A5088475597- Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Head and Neck Anomalies
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Tardigrade Biology and Ecology
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Circular RNAs in diseases
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
University of Siena
2016-2025
Ospedale Santa Maria alle Scotte
2008-2020
Context: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the gold standard for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules but has limitation inadequate sampling or indeterminate lesions. Objective: We aimed to verify whether search cancer-associated protooncogene mutations in cytological samples may improve diagnostic accuracy FNAC. Study Design: One hundred seventy-four consecutive patients undergoing surgery were submitted FNAC (on 235 nodules) that was used and molecular analysis BRAF, RAS, RET,...
Molecular fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology diagnostics has the potential to address inherent limitation of FNA which is an indeterminate (atypia undetermined significance/follicular lesion significance follicular neoplasm) cytology. Because emerging role molecular diagnostics, European Thyroid Association convened a panel international experts review methodological aspects, indications, results, and limitations diagnostics. The reviewed evidence for diagnostic value mutation assessment...
Abstract Context: A substantial proportion of athyreotic levothyroxine (LT4)-treated patients experience hypothyroid-like symptoms. During LT4 replacement, levels the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3) strictly depend on type 2-deiodinase (D2)-mediated activation LT4. The Thr92Ala polymorphism and 258 G/A in DIO2 gene have been associated with various clinical conditions. Objectives: To investigate effects polymorphisms thyroid homeostasis. Design: We compared presurgical hormonal status...
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are short oligodeoxynucleotides designed to bind specific regions of target mRNA. ASOs can modulate pre-mRNA splicing, increase levels functional proteins, and decrease toxic proteins. being developed for the treatment motor neuron diseases (MNDs), including spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) bulbar (SBMA). The biggest success has been ASO known as nusinersen, first effective therapy SMA, able improve symptoms slow disease...
Non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) is mostly sporadic, but familial clustering described. We aimed to compare the features of patients with sporadic and NMTC (FNMTC) assess whether FNMTC parent–child relationship exhibit ‘anticipation’ phenomenon (earlier age at disease onset increased severity in successive generations). Among 300 NMTCs followed Section Endocrinology (University Siena, Italy), 34 (11.3%) patients, all papillary histotype, (16 kindred), met criteria FNMTC. Twenty-seven...
Differentiated papillary thyroid cancer is mostly sporadic, but the recurrence of familial form has been reported. Short or dysfunctional telomeres have associated with benign diseases and breast cancer.The aim our work was to study telomere-telomerase complex in peripheral blood patients (FPTC), including measurement relative telomere length (RTL), telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene amplification, hTERT mRNA expression, protein activity, search RNA component mutations.Cumulating...
MicroRNA (miRNAs) are nonprotein-encoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and enable the distinction of benign from malignant tissues in human cancers. We investigated role miRNA circulating blood for differential diagnosis thyroid nodules. profiling was assessed by TaqMan Array Human A Cards v2.0 pooled sera 12 healthy subjects (HS), nodular goiters (NG), patients with papillary cancer (PTC) (cohort 1). From this analysis, we selected eight miRNAs were validated individual samples (same...
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are short oligodeoxynucleotides designed to bind specific regions of target mRNA. ASOs can modulate pre-mRNA splicing, increase levels functional proteins and decrease toxic proteins. being developed for the treatment several diseases, including motor neuron diseases (MNDs), a group neurodegenerative disorders characterised by loss neurons, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) bulbar (SBMA). The biggest success has been ASO...
Pollen, the male gametophyte of seed plants, is extremely sensitive to UV light, which may prevent fertilization. As a result, strategies improve plant resistance solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation are required. The tardigrade damage suppressor protein (Dsup) putative DNA-binding that enables tardigrades tolerate harsh environmental conditions, including radiation, and was therefore considered as candidate for reducing effects exposure on pollen. Tobacco pollen genetically engineered express...
Genomic instability has been proposed to play a role in cancer development and can occur through different mechanisms including telomere association loss. Studies carried out our unit have demonstrated that familial papillary thyroid (fPTC) patients display an imbalance, at the germinal level, telomere-telomerase complex. We aimed verify whether fPTC show increased spontaneous chromosome fragility. To this purpose, we compared telomeric fusions associations as well other chromosomal...
Obesity is a global epidemic associated with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disorders. Bariatric surgery highly effective intervention for sustained weight loss the improvement of obesity-related comorbidities. However, post-surgery nutritional deficiencies, including vitamin E, remain concern. This study investigates role single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to E transport bioavailability determining levels post bariatric surgery. A cohort 140...
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the gold standard to diagnose thyroid nodules but fails in discriminating nature of indeterminate lesions. Molecular testing can improve diagnosis these and next-generation sequencing (NGS) be used test many genes simultaneously. Assess performance an NGS 17-gene panel on FNAC. One hundred five FNACs, 30.5% high-risk (TIR3B) 69.5% low-risk (TIR3A), were analyzed by NGS. For TIR3A, rate mutated samples was 10.9%, significantly lower (p = 0.0001)...
Many studies have found an association between altered telomere length (TL), both attrition or elongation, and cancer phenotype. Recently, we reported that patients with the familial form of papillary thyroid (FPTC) short telomeres in blood leucocytes.To evaluate relative TL (RTL) at somatic level neoplastic nonneoplastic tissues FPTC (n = 30) sporadic PTC 46).RTL was measured by quantitative PCR tissues, corresponding nontumor (normal contralateral thyroid), other extrathyroidal (lymph...
Background: Several studies have suggested that selenium may influence the natural history of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Recently, IFNγ-inducible chemokines (CXCL-9, -10 and -11) were shown to be elevated in AIT patients. Objective: This prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted evaluate effect two doses selenomethionine (Semet; 80 or 160 µg/day) versus placebo euthyroid women with AIT, terms reduction anti-thyroid antibodies, CXCL-9, -11 improvement thyroid echogenicity,...
The Ramazzottius varieornatus tardigrade is an extremotolerant terrestrial invertebrate with a length of 0.1-1.0 mm. These small animals show extraordinary tolerance to extreme conditions such as high pressure, irradiation, chemicals and dehydration. abilities are linked recently discovered damage suppressor protein (Dsup). Dsup nucleosome-binding that avoids DNA after X-ray oxidative stress exposure without impairing cell life in Dsup-transfected animal plant cells. exact "protective" role...
Tardigrades, also known as "water bears," are microscopic invertebrates capable of surviving extreme conditions, including temperatures, intense radiation, and the vacuum space. Recent studies have unveiled a novel nucleosome-binding protein in tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus, damage suppressor (Dsup). This has proven essential for enabling tardigrades to thrive most challenging environmental highlighting its pivotal role their remarkable survival capabilities. Dsup is highly disordered...
Amyloid beta peptides (Abeta) form insoluble aggregates in Alzheimer's disease. Accumulation of misfolded amyloid fibrils is generally believed to be a key pathogenic event several brain disorders. Here we show that small amounts Abeta activate angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration as well pseudocapillary formation. functionally synergize with fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) promote c-Raf ERK1/2 activation vivo. Thus, at nanomolar concentrations prime FGF-2...