Natural polymers such as collagens, elastin, and fibrinogen make up much of the body’s native extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM provides structure mechanical integrity to tissues, well communicating with cellular components it supports help facilitate regulate daily processes wound healing. An ideal tissue engineering scaffold would not only replicate this ECM, but also many functions that performs. In past decade, process electrospinning has proven effective in creating non-woven...

Electrospinning is a process that creates nanofibers through an electrically charged jet of polymer solution or melt. This technique applicable to virtually every soluble fusible and capable spinning fibers in variety shapes sizes with wide range properties be used broad biomedical industrial applications. requires very simple economical setup but intricate depends on several molecular, processing, technical parameters. article reviews information the three stages electrospinning (i.e.,...

Open fracture is a common occurrence in civilian and military populations. Though great strides have been made limb salvage efforts, persistent muscle strength deficits can contribute to diminished function after the bone has healed. Over past decade, growing effort establish therapies directed at de novo regeneration produced several therapeutic approaches. As this progresses as reach clinical testing, many questions remain regarding pathophysiology of volumetric loss skeletal muscle. The...

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) results in a large void deficient the requisite materials for regeneration which there is no definitive clinical standard of care. Autologous minced grafts (MG), contain essential components regeneration, may embody an ideal tissue engineering therapy VML. The purpose this study was to determine if orthotopic transplantation MG acutely after VML tibialis anterior male Lewis rats promotes functional regeneration. Herein we report that over first 16 wk postinjury,...

Given the clinical practice of prescribing physical rehabilitation for treatment VML injuries, present study examined functional and histomorphological adaptations in volumetric muscle loss (VML) injured to rehabilitation.Tibialis anterior injury was created Lewis rats (n = 32), were randomly assigned either sedentary (SED) or (RUN) group. After 1 week, RUN given unlimited access voluntary running wheels 7 weeks (2 8 post-injury). At 2 post-injury, TA muscles harvested molecular analyses....

The purpose of this study was to enhance the mechanical properties and slow degradation an electrospun fibrinogen scaffold, while maintaining scaffold's high level bioactivity. Three different cross-linkers were used achieve goal: glutaraldehyde vapour, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) in ethanol genipin ethanol. Scaffolds with a concentration 120 mg ml−1 cross-linked one aforementioned cross-linkers. Mechanical determined through uniaxial tensile testing...

Aim . The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro response cells critical wound healing process culture media supplemented with a lyophilized preparation rich growth factors (PRGF) and Manuka honey. Materials Methods This utilized cell PRGF, as well whole honey medical-grade Medihoney (MH), product. human fibroblasts (hDF), macrophages, endothelial (hPMEC) evaluated, respect proliferation, chemotaxis, collagen matrix production, angiogenic potential, when subjected containing MH,...

Losartan is a Food and Drug Administration approved antihypertensive medication that recently emerging as an antifibrotic therapy. Previously, losartan has been successfully used to reduce fibrosis improve both muscle regeneration function in several models of recoverable skeletal injuries, such contusion laceration. In this study, the efficacy treatment reducing improving was determined Lewis rat model volumetric loss (VML) injury. VML defined traumatic or surgical with resultant functional...

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a of over ∼10% mass that results in functional impairment. Although skeletal possesses the ability to repair and regenerate itself following minor injuries, VML injuries are irrecoverable. Currently, there no successful clinical therapies for treatment VML. Previous studies have treated defects with decellularized extracellular matrix (D-ECM) scaffolds derived from either pig urinary bladder or small intestinal submucosa. These were unsuccessful due poor...

The deleterious impact of concomitant muscle injury on fracture healing and limb function is commonly considered part the natural sequela orthopedic trauma. Recent reports suggest that heightened inflammation in surrounding traumatized musculature a primary determinant healing. Relatedly, there are emerging potential therapeutic approaches for severe trauma (e.g., volumetric loss [VML] injury), such as autologous minced grafts (1 mm3 pieces muscle; GRAFT), can partially prevent chronic...

Abstract Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a traumatic of tissue that results in chronic functional impairment. When injured, skeletal capable small‐scale repair; however, regenerative capacities are lost with VML due to critical stem cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Consequences include either long‐term disability or delayed amputations the affected limb. While prevalence substantial, currently successful clinical therapy has not been identified. In previous study, an electrospun...

The aim of this study was to investigate macrophage interactions with electrospun scaffolds and quantify the expression key angiogenic growth factors in vitro. This will further help evaluating potential these constructs as vascular grafts for tissue repair regeneration situ. Human peripheral blood macrophages were seeded serum free media on (10 mm) discs polydioxanone (PDO), elastin PDO:elastin blends (50:50, 70:30 90:10). factor secretion analyzed by ELISA. Macrophages produced high levels...

The ability to expand and direct both precursor stem cells towards a differential fate is considered extremely advantageous in tissue engineering. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) possesses milieu of growth factors cytokines, which have the potential either differentiative or proliferative influence on cell type tested. Here, we investigated effect PRP C2C12 myoblasts. A range concentrations differentiation media was used determine whether concentration dependence existed, while embedded fibres...

Heightened local inflammation due to muscle trauma or disease is associated with impaired bone regeneration. We hypothesized that FK506, an FDA approved immunomodulatory compound neurotrophic and osteogenic effects, will rescue the early phase of fracture healing which by concomitant in male (~4 months old) Lewis rats. FK506 (1 mg/kg; i.p.) saline was administered systemically for 14 days after endogenously tibia osteotomy created fixed intermedullary pin, overlying tibialis anterior (TA)...

Volumetric muscle loss (VML) causes irrecoverable of mass and strength results in permanent disability. VML injury shows extensive fibrosis, which impedes functional tissue regeneration. Our lab has created a biosponge scaffold composed extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (i.e., biosponge) that can enhance regeneration function following VML. In this work, potent small molecule inhibitor alpha v-subunit containing integrins known as IDL-2965 was incorporated into the biosponges for localized...

Abstract Decellularization removes cellular antigens while preserving the ultrastructure and composition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Decellularized ECM (DECM) scaffolds have been widely used in various tissue engineering applications with varying levels success. The mechanical, architectural bioactive properties a DECM scaffold depend largely on method decellularization dictate its clinical efficacy. This article highlights advantages challenges associated use scaffolds. Poor mechanical...