A5059281499- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Brain Metastases and Treatment
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Washington University in St. Louis
2016-2025
Mallinckrodt (United States)
2016-2025
University of Miami
2024
Mallinckrodt (Ireland)
2007-2023
RELX Group (United States)
2023
Edinburgh College
2023
University of Edinburgh
2023
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2023
University of Oxford
2023
St. Louis Children's Hospital
2002-2022
Functional imaging with positron emission tomography and functional MRI has revolutionized studies of the human brain. Understanding organization brain systems, especially those used for cognition, remains limited, however, because no methods currently exist noninvasive tracking neuronal connections between regions [Crick, F. & Jones, E. (1993) Nature (London) 361, 109–110]. Detailed connectivities have been studied in animals through invasive tracer techniques, but these cannot be done...
Application of resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) to the study prematurely born infants enables assessment earliest forms cerebral and characterization its early development in human brain. We obtained 90 longitudinal fcMRI data sets from a cohort preterm aged 26 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) through term equivalent at PMA-specific time points. Utilizing seed-based correlation analysis, we identified networks involving varied cortical regions, thalamus,...
Blast-related traumatic brain injuries have been common in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, but fundamental questions about nature of these remain unanswered.
PURPOSE: To characterize the maturational changes in water diffusion within central gray matter nuclei and white pathways of human brain by using diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis normal MR examination findings 153 subjects (age range, 1 day to 11 years) referred for clinical neuroimaging was performed. All studies included tensor-encoded echo-planar Isotropic coefficient (D̄) anisotropy (Aσ) were measured corpus callosum,...
The brain is active even in the absence of explicit stimuli or overt responses. This activity highly correlated within specific networks cerebral cortex when assessed with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging. role thalamus this intrinsic unknown despite its critical function cortex. Here we mapped correlations between human and adult humans using fMRI BOLD Based on measure partitioned into nuclear groups that correspond well...
Relating structural connectivity with functional activity is fundamentally important to understanding the brain's physiology. The thalamocortical system serves as a good model for exploring structure/function relationships because of its well-documented anatomical connectivity. Here we performed and magnetic resonance mapping human using intrinsic brain diffusion-weighted imaging. accuracy these imaging techniques tested by comparison histology registered common space connectional anatomy...
Abstract Motor cortex (M1) has been thought to form a continuous somatotopic homunculus extending down the precentral gyrus from foot face representations 1,2 , despite evidence for concentric functional zones 3 and maps of complex actions 4 . Here, using precision magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods, we find that classic is interrupted by regions with distinct connectivity, structure function, alternating effector-specific (foot, hand mouth) areas. These inter-effector exhibit...
Slow (<0.1 Hz), spontaneous fluctuations in the functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal have been shown to exhibit phase coherence within functionally related areas of brain. Surprisingly, this phenomenon appears transcend levels consciousness. The genesis coherent BOLD remains be fully explained. We present a resting state connectivity study 6-year-old child with radiologically normal brain imaged both before and after complete section corpus...
Resting state functional connectivity is defined in terms of temporal correlations between physiologic signals, most commonly studied using magnetic resonance imaging. Major features correspond to structural (axonal) connectivity. However, this relation not one-to-one. Interhemispheric the corpus callosum presents a case point. Specifically, several reports have documented nearly intact interhemispheric individuals whom (the major commissure hemispheres) never develops. To investigate...
A major limitation to structural and functional MRI (fMRI) scans is their susceptibility head motion artifacts. Even submillimeter movements can systematically distort connectivity, morphometric, diffusion imaging results. In patient care, sedation often used minimize motion, but it incurs increased costs risks. research settings, typically not an ethical option. Therefore, safe methods that reduce are critical for improving quality, especially in high movement individuals such as children...
Background Poor central nervous system penetration of cytotoxic drugs due to the blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major limiting factor in treatment tumors. Most recurrent glioblastomas (GBM) occur within peritumoral region. In this study, we describe hyperthemic method induce temporary disruption BBB that can potentially be used enhance drug delivery. Methods Twenty patients with probable GBM were enrolled study. Fourteen evaluable. MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy was applied...
