A5043018676- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Myxozoan Parasites in Aquatic Species
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
University of Stirling
2015-2024
Leeds General Infirmary
2024
University of Rochester
2020-2024
Harvard University
2024
United States Geological Survey
2023
University of Birmingham
2019-2023
University of Rochester Medical Center
2022
Canandaigua VA Medical Center
2022
University of California, Davis
1972-2019
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
2007-2017
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, has traditionally circulated in Africa and Asia, causing human febrile illness accompanied by severe, chronic joint pain. In Africa, epidemic emergence of CHIKV involves the transition from an enzootic, sylvatic cycle involving arboreal mosquito vectors nonhuman primates, into urban where peridomestic mosquitoes transmit among humans. however, appears to circulate only endemic, cycle. Recently, emerged Indian Ocean subcontinent cause...
The replication of the 50 to 60 latent, predominantly extrachromosomal, Epstein-Barr virus genomes maintained by Burkitt-lymphoma-derived Raji cell line was investigated using a Meselson-Stahl density transfer approach. Samples DNA isolated from cells cultivated for different periods in bromodeoxyuridine-supplemented medium were fractionated according density, and distribution viral cellular DNAs among heavy-, hybrid-, light-density species quantitated. results indicate that majority latent...
SUMMARY The effect of interferon on expression Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) early gene functions was investigated. ‘early antigen’ synthesis which follows either EBV superinfection established lymphoid cell lines or 5′-iododeoxyuridine activation the intrinsic genomes harboured by these cells could be suppressed with interferon. In contrast, spontaneous antigen that occurs in a few per cent producer not blocked tested differed their ability to acquire an antiviral state after exposure Several...
Transfer RNAs (sRNA) are key participants in the elaborate biological process that assures assembly of uniquely sequenced polypeptide chains. They impart specificity to protein synthesis at two levels: first involves adaptation different amino acids chemical forms complementary language genetic code, while second actual reading coded message. Both these functions sRNA must obviously depend upon sensitive and highly specific interactions between molecules certain enzymes. For function, is...
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the mosquito-borne alphavirus that etiologic agent of massive outbreaks arthralgic febrile illness recently affected millions people in Africa and Asia. The only CHIKV vaccine has been tested humans, strain 181/clone 25, a live-attenuated derivative Southeast Asian human isolate AF15561. was immunogenic phase I II clinical trials; however, it induced transient arthralgia 8% vaccinees. There are five amino acid differences between its parent, as well synonymous...
A high-density fraction of high-molecular-weight DNA was isolated from the human lymphoid cell line Raji. This contains 50 to 60 virus genome equivalents Epstein-Barr per cell, and 10-fold enriched in such viral sequences. Sedimentation analysis on neutral glycerol gradients, followed by hybridization experiments with complementary RNA, showed that most intracellular sequences this material did not cosediment cellular DNA, but were recovered as two distinct species sedimentation coefficients...
STEM PhDs increasingly contribute to commercial science, such as patenting. We analyze faculty’s role in training PhD students new inventors on patents at leading research universities, emphasizing the drivers of gender differences. ...STEM are a critical source human capital economy, contributing well academic science. examine whether become (file their first patent) during doctoral top 25 U.S. ...
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes major epidemics of rash, fever, and debilitating arthritis. Currently, there are no vaccines or antivirals available for prevention treatment. We therefore generated 2 live-attenuated vaccine candidates based on the insertion picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence into genome CHIKV. Vaccination cynomolgus macaques with single dose either produced signs disease but was highly immunogenic. After challenge...
Aquaculture systems are highly complex, dynamic and interconnected influenced by environmental, biological, cultural, socio-economic human behavioural factors. Intensification of aquaculture production is likely to drive indiscriminate use antibiotics treat or prevent disease increase productivity, often compensate for management husbandry deficiencies. Surveillance monitoring antibiotic usage (ABU) resistance (ABR) lacking absent. Consequently, there knowledge gaps the risk ABR emergence...
The eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) complex consists of four distinct genetic lineages: one that circulates in North America (NA EEEV) and the Caribbean three circulate Central South (SA EEEV). Differences their geographic, pathogenic, epidemiologic profiles prompted evaluation diversity evolutionary histories. structural polyprotein open reading frames all available SA EEEV recent NA isolates were sequenced used phylogenetic analyses. nucleotide substitution rate per year for (1.2 x...
Antiviral compounds that increase the resistance of host tissues represent an attractive class therapeutic. Here, we show squalamine, a compound previously isolated from dogfish shark ( Squalus acanthias) and sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus) , exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against human pathogens, which were studied in vitro as well vivo. Both RNA- DNA-enveloped viruses are shown to be susceptible. The proposed mechanism involves capacity cationic amphipathic sterol, neutralize...
SUMMARY Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is usually obtained from supernatant fluids of cultures primate lymphoblastoid cells. The isolation small amounts particles large vol. culture fluid offers particular problems because the osmotic fragility herpes viruses, and attempts to concentrate biologically active EBV by zonal centrifuging in solutions containing sucrose have been unsuccessful. It shown here that can be conveniently concentrated with polyethylene glycol. biological activity retained, as...
Journal Article Pseudomonas M162 confers protection against rainbow trout fry syndrome by stimulating immunity Get access T.L. Korkea‐aho, Korkea‐aho Institute of Aquaculture, University Stirling, UKAnimal Health and Welfare Unit, Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Helsinki, Finland Tiina Animal Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Finland. E‐mail: tiina.korkea‐aho@evira.fi Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Papadopoulou, Papadopoulou UK J. Heikkinen, Heikkinen...
Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphaviruses are important re-emerging arboviruses that cause life-threatening disease in equids during epizootics as well spillover human infections. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VEE by sequencing the genomes 94 strains and performing phylogenetic analyses 130 isolates using complete open reading frames for nonstructural structural polyproteins. Our confirmed purifying selection major mechanism influencing evolution these viruses...
Introduction Aeromonads are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and several species opportunistic pathogens of fish. Disease losses caused by motile Aeromonas species, particularly hydrophila , can be challenging intensive aquaculture, such as at striped catfish ( Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ) farms Vietnam. Outbreaks require antibiotic treatments, but their application is undesirable due to risks posed resistance. Vaccines an attractive prophylactic they must protect against the prevalent...