A5082505089- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Climate variability and models
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Climate change and permafrost
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Geological formations and processes
- Scientific Computing and Data Management
- Marine and environmental studies
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- 3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
2015-2025
Abstract. Observations and models agree that the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) has decreased since end of 1990s due to an increase in meltwater runoff this trend will accelerate future. However, large uncertainties remain, partly different approaches for modelling GrIS SMB, which have weigh physical complexity or low computing time, spatial temporal resolutions, forcing fields, ice sheet topographies extents, collectively make inter-comparison difficult. Our SMB model...
Abstract The Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model (AWI‐CM) participates for the first time in Coupled Intercomparison Project (CMIP), CMIP6. sea ice‐ocean component, FESOM, runs on an unstructured mesh with horizontal resolutions ranging from 8 to 80 km. FESOM is coupled Max Planck atmospheric model ECHAM 6.3 at a resolution of about 100 Using objective performance indices, it shown that AWI‐CM performs better than average CMIP5 models. shows equilibrium climate sensitivity 3.2°C, which...
Abstract. In Antarctica, the presence of sea ice not only plays a critical role in climate system but also contributes to enhancing stability floating shelves. Hence, investigating past ice-proximal conditions, especially across glacial–interglacial cycles, can provide crucial information pertaining variability and deepen our understanding ocean–ice–atmosphere dynamics feedback. this study, we apply multiproxy approach, combination with numerical modeling, explore environmental variability....
Abstract. The Next Generation of Earth Modeling Systems (nextGEMS) project aimed to produce multi-decadal climate simulations, for the first time, with resolved kilometer-scale (km-scale) processes in ocean, land, and atmosphere. In only three years, nextGEMS achieved this milestone two km-scale system models, ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic model (ICON) Integrated Forecasting System coupled Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (IFS-FESOM). was based on cornerstones: 1) developing models small...
Coinciding with global warming, Arctic sea ice has rapidly decreased during the last four decades and climate scenarios suggest that may completely disappear summer within next about 50–100 years. Here we produce biomarker proxy records for penultimate glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 6) subsequent interglacial 5e). The latter is a time interval when high latitudes were significantly warmer than today. We document even under such conditions, existed in central Ocean summer, whereas was reduced...
Abstract The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is considered the major contributor to global sea level rise in Last Interglacial (LIG) and potentially future. Exposed fossil reef terraces suggest levels excess of 7 m last warm era, which probably not much more than 2 are originate from melting Greenland Sheet. We simulate evolution during LIG with a 3‐D thermomechanical ice sheet model forced by an atmosphere‐ocean general circulation (AOGCM). Our results show that high cannot be reproduced...
Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) mass loss has been accelerating at a rate of about 20 ± 10 Gt/yr2 since the end 1990's, with around 60 % this directly attributed to enhanced surface meltwater runoff. However, in climate and glaciology communities, different approaches exist on how model balance (SMB) components using: (1) complex physically-based models which are computationally expensive; (2) intermediate complexity energy models; (3) simple fast positive degree day base their...
SignificanceUnderstanding the drivers of South Asian monsoon intensity is pivotal for improving climate forecasting under global warming scenarios. Solar insolation assumed to be dominant driver variability in warm regimes, but this has not been verified by proxy data. We report a rainfall record spanning last ∼130 kyr Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river catchment. Our multiproxy data reveal that was weaker during Last Interglacial (130 115 ka)-despite higher insolation-than Holocene (11.6 ka...
Abstract We simulate the two Coupled Model Intercomparison Project scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, to assess effects of melt‐induced fresh water on Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). use a newly developed climate model with high resolution at coasts, resolving complex ocean dynamics. Our results show an AMOC recovery in simulations run without included ice sheet model. find that adds strong decadal variability freshwater release, resulting intervals which it reduces surface...
Abstract. The surface mass balance scheme dEBM (diurnal Energy Balance Model) provides a novel interface between the atmosphere and land ice for Earth system modeling, which is based on energy of glaciated surfaces. In contrast to empirical schemes, accounts changes in Earth’s orbit atmospheric composition. only requires monthly forcing (precipitation, temperature, shortwave longwave radiation, cloud cover). It also computationally inexpensive, makes it particularly suitable investigate...