Importance Episodic memory and executive function are essential aspects of cognitive functioning that decline with aging. This may be ameliorable lifestyle interventions. Objective To determine whether mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), exercise, or a combination both improve in older adults. Design, Setting, Participants 2 × factorial randomized clinical trial was conducted at US sites (Washington University St Louis California, San Diego). A total 585 adults (aged 65-84 y)...
Abstract A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic that acutely causes distortions space–time perception and ego dissolution, produces rapid persistent therapeutic effects in human clinical trials 1–4 . In animal models, psilocybin induces neuroplasticity cortex hippocampus 5–8 It remains unclear how brain network changes relate to subjective lasting psychedelics. Here we tracked individual-specific with longitudinal precision functional mapping (roughly 18 magnetic resonance imaging visits...
PURPOSE: To obtain normative human cerebral data and evaluate the anatomtomic information in quantitative diffusion anisotropy magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Quantitative MR images were obtained 13 healthy adults by using single-shot echo-planar imaging a combination of tetrahedral orthogonal gradient encoding (whole-brain coverage about 1 minute). White matter (WM) anatomy was assessed at visual inspection, values measured various brain regions. Different measures,...
<b><i>Objective: </i></b> To establish the magnitude and time course of changes in water diffusion coefficient (<i>D</i><sub>av</sub>) following newborn infant brain injury. <b><i>Methods: Ten infants at high risk for perinatal injury were recruited from neonatal intensive care unit. Conventional tensor MRI was performed on three occasions during first week life. Regions determined by evaluating conventional MR images (T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) 1 after...
Multiple functional methods including magnetic resonance imaging, transcranial stimulation, and positron emission tomography have shown cortical reorganization in response to blindness. We investigated microanatomical correlates of this using diffusion tensor imaging tractography (DTT). Five early blind (EB) were compared with 7 normally sighted (NS) persons. DTT showed marked geniculocalcarine tract differences between EB NS participants. All participants evidence atrophy the...
The goal of the study was to demonstrate a hierarchical structure resting state activity in healthy brain using data-driven clustering algorithm.The fuzzy-c-means algorithm applied fMRI data cortical and subcortical gray matter from two groups acquired separately, one 17 individuals second 21 individuals. Different numbers clusters different starting conditions were used. A cluster dispersion measure determined optimal clusters. An inner product metric provided similarity between result...
Background. Recent studies have shown that focal injuries can remote effects on network function affect behavior, but these network-wide repercussions are poorly understood. Objective. This study tested the hypothesis lesions specifically to outflow tract of a distributed result in upstream dysfunction structurally intact portions network. In somatomotor system, this predicted corticospinal might be associated with functional disruption within system. Motor impairment then reflect dual...
Abstract BACKGROUND: Surgical treatments for deep-seated intracranial lesions have been limited by morbidities associated with resection. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging–guided focused laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) offers a minimally invasive surgical treatment option such lesions. OBJECTIVE: To review and results of patients treated LITT at Washington University School Medicine. METHODS: In 17 prospectively recruited (34–78 years age; mean, 59 years), we report...
OBJECTIVE To describe initial experience with resting-state correlation mapping as a potential aid for presurgical planning of brain tumor resection. METHODS Resting-state blood oxygenation-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were acquired in 17 healthy young adults and 4 patients tumors invading sensorimotor cortex. Conventional fMRI motor (finger-tapping protocol) was also performed the patients. Intraoperatively, hand area mapped using cortical stimulation....
The objective of this work was to determine the impact therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on magnitude and time course mean diffusivity (MD) changes following hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns.Cerebral MRI scans infants undergoing whole body TH for HIE from 2007 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. data analyzed identically a control group newborns with previously published, prior development TH. Anatomic injury defined T1- T2-weighted ("late") obtained after fifth day life. Since...