALDI, neutral lipids, such triglycerides (TGs), from has remained significant challenge ion suppression TGs...

Neurospora crassa has served as a model organism for studying circadian pathways and more recently gained attention in the biofuel industry due to its enhanced capacity cellulase production. However, order optimize N. biotechnological applications, metabolic during growth under different environmental conditions must be addressed. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is technique that provides high-throughput platform from which measure expression of large set genes over time....

Abstract Neurospora crassa has been utilized as a model organism for studying biological, regulatory and circadian rhythms over 50 years. These cycles are driven at the molecular level by gene transcription events to prepare environmental changes. N. is typically found on woody biomass commonly studied agar-containing medium which mimics its natural environment. We report novel method disrupting while maintaining light responsiveness in when held steady metabolic state using bioreactors. The...

Abstract Metal‐containing polymers represent an ever‐expanding frontier of material science. Of the numerous biocompatible ligands used to create a metallopolymer, piperazine‐containing are still in their early development, even though piperazine is common functional group drug design and bioengineering scaffolding elements. We report first synthesis characterization (with NMR, IR, GPC, UV–vis spectroscopy, thermal analysis) two thermoplastic poly(alkyl succinate) diols with either propyl or...

Engineering of a tissue construct that mimics native tissue’s form and function requires mimicry the material, chemical, morphological properties target tissue. Matching these very makes fabrication composite structure challenging. The authors present collection techniques used to create multilayer three-dimensional soft-tissue constructs with high-resolution interlayer registration individually printed two-dimensional patterns. These include bioreactor platform integrating...

Engineering a tissue construct which mimics native tissue's form and function requires mimicry of the material, chemical, morphological properties target tissue. However, depending on tissue, matching these very make fabrication composite structure challenging. Here we discuss collection techniques allow us to create threedimensional soft constructs comprised multiple layers hydrogels with high inter-layer registration. These include custom bioreactor platform integrated NRL's Biological...

In response to damage, stress and cell death cardiac muscle undergoes remodeling in which cardiomyocytes de-differentiate re-differentiate. An understanding of the mechanisms involved this process may lead therapies promote enhance repair damaged tissue. However, due complexity native environments, it is hard investigate directly on tissues isolated from body. Therefore, important construct a cell-culture model that will replicate most relevant characteristics tissue controlled environments...

Abstract Linear polyenes are an important class of compounds containing two or more alternating carbon‐carbon double and single bonds that soluble primarily in organic non‐polar solvents. However, determining the relative basicity unsubstituted experimentally has proven to be challenging practice because such studies require mixing polyene‐organic solvent mixtures with high concentrations moderately polar acids. In this study, we used both computational experimental approaches calculate...