A5087622439- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Connexins and lens biology
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Lymphatic System and Diseases
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Skin and Cellular Biology Research
- Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Immune cells in cancer
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Nerve injury and regeneration
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine
2021-2022
Center of Advanced European Studies and Research
2014-2021
University of Bremen
2013-2018
Lancaster University
2017
University of Münster
2012-2015
Max Planck Society
2014
Extracellular aggregates of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, which are characteristic Alzheimer's disease (AD), act as an essential trigger for glial cell activation and the release ATP, leading to stimulation purinergic receptors, especially P2X7 receptor (P2X7R). However, involvement P2X7R in development AD is still ill-defined regarding dual properties this receptor. Particularly, activates NLRP3 inflammasome pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β; however, also induces cleavage precursor protein...
Article26 November 2021Open Access Transparent process Microglial PD-1 stimulation by astrocytic PD-L1 suppresses neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology Markus P Kummer Corresponding Author [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-2918 Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases Geriatric Psychiatry, University Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany These authors contributed equally to this work Search for more papers author Christina Ising orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-3488 German...
Microglia are the primary resident innate immune cells of CNS. They possess branched, motile cell processes that important for their cellular functions. To study pathways control microglial morphology and motility under physiological disease conditions, it is necessary to quantify precisely reliably. Several image analysis approaches available quantification motility. However, they either not automated, freely accessible, and/or limited in number parameters can be assessed. Thus, we have...
The purpose of the study was to further scrutinize potential βB2-crystallin in supporting regeneration injured retinal ganglion cell axons both vitro and vivo. Retinal explants obtained from animals after treatment either with lens injury (LI) alone or combined LI 5 days 3 before simultaneously an optic nerve crush (ONC) were cultured for 96 h under regenerative conditions, regenerating quantified compared untreated controls. These measurements then repeated replaced by intravitreal...
Crystallin β-b2 (crybb2) is known to support the regeneration of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons in culture. We investigated whether neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) overexpressing crybb2 (crybb2-NPC) affect secondary degeneration due optic nerve crush vivo.NPCS were produced by dissociation and propagation rat embryonic neural tube eye primordial at days 13.5 15. Retinal was induced injured (BY suture, 20 seconds). Several groups built: crybb2-NPC injected into vitreous body, while...
Abstract The most frequently seen adaptation of a clinical trial design in regulatory submission is statistical information, for example, sample size or number events. Such can be based solely on the endpoint interest early biomarker. In this article, we articulate technical merits and discuss challenges when information used as aspect adaptation. We present interplay between weighted unweighted adaptive Z-statistics with, versus without, additional criteria. contrast Fisher's p-value...
We consider estimation of treatment effects in two-stage adaptive multi-arm trials with a common control. The best is selected at interim, and the primary endpoint modeled via Cox proportional hazards model. maximum partial-likelihood estimator log hazard ratio will overestimate true effect this case. Several methods for reducing selection bias have been proposed normal endpoints, including an iterative method based on estimated conditional biases shrinkage approach empirical Bayes theory....
In many clinical trial applications, the endpoint of interest corresponds to a time-to-event endpoint. this case, group differences are usually expressed by hazard ratio. Group commonly assessed logrank test, which is optimal under proportional assumption. However, there situations in assumption violated. Especially applications were full population and several subgroups or composite time-to-first-event components considered, does not simultaneously hold true for all test problems...
The objective of this retrospective planning study was to find a contouring definition for the rectum as an organ at risk (OAR) in curative three-dimensional external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) prostate cancer (PCa) with predictive correlation between dose-volume histogram (DVH) and rectal toxicity.In pre-study, CT scans 23 patients PCa receiving definitive EBRT were analyzed. contoured according 13 different definitions, dose distribution correlated respective volumes by generating DVH...
In vivo phosphorylation was stimulated in the rat basal nucleus by stereotaxic injection of phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid (OA). Hyperphosphorylation neurofilaments and microtubule-associated proteins tau MAP2 associated with their redistribution from axonal compartment into cell bodies large projection neurones where they appeared as paired helical filament (PHF)-like immunoreactivity. Astrocytes showed a dramatic increase APP immunoreactivity changed appearance to stellate shape long...
Adaptive survival trials are particularly important for enrichment designs in oncology and other life‐threatening diseases. Current statistical methodology adaptive provide type I error rate control only under restrictions. For instance, if we use stage‐wise P values based on increments of the log‐rank test, then information used interim decisions need to be restricted primary endpoint. However, it is often desirable base also correlated short‐term endpoints like tumor response. Alternative...
Abstract The lineage and developmental trajectory of a cell are key determinants cellular identity. Yet, the functional relevance deriving specific type from ontologically distinct progenitors, remains an open question. In case vascular system, blood lymphatic vessels composed endothelial cells (ECs) that differentiate diversify to cater different physiological demands each organ. While have been shown originate multiple sources, ECs (LECs) themselves seem unipotent fate. this work we...