A5070033688- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Transportation Planning and Optimization
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Offshore Engineering and Technologies
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Space exploration and regulation
- Disaster Response and Management
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
- Environmental and Air Quality Management
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories
2010-2025
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2010-2024
University of Miami
2006
Naval Postgraduate School
2006
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
2006
Colorado State University
2006
In 2005, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division (HRD), part of the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, began a multiyear experiment called Intensity Forecasting Experiment (IFEX). By emphasizing partnership among HRD, Environmental Modeling Center (EMC), National (NHC), Aircraft Operations (AOC), Satellite Data Information Service (NESDIS), IFEX represents new approach for conducting hurricane field program operations. is intended to improve prediction tropical cyclone (TC)...
Extratropical transition (ET) is the process by which a tropical cyclone, upon encountering baroclinic environment and reduced sea surface temperature at higher latitudes, transforms into an extratropical cyclone. This influenced by, influences, phenomena from tropics to midlatitudes meso- planetary scales extents that vary between individual events. Motivated in part recent high-impact and/or extensively observed events such as North Atlantic Hurricane Sandy 2012 western Pacific Typhoon...
An update of the progress achieved as part NOAA Intensity Forecasting Experiment (IFEX) is provided. Included a brief summary noteworthy aircraft missions flown in years since 2005, first year IFEX flights occurred, well description research and development activities that directly address three primary goals: 1) collect observations span tropical cyclone (TC) life cycle variety environments for model initialization evaluation; 2) develop refine measurement strategies technologies provide...
This study is an observational analysis of the inner-core structure, sea surface temperature, outflow layer, and atmospheric boundary layer intense tropical cyclone whose intensity structure consistent with recent numerical theoretical predictions superintense storms. The findings suggest new scientific challenges for current understanding hurricanes. Unprecedented observations category-5 Hurricane Isabel (2003) were collected during 12–14 September. two-part article reports novel dynamic...
Abstract Since 1997, the Tropical Prediction Center and Hurricane Research Division have conducted operational synoptic surveillance missions with a Gulfstream IV-SP jet aircraft to improve numerical forecast guidance. Due limited resources, optimal observing strategies for these must be developed. In current study, most rapidly growing modes are represented by areas of large spread in NCEP bred-vector ensemble forecasting system. The sampling strategy requires entire target region regularly...
DOTSTAR (Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region) is an international research program conducted by meteorologists in partnered with scientists at Hurricane Research Division (HRD) and National Centers Environmental Prediction (NCEP) of Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The experiment based on successful surveillance missions Atlantic NOAA's Gulfstream-IV jet aircraft. During experiment, GPS dropwindsondes are released from a aircraft flying above...
Abstract Starting from 2003, a new typhoon surveillance program, Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region (DOTSTAR), was launched. During 2004, 10 missions eight typhoons were conducted successfully with 155 dropwindsondes deployed. In this study, impact of these dropwindsonde data on tropical cyclone track forecasts has been evaluated five models (four operational and one research models). All models, except Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)...
Abstract A unique dataset of targeted dropsonde observations was collected during The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) in the autumn 2008. campaign supplemented by an enhancement operational Dropsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near Taiwan Region (DOTSTAR) program. For first time, up to four different aircraft were available typhoon over 1500 additional soundings collected. This study investigates influence...
Abstract Hurricane Patricia was a historic tropical cyclone that broke many records, such as intensification rate, peak intensity, and overwater weakening during its brief 4-day lifetime in late October 2015 the eastern Pacific basin. confounded all of intensity forecast guidance owing to rapid changes. Fortunately, hurricane-penetrating National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration WP-3D U.S. Air Force C-130 aircraft Aeronautics Space WB-57 high-altitude jet, under support Office Naval...
In 1997, the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC) began operational Gulfstream-IV jet aircraft missions to improve numerical guidance for hurricanes threatening continental United States, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. During these missions, new generation of Global Positioning System dropwindsondes were released from at 150–200-km intervals along flight track in environment tropical cyclone obtain profiles wind, temperature, humidity level surface. The observations ingested into global model...
Since 1982, the Hurricane Research Division (HRD) has conducted a series of experiments with research aircraft to enhance number observations in environment and core hurricanes threatening United States. During these experiments, National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration WP-3D crews release Omega dropwindsondes (ODWs) at 15–20-min intervals along flight track obtain profiles wind, temperature, humidity between level sea surface. Data from ODWs are transmitted back then sent via satellite...
Statistical analyses of the most recent 40 yr hurricane tracks (1956–95) are presented, leading to a version North Atlantic climatology and persistence (CLIPER) model that exhibits much smaller forecast biases but similar errors compared previously used version. Changes involve inclusion more accurate historical tropical cyclone track data simpler derivation regression equations. Nonlinear systems analysis shows predictability timescale in which average increase by factor e is approximately...
Abstract Airborne adaptive observations have been collected for more than two decades in the neighborhood of tropical cyclones, to attempt improve short-range forecasts cyclone track. However, only simple subjective strategies used, and utility objective remains unexplored. Two techniques that used extensively midlatitude observing programs, current strategy based on ensemble deep-layer mean (DLM) wind variance, are compared quantitatively using metrics. The transform Kalman filter (ETKF)...
