Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging novel fluorescent sensing nanomaterials owing to their tunable optical properties, biocompatibility, and eco-friendliness. Herein, we report a facile one-pot hydrothermal route for the synthesis of highly green CDs using gallic acid (GA) as single carbon source in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, which serves nitrogen reaction medium. The properties synthesized GA-DMF were systematically characterized by UV–vis photoluminescence spectroscopy, revealing...

Introduction: This research delves into the comprehensive characterization and comparative analysis of platinum (Pt)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) TiO2 nanoparticle thin films by focusing on their potential for sensor applications. Method: encompasses a thorough exploration structural, morphological, optical, sensing properties these evaluates suitability performance in various scenarios. Results: It discusses synthesis methodology, techniques employed, experimental setups gas evaluations...

Pellet samples of 0–4% weight Ag ‐loaded WO 3 prepared through soft chemical route were sintered at 700°C and exposed to humidity. Resistance the pellets decreased with increase in relative Sensitivity increased % loading . Four percent showed maximum sensitivity 2.38 MΩ/% RH 20–90% humidity range. This sensing element manifests highest crystallinity as well void concentration. Hysteresis repeatability for this after 6 months are within ±2%. A polynomial fit humidification data revealed a...

This paper reports humidity sensing studies of pure WO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> and Ag doped prepared through soft chemical route. Prepared powders have been given pellet shape by applying pressure 350 MPa. Pellets annealed at temperatures 400°C-700°C. When exposed to humidity, resistance the pellets is found decrease with increase in relative (RH). Sensing element 700°C shows average sensitivity 2.14 M Ω/%RH...

Pellet samples of 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 weight % Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Odoped ZnO nanocomposites have been prepared through solid-state reaction route. These annealed at temperatures 200°C-500°C then exposed to humidity in a chamber. Resistance the pellets continuously decreased when relative chamber was increased from 10% 90%. The sample with 20% O doped showed best results sensitivity 4.78 MΩ/%RH for...

In the present investigation ZnO thin films have been prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique with different pH values. The effect of values precursor solution on crystal structural, morphological and humidity sensing properties nanostructures investigated using characterization technique. structure phase analysis has examined powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) PXRD pattern clearly revealed hexagonal wurtzite structure. average crystallite size calculated Scherer formula found to be ~24 nm...

In the context of shortage fossil fuel and environmental issue, this paper is aimed to determine performance emission characteristics a variable compression ratio diesel engine fueled with blends ethanol (20% v/v-E20).It observed that brake thermal efficiency (BTE) about 18% when E20 used as operated at full load condition.Brake specific consumption (BSFC) follows reverse trend BTE and, BSFC increases increase in blend content diesel; for 20% v/v ethanol-diesel higher than diesel.However,...

In this paper we report humidity sensing studies of undoped and SnO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> doped WO xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> . Sensitivity is 13.48 MΩ/%RH for -SnO nanocomposite. Hysteresis less than 3% Aging nanocomposite 5.7%. Activation energy conduction obtained from Arrhenius graph are 0.127 eV in 27°C to 200°C 0.547 600°C temperature range Response time recovery sample 117 s 411...

Paper reports morphological and relative humidity sensing studies of ZnO-TiO 2 nanocomposite powder pellets obtained through solid-state reaction route. When exposed to humidity, resistance decreases with increase in from 10-90%. Sensing element 15 weight % TiO ZnO shows best results maximum sensitivity 9.08 MΩ/%RH 10-90% range. This manifests smallest crystallite size 71 nm as measured XRD lowest grain 207 calculated SEM micrograph. has the value activation energy, hence higher electronic...

Paper reports a resistive type humidity sensing studies of ZnO-SnO₂ nanocomposite powder pellets prepared through solid-state reaction route. When exposed to humidity, resistance decreases with increase in relative from 10 90%. Sensing element 25 weight% SnO₂ ZnO shows best results maximum sensitivity 1.25 M&Omega;/%RH 10- 90% range. This manifests smallest crystallite size 60 nm as measured XRD and lowest grain 92 calculated SEM micrograph. low hysteresis, less effect...

In this paper we report application of Cu2O doped ZnO composite prepared by solid state reaction route as humidity sensor. Pellet samples ZnO‐Cu2O nanocrystalline powders with 2, 5 and 10 weight% in have been prepared. Pellets annealed at temperatures 200–500° C exposed to humidity. It is observed that relative increases, resistance the pellet decreases for from 10% 90%. Sample 5% 500° shows best results sensitivity 1.50 MΩ/%RH. case hysteresis low reproducibility high, making it suitable...

ZnO metal oxide powder was prepared using co-precipitation method and the effect of sintering temperature studied. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique has been used to investigate crystal structure phase analysis. The wurtzite hexagonal clearly seen in PXRD pattern. Using Scherer’s formula, average crystallite size determined be between 27 37 nm. surface grown spherical nanoparticles with varying from ~100 nm ~200 nm, as shown scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photograph.

Solar cells have emerged as a promising alternative in the search for clean and renewable energy sources to address ever-increasing global demand. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films made by sol-gel process attracted lot of interest among numerous materials used solar cell applications. The efficiency with which sunlight is absorbed converted into electricity essential success conversion technology. extraordinary surface-tovolume ratio films, together their distinctive optical electrical...

This work reports a simple, quick and economical method to prepare WO3 nanomaterials. Prepared tungsten trioxide materials have been sintered at 700 degrees C for three hours. The material has studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Crystallite size of the nanostructures obtained Shearer's formula are between 12 72 nm their grain SEM from 20 105 nm. humidity-sensitive electrical properties nanomaterial using d.c. measurements.

Paper reports morphological and humidity sensing application of Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O doped ZnO composite prepared by solid state reaction. Pellet samples ZnO-Cu nanocrystalline powders with 5, 10, 15 20 weight % in have been prepared. These pellets annealed at temperatures 200-500°C. When exposed to humidity, it has observed that as relative increases, resistance the pellet decreases for entire range from...

Paper reports sensing studies of NO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> gas by WO xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> (prepared through sol-gel route) and Ag doped for operating temperatures 200°C, 250°C 300°C, concentration 0 to 100 ppm. Both pure show better sensitivity the temperature 200°C. both increase in value with increasing (ppm) . For ppm, element over increased 25% Response time sensors depend on...