Using transient climate forcing based on simulations from the Alfred Wegener Institute Earth System Model (AWI-ESM), we simulate evolution of Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) last interglacial (125 ka, kiloyear before present) to 2100 AD with Parallel (PISM). The impact paleoclimate, especially Holocene climate, present and future GrIS is explored. Our past show close agreement reconstructions respect recent timing peaks in ice volume Greenland. maximum minimum at around 18–17 ka 6–5 lag...
One of Earth’s most fundamental climate shifts, the greenhouse-icehouse transition 34 million years ago, initiated Antarctic ice sheet buildup, influencing global until today. However, extent during Early Oligocene Glacial Maximum (~33.7 to 33.2 ago) that immediately followed this transition—a critical knowledge gap for assessing feedbacks between permanently glaciated areas and early Cenozoic reorganization—is uncertain. In work, we present shallow-marine drilling data constraining earliest...
Abstract Climate change can influence sea surface conditions and the melting rates of ice sheets; resulting in decreased deep water formation ultimately affecting strength Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). As such, a detailed study interactive role dynamic sheets on AMOC therefore global climate is required. We utilize model combination with sheet to investigate changes North response Intergovernmental Panel Change scenarios for RCP4.5 RCP6. It demonstrated that inclusion...
Abstract Deglacial transitions of the middle to late Pleistocene (terminations) are linked gradual changes in insolation accompanied by abrupt shifts ocean circulation. However, reason these deglacial events so special compared with their sub-glacial-maximum analogues, particular respect exaggerated warming observed across Antarctica, remains unclear. Here we show that an increase relative importance salt versus temperature stratification glacial deep South Atlantic decreases potential...
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a crucial component of our climate system, influencing water mass formation and transformation. It driven by buoyancy fluctuations mixing within the column. AMOC often studied using models calculating strength indexes based on constant depth intervals (z-AMOC). However, at high latitudes, where deep forms in Atlantic, isopycnals are much steeper than subtropical regions. This means that z-AMOC framework may not fully capture processes...
Abstract. We propose a surface melt scheme for glaciated land surfaces, which only requires monthly mean short-wave radiation and temperature as inputs, yet implicitly accounts the diurnal cycle of radiation. The is deduced from energy balance daily period, defined by minimum solar elevation angle. yields better spatial representation melting than common empirical schemes when applied to Greenland Ice Sheet, using 1948–2016 regional climate snowpack simulation reference. physically...
Abstract Based on inferences from proxy records the Miocene (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time of amplified polar warmth compared to today. However, it remains challenge simulate warm climate and pronounced at reconstructed CO 2 concentrations. Using state‐of‐the‐art Earth‐System‐Model, we implement high‐resolution paleobathymetry different atmospheric We estimate global mean surface warming +3.1°C relative preindustrial level 450 ppm. An increase 280 ppm provides an individual ∼1.4°C, which is as...
It is highly challenging to include both the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets in a state-of-the-art earth system model. Our presentation demonstrates our system's design, essential steps before coupling entire system, challenges faced process, initial findings from series of simulations for warming scenarios spanning next few centuries until 2500.We will highlight existing limitations computed climate conditions that affect behavior sheets. These motivate design. For instance, ocean...
Abstract Understanding the dynamics of warm climate states has gained increasing importance in face anthropogenic change, and while it is possible to simulate interglacial climates, these simulated results cannot be evaluated without aid geochemical proxies. One such proxy δ 18 O, which allows for inference about both a state's hydrology temperature. We utilize stable water isotope equipped model three stages during Last Interglacial (LIG), corresponding 130, 125, 120 kyr before present,...
Previous modelling efforts have investigated climate responses to different Milankovitch forcing during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 13. During this time the has been highly variable at atmospheric CO2 concentrations of ~240 ppm. As yet, ice sheet-climate feedbacks were missing in previous studies. Therefore we use state-of-the-art coupled climate-ice sheet model, AWI-ESM-1.2, investigate MIS-13 and corresponding Northern Hemisphere (NHIS) evolution by performing simulations under three...