The typhoon surveillance program Dropwindsonde Observations for Typhoon Surveillance near the Taiwan Region (DOTSTAR) has been conducted since 2003 to obtain dropwindsonde observations around tropical cyclones Taiwan. In addition, an international field project Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) in which were obtained by both reconnaissance flights was summer 2008 same region. this study, impact of data on track...
Abstract This study compares six different guidance products for targeted observations over the northwest Pacific Ocean 84 cases of 2-day forecasts in 2006 and highlights unique dynamical features affecting tropical cyclone (TC) tracks this basin. The include three types based on total-energy singular vectors (TESVs) from global models, ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) a multimodel ensemble, deep-layer mean (DLM) wind variance, adjoint-derived sensitivity steering vector (ADSSV)....
Abstract Within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Hurricane Research Division of Atlantic Oceanographic Meteorological Laboratory has developed Weather Forecasting (HWRF) Ensemble Data Assimilation System (HEDAS) to assimilate hurricane inner-core observations for high-resolution vortex initialization. HEDAS is based on a serial implementation square root ensemble Kalman filter. HWRF configured with horizontal grid spacing km outer/inner domains. In this preliminary study,...
In 1976 and 1977, the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration purchased two customized WP-3D (P-3) aircraft to conduct tropical cyclone (TC) research. During their first 30 years, P-3s have proved be invaluable research platforms, obtaining data at micro- synoptic scale, with missions conducted in 134 TCs Atlantic eastern Pacific Oceans near Australia. Analyses of observations led many new insights about TC structure, dynamics, thermodynamics, environmental interactions. The real-time...
A numerical method for analysing and forecasting a wide range of horizontal scales motion is tested in barotropic hurricane track forecast model. The uses cubic B-spline representations variables on nested domains. spline representation used the objective analysis observations solution prediction equations (shallow-water Mercator projection). This system referred to as VICBAR (Vic Ooyama model). model was near real time during 1989 1990 Atlantic seasons. For season, had skill comparable to,...
Abstract Dropwindsonde, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-11 (GOES-11) rapid-scan atmospheric motion vectors, and NASA Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) near-surface wind data collected during NASA’s Tropical Cloud Systems Processes (TCSP) field experiment in July 2005 were assimilated into an advanced research version of the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model using its three-dimensional variational assimilation (3DVAR) system. The impacts mesoscale on WRF numerical...
An unprecedented dataset of category-5 Hurricane Isabel was collected on 12–14 September 2003. This two-part series focuses novel dynamical and thermodynamical aspects Isabel's innercore structure 13 September. In Part I, using a composite dropwindsonde in situ aircraft data, the authors suggested that axisymmetric showed storm superintense. Mesocyclones seen clearly satellite imagery within eye are hypothesized to mix high-entropy air at low levels into eyewall, stimulating explosive...
Abstract In 1997, the National Hurricane Center and Research Division began operational synoptic surveillance missions with Gulfstream IV-SP jet aircraft to improve numerical guidance for hurricanes that threaten continental United States, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Hawaii. During first 10 yr, 176 such were conducted. Global Positioning System dropwindsondes released from at 150–200-km intervals along flight track in environment of each tropical cyclone obtain wind, temperature,...
Abstract The Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Ensemble Data Assimilation System (HEDAS) is developed to assimilate tropical cyclone inner-core observations for high-resolution vortex initialization. It based on a serial implementation of the square root ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). In this study, HWRF used in an experimental configuration with horizontal grid spacing 9 (3) km outer (inner) domain. HEDAS applied 83 cases from years 2008 2011. With exception two Hilary...
Abstract Previous studies have found surprisingly strong vertical motions in low levels of some tropical cyclones. In this study, all available dropsondes (12 000) within cyclones during 1997–2013 are examined, order to create a dataset the most extreme updrafts (10 m s−1; 169 sondes) and wind speeds (90 64 sondes). It is shown that low-level (0–3 km) ubiquitous intense (category 4 5) cyclones, few such been observed weaker storms. These updrafts, which almost exclusively eyewall just inward...
About 13% of all Atlantic basin tropical cyclone forecasts issued from 1976 to 2000 are for landfalls along the United States coastline, and 2% more storms forecast make landfall in but that remain at sea. Landfall position time skillful periods than track as a whole, within 30 h predicted landfall, timing errors demonstrate an early bias 1.5–2.5 h. most accurate moving oblique or normal angles coastline slow-moving storms. During last quarter century, after adjustment difficulty, no...
Abstract NOAA has been gathering high-resolution, flight-level dropwindsonde and airborne Doppler radar data in tropical cyclones for almost three decades; the U.S. Air Force routinely obtained same type quality of data, excepting radar, most that time. The have used operational diagnosis research, and, starting 2013, assimilated into regional cyclone models. This study is an effort to quantify impact assimilating these a version Hurricane Weather Research Forecasting model using ensemble...