Aim. The significance of the problem origin and selection animals for practice is that by studying main stages formation modern domestic in past, scientists breeders develop even more effective methods improving existing breeds targeted changes their hereditary properties purebred breeding, using hybridization biotechnological technologies. Methods. Using archaeological, morphological, biochemical genetic research methods, managed to establish karyotype genome wild European wolf dog....

За останні роки в Україні галузь бджільництва вступила нову якісну фазу свого розвитку умовах фермерських господарств і родинних пасік. По даним держкомстату нараховують 1,5 млн. бджолиних сімей запилювально-медового напряму виробництва. Крім запилення зернових зернобобових сільскогосподарських культур, з допомогою них отримують традиційні продукти – мед, віск, біологічно активні речовини (прополіс, маточне молочко, квітковий пилок, бджолину отруту), які користується великим попитом у...

Aim. Identifying problems and approaches to dog breeding that emphasize the importance of quality parents hereditary factors in determining offspring's quality. Methods. Theoretical review inbreeding its impact on gene pool breeding, comparing it with outbreeding, exploring natural selection mechanisms their influence animal reproduction. Results. The paper discusses principles selecting breeders provides recommendations for avoiding mating dogs deficiencies a particular trait. It also...

Aim. In the current situation of Russia's military invasion Ukraine, national security, territorial integrity and state sovereignty are extremely important for country's dog services. The benefits using dogs much greater than costs their maintenance training. Dogs search explosive devices, missing soldiers remains, detain criminals, guard facilities. Different breeds service preferred each special task. Purpose: to study methods training different detection by scent trail analyse certain...

The liver is the central link of metabolic distribution almost all drugs and xenobiotics (foreign substances). In most cases, this process carried out without damage to itself or other organs. However, some substances are toxic produce metabolites that cause in a uniform, dose-dependent manner. addition, agents form fairly byproduct can damage. formation metabolite hepatocyte will lead direct cell with disruption intracellular function an indirect effect through immune-mediated membrane...

Dog breeding is one of the oldest occupations on earth, as dog first living creature from wild that was domesticated by our ancestors approximately 12-15 thousand years before Christ. The animal among primitive tribes in Europe grey European wolf, which many indigenous, transitional and factory breeds have evolved through process selection domestication. Genetic studies wolf genome proven ancestor modern breeds. And today, age powerful scientific development production environmentally...

Aim. Determine the features of appearance, clinical signs and fatal risks in Irish setters with hereditary gluten enteropathy. Methods. The methods used were observation, eye examination, autopsy, histological. Results. It has been established that enteropathy there are violations parameters weak ability to train, fulminant chronic forms damage intestinal wall by type enteropathy, anaphylactic reactions cerebral disorders. In dead setters, causes death hypovolemic shock due bleeding combined...

The article presents the results of determining influence live weight primiparous cows from fertilization to first 100 days lactation on subsequent milk productivity. study was conducted Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, which are kept at breeding plant State Enterprise “Hontarivka” Chuguyiv district Kharkiv region. During experiment, various technological regimes changes in body during studied. main parameters studied were stages fertilization, after calving and lactation, as well...

The morphogenetic period is the most important of ontogenesis, highest activity genes that provide fundamental foundation and development main systems body. Breeding changes always begin with genetic change course are realized in phenotype. Thus, at level phenotype selection plays an role. path from gene to trait a major problem developmental biology. study was carried out on fetuses, embryos newborn piglets large white, Landrace Mirgorod breed. animal organism integral structure, where all...

Aim. The decisive factor in the transformation of pig was domestication, that is, changes as a result domestication and breeding an artificial environment. phylogenesis pigs carried out – wild boar (Sus scrofa ferus) primitive domestic aboriginal, well adapted to local conditions. This is fairly productive large-sized greasy-type breed specialized modern light-type domestica). Modern research shows process evolution animals, particular pig, role mutations quite small, because it very rare...

Aim. Determination of the peculiarities formation constitutional types in ontogenesis animals modern large white breed pigs comparison with wild european boar (Sus scrofa ferus) is a form breeding process, that has both theoretical and practical significance. Methods. The objects study are embryos, fetuses, newborns adult different periods using zootechnical, morphological mathematical-statistic methods research. Results. Individual development can be conventionally divided into two main...

Aim. Out of 8 thousand species mammals, dog is the first domesticated animal. Archaeologists studying process human evolution and producing excavations ancient sites, found bones animals, which man ate also bone remains animals that lived near sites. Wolf was animal primitive tribes. This began in Mesolithic era 12–15 years ago. Due to domestication wolf population many indigenous, transitional other breeds dogs appeared. Methods. Using morphological, biochemical genetic methods research...

Aim. To study the phylogenetic regularities of has evolutional process in animal domestication been object research. cover materials ancient Tripilskiy Settlement (Luka-Vrublivetska, Usatovo, Prychornomorye) task our Methods. Archeological (skeletons wild and domestic animals), zootechnical (measures, parameters, indices) comparative anatomic (skull, bones, muscles, internal organs), immune genetic (blood group, protein polymorphism) were methods. Results. Ancestors animals habited on large...

Pig breeding genetic resources are constantly threatened by haphazard crossbreeding, lack of strategy and programs, violation quarantine measures weak protection against infectious diseases. The state the gene pool is influenced such factors as intensification production, replacement domestic breeds with more productive foreign ones, without taking into account forage, climatic environmental conditions. development pig based on use highly types pigs in process, well latest achievements...

Aim. To identify the phylogenetic changes of evolutionary process in historical aspect pig domestication. Domestication is transformation wild animals into domestic animals. The main role this belongs to artificial selection, especially its destabilizing form. Undoubtedly, as a result form wide phenotypic variation appears domesticated populations. Methods. Using archaeological, morphological, biochemical, genetic and zootechnical methods investigation, we were able establish morphological...

As a result of evolution, gradual change in the hereditary structure species, not only number genes changes, but also their properties, frequency, and direction variability. Changes gene frequencies occurring over relatively small period time belong to microevolution. The breeding process pig is microevolutionary processes originating from ancestral forms Sus scrofa modern specialized breeds pigs. Genetic monitoring genetic systems blood groups makes it possible assess populations....