A5083585055- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Forest ecology and management
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Forest Management and Policy
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant responses to water stress
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
Morton Arboretum
2018-2025
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
2025
Lethbridge Research and Development Centre
2025
University of Colorado Hospital
2024
University of Colorado Denver
2024
University of Colorado System
2024
University of Minnesota
2016-2020
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2016-2020
Hudson Institute
2016-2020
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2011-2018
Collaboration broadens the “root economics space” ranging from “do-it-yourself” to “outsourcing” mycorrhizal partners.
Summary The effects of plants on the biosphere, atmosphere and geosphere are key determinants terrestrial ecosystem functioning. However, despite substantial progress made regarding plant belowground components, we still only beginning to explore complex relationships between root traits functions. Drawing literature in physiology, ecophysiology, ecology, agronomy soil science, reviewed 24 aspects functioning their with a number system traits, including architecture, morphology, anatomy,...
Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 349–357 The earth’s future climate state is highly dependent upon changes in terrestrial C storage response to rising concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Here we show that consistently enhanced rates net primary production (NPP) are sustained by a C-cascade through the root-microbe-soil system; increases flux belowground under elevated CO2 stimulated microbial activity, accelerated rate soil organic matter decomposition and tree uptake N bound this SOM. This process...
See also the Commentary by Mommer and Weemstra
Variation and tradeoffs within among plant traits are increasingly being harnessed by empiricists modelers to understand predict ecosystem processes under changing environmental conditions. While fine roots play an important role in functioning, fine-root underrepresented global trait databases. This has hindered efforts analyze variation link it with function conditions at a scale. Viewpoint addresses the need for centralized database, introduces Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED,...
Summary Ecosystem functioning relies heavily on below‐ground processes, which are largely regulated by plant fine‐roots and their functional traits. However, our knowledge of fine‐root trait distribution to date local‐ regional‐scale studies with limited numbers species, growth forms environmental variation. We compiled a world‐wide dataset, featuring 1115 species from contrasting climatic areas, phylogeny test series hypotheses pertaining the influence types, soil climate variables, degree...
Compared with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) forests, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) forests are hypothesized to have higher carbon (C) cycling rates and a more open nitrogen (N) cycle. To test this hypothesis, we synthesized 645 observations, including 22 variables related below-ground C N dynamics from 100 sites, where AM ECM co-occurred at the same site. Leaf litter quality was lower in than trees, leading greater forest floor stocks forests. By contrast, had significantly mineral soil...
Vegetation impacts on ecosystem functioning are mediated by mycorrhizas, plant-fungal associations formed most plant species. Ecosystems dominated distinct mycorrhizal types differ strongly in their biogeochemistry. Quantitative analyses of hindered the scarcity information distributions. Here we present global, high-resolution maps vegetation biomass distribution dominant associations. Arbuscular, ectomycorrhizal, and ericoid store, respectively, 241 ± 15, 100 17, 7 1.8 GT carbon...
Trait-based approaches provide a useful framework to investigate plant strategies for resource acquisition, growth, and competition, as well impacts on ecosystem processes. Despite significant progress capturing trait variation within among stems leaves, identification of syndromes fine-root systems between fine roots other organs is limited. Here we discuss three underappreciated areas where focused measurements traits can make contributions science. These include assessment spatiotemporal...
Abstract Motivation Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related responses changing environmental conditions effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large‐scale comparative studies global models. For instance, remain absent from nearly all that define spectrum Thus, overcome conceptual methodological roadblocks preventing a widespread integration trait into analyses we...
Since their emergence onto land, terrestrial plants have developed diverse strategies to acquire soil resources. However, we lack a framework that adequately captures how these vary among species. Observations from around the world now allow us quantify variation observed in commonly-measured fine-root traits but it is unclear root are interrelated and whether they fall along an "economic" spectrum of acquisitive conservative strategies. We assessed trait mycorrhizal colonization rates by...
The residence time of fine-root carbon in soil is one the least understood aspects global cycle, and dynamics are plant function. Most recent studies these belowground have used two methodological strategies. In approach, based on analysis isotopes, persistence inferred; other, direct observations roots with cameras, longevity individual measured. We show that contribution fine to cycle has been overstated because root lifetimes systematically overestimate turnover biomass. On other hand,...
The timing of fine root production and turnover strongly influences both the seasonal potential for soil resource acquisition among competing systems plant fluxes carbon into pools. However, basic patterns variability in rates or are generally unknown perennial plants species. We address this shortfall using a heuristic model relating phenology to together with three years minirhizotron observations dynamics 12 temperate tree species grown common garden. specifically investigated how amount...
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) mediate plant interspecific competition and community structure. However, the magnitude direction of effects underlying mechanisms are not clear. Here, we synthesized results 304 studies to evaluate how affect structure which abiotic biotic conditions in experimental design modify these effects. The on competitive ability (in terms response) differed markedly among functional groups. When inoculum was added, strongly enhanced N‐fixing forbs...
Abstract Efforts to characterize carbon (C) cycling among atmosphere, forest canopy, and soil C pools are hindered by poorly quantified fine root dynamics. We characterized the influence of free‐air‐CO 2 ‐enrichment (ambient +200 ppm) on roots for a period 6 years (Autumn 1998 through Autumn 2004) in an 18‐year‐old loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda ) plantation near Durham, NC, USA using minirhizotrons. Root production mortality were synchronous processes that peaked most during spring early...