A5033756643- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Pasture and Agricultural Systems
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Plant responses to water stress
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
King's College London
2018-2025
The University of Melbourne
2016-2025
Ecosystem Sciences
2023-2025
Australian National University
2014-2025
University College London
2024
University of Southampton
2016-2023
The King's College
2023
King's College - North Carolina
2020
Institute of Geography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2020
University of Minnesota
2014-2017
ABSTRACT Aim Invasion ecology includes many hypotheses. Empirical evidence suggests that most of these can explain the success some invaders to degree in circumstances. If they all are correct, what does this tell us about invasion? We illustrate major themes invasion ecology, and provide an overarching framework helps organize research foster links among subfields more generally. Location Global. Methods review synthesize 29 leading hypotheses plant ecology. Structured around propagule...
Much research effort has been invested in understanding ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) across ecosystems and taxonomic groups, but empirical studies about economic effects lack synthesis. Using a comprehensive global database, we determine patterns trends costs aquatic IAS by examining: (i) the distribution these taxa, geographic regions cost types; (ii) temporal dynamics costs; (iii) knowledge gaps, especially compared to terrestrial IAS. Based on recorded from existing...
Abstract Biological invasions are a global phenomenon that threatens biodiversity, and few, if any, ecosystems free from alien species. The outcome of human‐mediated introductions is affected by the invasiveness species invasibility ecosystems, but research has primarily focused on defining, characterizing identifying invasive species; ecosystem received much less attention. A prerequisite for ability to compare levels invasion across ecosystems. In this paper, we aim identify best way...
Since its emergence in the mid-20th century, invasion biology has matured into a productive research field addressing questions of fundamental and applied importance. Not only number empirical studies increased through time, but also competing, overlapping and, some cases, contradictory hypotheses about biological invasions. To make these contradictions redundancies explicit, to gain insight field's current theoretical structure, we developed Delphi approach create consensus network 39...
Unprecedented rates of introduction and spread non-native species pose burgeoning challenges to biodiversity, natural resource management, regional economies, human health. Current biosecurity efforts are failing keep pace with globalization, revealing critical gaps in our understanding response invasions. Here, we identify four priority areas advance invasion science the face rapid global environmental change. First, should strive develop a more comprehensive framework for predicting how...
Abstract Motivation Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related responses changing environmental conditions effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large‐scale comparative studies global models. For instance, remain absent from nearly all that define spectrum Thus, overcome conceptual methodological roadblocks preventing a widespread integration trait into analyses we...
When plants establish outside their native range, ability to adapt the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, relative importance of these two factors poorly understood. To quantify influence dispersal on patterns genetic diversity underlying adaptation, we used data from a globally distributed demographic research network comprising 35 18 nonnative populations Plantago lanceolata . Species-specific simulation experiments showed that would dilute influences...
Abstract We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of values plant traits for taxa in Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). synthesises data on 448 across 28,640 from field campaigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and individual taxon descriptions. Traits vary scope physiological measures performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes leaf area, seed mass, height) which link aspects ecological variation. contains...
Abstract Due to massive energetic investments in woody support structures, trees are subject unique physiological, mechanical, and ecological pressures not experienced by herbaceous plants. Despite a wealth of studies exploring trait relationships across the entire plant kingdom, dominant traits underpinning these aspects tree form function remain unclear. Here, considering 18 functional traits, encompassing leaf, seed, bark, wood, crown, root characteristics, we quantify multidimensional...
Abstract Little is currently known about how climate modulates the relationship between plant diversity and soil organic carbon mechanisms involved. Yet, this knowledge of crucial importance in times change biodiversity loss. Here, we show that positively correlated with content carbon-to-nitrogen ratio across 84 grasslands on six continents span wide gradients. The relationships as well matter quality (carbon-to-nitrogen ratio) are particularly strong warm arid climates. While biomass...
Abstract Forbs (“wildflowers”) are important contributors to grassland biodiversity but vulnerable environmental changes. In a factorial experiment at 94 sites on 6 continents, we test the global generality of several broad predictions: (1) Forb cover and richness decline under nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen enrichment. (2) increase herbivory by large mammals. (3) less affected enrichment in more arid climates, because water limitation reduces impacts competition with grasses....
Summary 1. River regulation and exotic plant invasion threaten riverine ecosystems, the two often co‐occur. By altering water regimes, flow can facilitate by providing conditions that directly benefit invading species, or reducing competition from native species unsuited to modified conditions. Integrating weed management has potential limit riparian maximize ecological of environmental flows. 2. We surveyed communities modelled flood histories 24 wetlands along regulated Murray,...
Summary The introduction and success of non‐native species are both a consequence cause rapid global change. Humans have created novel ecosystems through environmental modification mass movements organisms around the planet. It has been argued that biogeographic origin cannot explain or predict ecological impacts should not influence ecosystem management. This rejection ‘origin’ is overly simplistic. Origin effects can arise biased sampling types transported, evolutionary context their...
Aim Biological invasions pose a major conservation threat and are occurring at an unprecedented rate. Disproportionate levels of invasion across the landscape indicate that propagule pressure ecosystem characteristics can mediate success. However, most predictions relate to species' (invasiveness) habitat requirements. Given myriad invaders inability generalize from single-species studies, more general about required. We present simple new method for characterizing predicting susceptibility...
Abstract Our ability to predict invasions has been hindered by the seemingly idiosyncratic context-dependency of individual invasions. However, we argue that robust and useful generalisations in invasion science can be made considering “invasion syndromes” which define as “a combination pathways, alien species traits, characteristics recipient ecosystem collectively result predictable dynamics impacts, managed effectively using specific policy management actions”. We describe this approach...
Abstract Introduced species threaten native biodiversity, but whether exotic can competitively displace remains contested. Building on theory that predicts multi-species coexistence based a competition-colonisation tradeoff, we derive mechanistic basis by which human-mediated invasions could cause extinctions through competitive displacement. In contrast to past invasions, humans principally introduce modern invaders, repeatedly and in large quantities, ways facilitate release from enemies...
Abstract Aim Many factors facilitate biological invasions, making it difficult to determine their relative importance, especially when relying on survey data that include confounded variables. Incorporating information about species characteristics can improve inferences drawn from species–environment relationships, which inform management. We seek understand why the abundance of exotic, and not native, terrestrial plants is higher in riparian wetlands most impacted by flow regulation....
Significance Governments spend billions of dollars each year managing invasive plant species. Many plants have escaped from pastures and now degrade natural areas transform ecosystems. New pasture taxa are promoted to help achieve sustainable intensification agriculture by increasing production without using more land. However, characteristics that increase also invasion risk. Combined with inadequate regulation management establish large feed-plant populations, new will likely exacerbate...