A5072882426- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Sleep and related disorders
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Economic Theory and Policy
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
University of Pittsburgh
2013-2023
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
2008-2021
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
1996-2020
Nationwide Children's Hospital
2015-2016
Michigan State University
2015
The University of Melbourne
2013
American Psychiatric Association
2012-2013
University of Minnesota
1995-2013
Johns Hopkins University
2013
American Psychological Association
2012-2013
Objective: This report describes the participants and compares acute longer-term treatment outcomes associated with each of four successive steps in Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial. Method: A broadly representative adult outpatient sample nonpsychotic major depressive disorder received one (N=3,671) (N=123) steps. Those not achieving remission or unable tolerate a step were encouraged move next step. an acceptable benefit, preferably symptom remission,...
Objective The DSM-5 Field Trials were designed to obtain precise (standard error <0.1) estimates of the intraclass kappa as a measure degree which two clinicians could independently agree on presence or absence selected diagnoses when same patient was interviewed separate occasions, in clinical settings, and evaluated with usual interview methods. Method Eleven academic centers United States Canada selected, each assigned several target frequently treated that setting. Consecutive patients...
Data from rodent studies indicate that cumulative stress exposure may accelerate senescence and offer a theory to explain differences in the rate of aging. Cumulative glucocorticoids causes hippocampal defects, resulting an impairment ability terminate glucocorticoid secretion at end and, therefore, increased which, turn, further decreases hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis recover challenge. However, consensus emerging reviews human is basal corticotropic function unaffected by aging,...
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5) marks the first significant revision publication since DSM‐IV in 1994. Changes to DSM were largely informed by advancements neuroscience, clinical public health need, identified problems with classification system criteria put forth DSM‐IV. Much decision‐making was also driven a desire ensure better alignment International Classification Diseases its upcoming 11th edition (ICD‐11). In this paper, we describe...
<h3>Context</h3> Numerous studies have pointed to the failure of prophylaxis with pharmacotherapy alone in treat ment bipolar I disorder. Recent investigations demonstrated benefits from addition psychoeducation or psychotherapy this population. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare 2 psychosocial interventions: interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) an intensive clinical management (ICM) approach treatment <h3>Design</h3> Randomized controlled trial involving 4 strategies: acute...
When there exists no single source of information (informant) to validly measure a characteristic, it is typically recommended that data from multiple informants be used. In psychiatric assessment and research, however, often provide discordant data, which further confuse the measurement. Strategies such as arbitrarily choosing one informant or using all separately generate problems. This report proposes theory explain observed patterns interinformant discordance suggests new approach...
OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the neurobiological basis of poor sleep and daytime fatigue in insomnia. METHOD: [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was used to assess regional cerebral glucose metabolism seven patients with insomnia 20 healthy subjects. RESULTS: Compared subjects, showed greater global during while awake, a smaller decline relative from waking states wake-promoting regions, reduced prefrontal cortex awake. CONCLUSIONS: Subjectively disturbed is...
This study sought to determine whether a set of symptoms interpreted as complicated grief could be identified and distinguished from bereavement-related depression the presence would predict enduring functional impairments.Data were derived group 82 recently widowed elderly individuals recruited for an investigation physiological changes in bereaved persons. Baseline data collected 3-6 months after deaths subjects' spouses, follow-up 56 subjects 18 baseline assessments. Candidate items...
ContextElderly patients with major depression are at high risk for recurrence, increased mortality, and chronic disability.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of maintenance nortriptyline hydrochloride interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in preventing recurrence depressive episodes older than 59 years.DesignA 2×2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, stratified by therapist.SettingUniversity-based psychiatric research clinic.PatientsOf a total 187 recurrent nonpsychotic...
In recognition of the increasingly important role moderators and mediators in clinical research, clear definitions are sought two terms to avoid inconsistent, ambiguous, possibly misleading results across research studies.The criteria used define proposed by Baron & Kenny approach, which have been long social/behavioral directly compared recent MacArthur modified criteria.After clarifying differences between approaches, rationale for modifications is clarified implications design...
Objective Evidence concerning whether sleep disturbances in older adults predict mortality is mixed. However, data are limited to self-reported problems and may be confounded with other comorbidities. We examined electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters predicted survival time independently of known predictors all-cause mortality. Methods A total 185 healthy adults, primarily their 60s through 80s, no history mental illness, complaints, or current cognitive impairment, were enrolled one...
OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies are often used in psychiatric research as a basis of longitudinal inferences about developmental or disease processes. While the limitations such usage acknowledged, these understated. The authors describe how often, and sometimes seriously, misleading. METHOD: Why mislead here demonstrated on an intuitive level, by using simulated data inspired real problems research. >RESULTS: Four factors with major roles relationship between cross-sectional selection...