The objective of this review article is to overview technology, clinical evidence, and future applications date optical coherence tomography (OCT) probes yield the diagnostic purpose. We have reviewed designing, construction working different categories OCT developed for diagnostics having a potential non invasive improved detection types cancer as well other neoplasm. Rotational balloon catheters, imaging needles hand-held, linear scanning, multichannel, micro electro mechanical systems...

Abstract Genetic programming (GP) has been primarily used to tackle optimization, classification, and feature selection related tasks. The widespread use of GP is due its flexible comprehensible tree‐type structure. Similarly, research also gaining momentum in the field image processing, because promising results over vast areas applications ranging from medical processing multispectral imaging. Image mainly involved such as computer vision, pattern recognition, compression, storage,...

Abstract Kinetic theory of electron acoustic waves (EAWs) in the presence wave angular momentum has been derived to study effect on propagation EAWs a non‐Maxwellian plasma. Both types electrons (hot and cool) are modeled as Kappa‐distributed velocity distribution functions. The is also applied Saturn's magnetosphere where these kinds functions commonly found. It seen that model significant existence regions weakly damped. studied by defining parameter η = k /( l q θ ), which ratio planar...

In this work, the analysis of group-velocity dispersion (GVD) effects alone as well interactive and nonlinearity single mode fiber on super Gaussian pulse for different widths is presented, both in normal anomalous regimes. Fiber attenuation, dispersive nonlinear are analyzed. For analysis, Split-step Fourier based numerical solution Schrodinger equation used. Results exhibit that peak power decreases narrower pulse, i.e. disperses more drastically smaller values width. From these results,...

Genetic Programming (GP) has been primarily used to tackle optimization, classification, and feature selection related tasks. The widespread use of GP is due its flexible comprehensible tree-type structure. Similarly, research also gaining momentum in the field Image Processing, because promising results over vast areas applications ranging from medical Processing multispectral imaging. mainly involved such as computer vision, pattern recognition, image compression, storage, diagnostics....

We report the use of M-mode swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for measuring sodium chloride (NaCl) salt concentrations in liquid phantoms and drawn whole blood based on temporal dynamics light scattering. The Brownian motion scattering particle is affected due to change viscosity liquid. An autocorrelation function was determined from power spectrum SS-OCT signal then fit by mono double exponential obtain decorrelation time. These translational times corresponding diffusion...

Kinetic theory has been applied to study the damping characteristics of dust ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) in a dusty plasma comprising q ‐non‐extensive distributed electrons and ions, while particles are considered extensive following Maxwellian velocity distribution function. It is found that results three‐dimensional function more accurate compared one‐dimensional The numerical solution dispersion relation carried out effect non‐extensivity parameter on dispersion, rate, range values...

We report the results of 5 channels, 40 Gb/s/channel WDM system with significant launch power in presence fiber nonlinearities, by propagating intensity modulated CSRZ pulse train through standard SMF. These show that traditional approach complete dispersion compensation using DCF just after each SMF span is not necessarily optimum choice for better performance. Rather, performance optical links highly depends on percent at different location DCFs. investigations demonstrate practical...

Results of tan-hyperbolic pulse propagation in dispersion dominant regime as well the simultaneous presence fiber loss, and self-phase modulation single mode are presented, both for initially un-chirped chirped cases. Split-step Fourier model nonlinear Schrodinger equation was used this purpose. clearly show that nonlinearity, by increasing steepness parameter, first undergoes compression then it goes on broadening with propagated distance. also higher value if initial chirp decreasing, peak...

Relying on the kinetic description, electron-plasma (EP) waves carrying distinct orbital angular momentum (OAM) states are investigated in q-nonextensive plasma consisting of inertial electrons with static background positive ions. Deriving an expression for dielectric response function, dispersion relation and Landau damping frequencies analyzed both analytically numerically. It is found that weakly damped regions EP strongly depend non-extensivity (q) twist (η) parameters. The presence...

Abstract The linear properties of the low‐frequency ion‐acoustic (IA) waves are studied in a collisionless magnetoplasma using both fluid and kinetic descriptions presence particle shear flows field‐aligned currents. Two different compositions plasmas such as analyzed under drift approximation plan wave solution. Calculating generalized dispersion function, shear‐modified IA investigated with various limiting cases. In contrast, relying on treatment, dielectric response function is also...

We present the results of investigations hyperbolic-secant pulse by propagating it through single mode fiber for optical communication. For this purpose, we propagate hyperbolic secant fiber. Split-step Fourier model is used to implement nonlinear Schrodinger equation that governs propagation pulse. Results show an un-chirped pulse, spread increases including nonlinearity in normal dispersion regime. It means GVD and support each other regime leading more degradation. Whereas, illustrate...

Results of cosh-Gaussian pulse propagation in dispersion dominant regime single mode fiber are presented. Split-step Fourier model for nonlinear Schrodinger equation was used to obtain these results. The comparison degradation versus simple Gaussian is provided. results clearly show that experiences less broadening with a the same propagated distance and other parameters. These studies useful have which always desired optical communications.

The results for nonlinear propagation characteristics un-chirped and chirped super-exponential pulses are presented using single mode fiber (SMF). system was modeled split-Step Fourier algorithm to solve Schrodinger equation that includes the effects as loss, linear dispersion self-phase modulation. These clearly show pulse with negatively induced chirp broadens more than pulse, whereas positively first compression occurs then experiences broadening. We have shown recovery of at 20 mW a...

Abstract Shear flow instability is studied in multi-component plasma. The excitation of low frequency electrostatic instabilities a collision less plasmas two system species (H+, O+, e − ) and (H , studied. Inertialess electrons follow the Boltzmenian distribution. massive ions (oxygen) light (hydrogen) provide inertia. Light may be both positive hydrogen as well negative ions. Many authors have generally neglected concentration oxygen plasma ionosphere, but we pointed out that impurity...