A5042831125- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Solar Energy Systems and Technologies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Phase Change Materials Research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Heat Transfer and Optimization
- Adsorption and Cooling Systems
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
- Radiative Heat Transfer Studies
- Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Multiferroics and related materials
Government College University, Lahore
2014-2024
National University of Medical Sciences
2024
Combined Military Hospital
2024
King Saud University
2013-2022
Georgia Institute of Technology
2021-2022
University of Maryland, College Park
2016-2021
Physical Sciences (United States)
2021
Government College University, Faisalabad
2018
Kyung Hee University
2017
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
2017
Abstract Spacecraft observations made near 1 AU show that both core and halo solar wind electrons exhibit temperature anisotropies appear to be regulated by marginal electromagnetic electron cyclotron instability condition. In the literature, threshold conditions of this instability, operative for T ⊥ > ∥ , have been expressed as an inverse correlation between anisotropy, / parallel beta, β but such a relation was deduced on basis linear stability analysis combined with empirical fitting....
The heat flux instability is an electromagnetic mode excited by a relative drift between the protons and two-component core–halo electrons. most prominent application may be in association with solar wind where drifting electron velocity distributions are observed. somewhat analogous to electrostatic Buneman or ion-acoustic driven net bulk electrons, except that operates magnetized plasmas possesses transverse polarization. also distinct from counterpart it requires two species drifts each...
Abstract Protons and electrons observed in the solar wind possess temperature anisotropies for which upper lower bounds appear to be partially regulated by marginal conditions associated with various kinetic plasma instabilities. Such features are most clearly seen when a collection of measurements is plotted as two-dimensional histogram <?CDATA $({\beta }_{\parallel },{T}_{\perp }/{T}_{\parallel })$?> phase space. While partial outer boundaries such data distribution may well explained...
ABSTRACT The solar wind plasma is characterized by unequal effective kinetic temperatures defined in perpendicular and parallel directions with respect to the ambient magnetic field. For electrons, excessive temperature anisotropy leads quasi-parallel electromagnetic electron cyclotron (or whistler) instability aperiodic electron-mirror oblique wave vectors. present paper carries out a direct side-by-side comparison of quasi-linear (QL) theory particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation combined...
Abstract This study explores the effects of nonthermal nonextensive particles on destabilization Alfvén-cyclotron (AC) modes in collisionless anisotropic non-equilibrium magnetized plasmas. We employ superextensive and subextensive Cairns-Tsallis distribution functions (CTDF) through two distinct theoretical frameworks: model-I (M-I) model-II (M-II). M-I delineates a temperature model that is invariant with respect to nonthermality nonextensivity, whereas M-II incorporates intrinsically...
Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by compression and irritation of the rotator cuff tendons beneath acromion, leading to pain, restricted range motion (ROM), functional impairment. Rehabilitation strategies such as kinetic chain exercises (KCE) isolated strengthening (IRCS) are commonly employed restore shoulder function alleviate symptoms. However, limited research directly compares their effectiveness in improving...
A number of different microinstabilities are known to be responsible for regulating the upper bound temperature anisotropies in solar wind protons, alpha particles, and electrons. In present paper, quasilinear kinetic theory is employed investigate time variation electron response excitation parallel firehose instability homogeneous non-collisional plasma under condition T∥e&gt;T⊥e. By assuming bi-Maxwellian form velocity distribution functions, various moments particle equation taken...
The present paper investigates the physics of electron firehose instability propagating parallel to direction ambient magnetic field vector, by means particle-in-cell simulation and macroscopic quasilinear kinetic theory. is excited when temperature exceeds perpendicular temperature, T∥e&gt;T⊥e, under high beta conditions. A recent [Sarfraz et al., Phys. Plasmas 24, 012907 (2017)] formulated theory assuming that proton velocity distribution functions can be approximately described...
ABSTRACT This paper formulates a velocity moment-based quasi-linear theory that combines the impacts of weakly unstable proton–cyclotron- (or, equivalently, electromagnetic ion cyclotron) and proton-mirror instabilities on solar wind plasma initially characterized by an excessive perpendicular proton temperature anisotropy. The present formalism is alternative to existing model in modes are analytical involves assumption weak growth rate and/or fluid-theoretical dispersion relation, place...
Abstract The dispersion properties and Landau damping rate of ion‐acoustic waves (IAWs) with the hybrid Cairns‐Tsallis distributed (CTD) electrons Maxwellian ions are investigated using plasma kinetic model based on Vlasov‐Poisson's equations. For both super‐extensive ( q < 1) sub‐extensive > plasmas, dielectric response function, real frequency, IAWs derived. By taking effect θ i , e (ion‐to‐electron temperature ratio) into account, it is found that increase ion temperature, frequency...
The most important unconventional source of uranium is found in phosphate deposits; unfortunately, nowadays its exploitation limited by economic constraints. concentrations ores the world vary regionally and countries with large deposits have either plant operation to extract or are at stage pilot extraction plants. aim this investigation evaluate content Saudi for, least, two reasons: firstly, upgrading quality removing order reduce radioactivity fertilizer products. Secondly, getting...
Abstract In dilute space plasmas, especially in the solar wind, microinstabilities are regarded as a major candidate to regulate unchecked rise temperature anisotropy near Earth orbit. The present paper considers parallel electron firehose mode, which is driven unstable under condition of excessive along ambient magnetic field, that is, T ∥ e > ⊥ . study assumes bi‐Maxwellian model wind species comprising ions, core, and halo components and, addition, allowing their temperatures evolve...
In situ observations reveal the existence of electron velocity distribution function in solar wind, where net can be modelled by a combination core, halo and strahl. These components often possess relative drift with respective temperature anisotropies. The between core leads to heat flux (HF) instability, while anisotropies drive electromagnetic electron-cyclotron (EMEC) instability. instabilities have been separately studied literature, but for first time, present study combines both...
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique has been applied to investigate two different types of bacteria, Escherichia coli (B1) and Micrococcus luteus (B2) deposited on glass slides using Spectrolaser 7000. LIBS spectra were analyzed spectrolaser software. spectrum substrate was compared with bacteria spectra. Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, S, Cl, Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, C, H CN-band appeared in bacterial samples air. Two carbon lines at 193.02 nm, 247.88 nm one hydrogen line 656.28 intensity ratios...
Tests were performed at the particle-based CSP test facility King Saud University to demonstrate a viable solution overcome limitations of using molten salt as working medium in power plants. The KSU is composed heliostat field, particle heating receiver (PHR) top tower, thermal energy storage (TES) bin, particle-to-working fluid heat exchanger (PWFHX), cycle (microturbine), and lift. During pre-commissioning, substantial portion collected solar was lost during flow through TES bin....