Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are a by-product normal cell metabolism in living organisms, is an inevitable consequence aerobic life on Earth, and halophytes no exception to this rule. The accumulation ROS elevated under different stress conditions, including salinity, due serious imbalance between their production elimination. These highly toxic and, the absence protective mechanisms, can cause oxidative damage lipids, proteins DNA, leading alterations redox state...

Water deficit (drought stress) massively restricts plant growth and the yield of crops; reducing deleterious effects drought is therefore high agricultural relevance. Drought triggers diverse cellular processes including inhibition photosynthesis, accumulation cell-damaging reactive oxygen species gene expression reprogramming, besides others. Transcription factors (TF) are central regulators transcriptional reprogramming many TF genes affected by drought, members NAC family. Here, we...

Inefficient chaperone activity in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes accumulation of unfolded proteins and is called ER stress, which triggers the protein response.For proper oxidative folding, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H 2 O are produced ER.Although role ROS during abiotic stresses salinity well documented, ER-related production its signalling not yet known.Moreover, how production, redox regulation, antioxidant defence affected salt-treated plants when protein-folding machinery...

Background and Aims Accumulation of unfolded proteins caused by inefficient chaperone activity in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is termed ‘ER stress’, it perceived a complex gene network. Induction these genes triggers response ‘unfolded protein response’ (UPR). If cell cannot overcome accumulation proteins, ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system induced to degrade those proteins. In addition other factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also produced during oxidative protein-folding...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of normal plant metabolism and their production is elevated under environmental stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, salinity. Among these, salinity a worldwide problem that impacts the fertility arable lands sustainability food security, which getting more attention due to climate change. Halophytes can survive reproduce in soils containing high concentrations salt have developed adaptation mechanisms at physiological, biochemical,...

Eutrema parvulum (synonym, Thellungiella parvula) is an extreme halophyte that thrives in high salt concentrations (100-150 mm) and closely related to Arabidopsis thaliana. The main aim of this study was determine how E. uses reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant systems redox regulation the electron transport system chloroplasts tolerate salinity.

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is an abiotic stress often experienced by soybean, owing to the low solubility of iron in alkaline soils. Here, soybean lines with contrasting Fe efficiencies were analyzed test hypothesis that efficiency trait linked antioxidative signaling via proper management tissue accumulation and transport, which turn influences regulation heme non containing enzymes involved uptake ROS scavenging. Inefficient plants displayed higher oxidative lower ferric reductase...

Hormesis, priming, and allostasis, three fields related to stress tolerance toxicity, have much say about reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, antioxidants. Among them, hormesis is a phenomenon that received attention in the last two decades, how toxic substances stressful conditions often biphasic dose-response curve, showing these beneficial effect at low doses. Another field, priming studies, has also been popular lately. H2O2 studies show H2O2, ROS, confers cross-tolerance...

Schrenkiella parvula, an Arabidopsis-related halophyte, grows around Lake Tuz (Salt) in Turkey and can survive up to 600 mM NaCl. Here, we performed physiological studies on the roots of S. parvula A. thaliana seedlings cultivated under a moderate salt condition (100 NaCl). Interestingly, germinated grew at 100 NaCl, but germination did not occur concentrations above 200 mM. In addition, primary elongated much faster while being thinner with fewer hair, than NaCl-free conditions....

Increased salinity in soil is one of the impacts climate change and a major problem for crop cultivation. Halophytes have ability to survive hypersaline environments, investigating their adaptation mechanisms effective imparting salt tolerance plants. Recently, we discovered strategy by extreme halophyte Schrenkiella parvula promote primary root elongation, morpho-physiological response that may be given access groundwater sources, while reducing meristem DNA replication, hair development,...

Plant roots exert hydrotropism in response to moisture gradients avoid drought stress. The regulatory mechanism underlying involves novel regulators such as MIZ1 and GNOM/MIZ2 well abscisic acid (ABA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ signaling. ABA, ROS, signaling are also involved plant responses Although the of gradient perception remains largely unknown, sensory apparatus has been reported reside root elongation zone rather than cap. In Arabidopsis roots, is mediated by action ABA...

The aim of the present study was to determine antioxidant system responses a xerophytic plant salinity and drought, which were not elucidated before. Physiological Gypsophila aucheri Boiss. investigated under (100 300 mM NaCl) drought (withholding watering) treatment for 2 weeks in controlled growth chamber. Besides (relative rate (RGR)), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) activities, SOD CAT isoenzymes activities...

Stress conditions generate an extra load on protein folding machinery in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and if ER cannot overcome this load, unfolded proteins accumulate lumen, causing stress. lumen localised disulfide isomerase (PDI) catalyses generation of bonds conjugation with oxidoreductase1 (ERO1) during folding. Mismatched are reduced by conversion GSH to GSSG. Under prolonged stress, pool is oxidised H2O2 produced via increased activity PDI-ERO1. However, it not known how glutathione...

Abstract Achieving food security and sustainable production is a major challenge for plant scientists. To accomplish this, the global needs not only to be remarkably boosted, but it has achieved under harsh environmental conditions. Moreover, climate change scenarios estimate an enhanced pressure on crop yields in upcoming decades. C 4 photosynthesis highly promising meet these challenges production. Under current CO 2 levels, more efficient than 3 photosynthesis, data needed map out its...