A5061127351- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Hepatitis C virus research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
2022-2025
Research ICT Africa
2022-2024
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
2021-2022
Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst
2021
Aeras
2018
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2010
GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)
2003
Royal Victoria Hospital
1990-1997
University of Ulster
1990-1997
London Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education
1995-1997
Nucleoside analogues against herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been shown to suppress shedding of HSV type 2 (HSV-2) on genital mucosal surfaces and may prevent sexual transmission HSV.We followed 1484 immunocompetent, heterosexual, monogamous couples: one with clinically symptomatic HSV-2 susceptible HSV-2. The partners infection were randomly assigned receive either 500 mg valacyclovir once daily or placebo for eight months. partner was evaluated monthly clinical signs symptoms herpes....
Results of an earlier analysis a trial the M72/AS01E candidate vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis showed that in infected adults, provided 54.0% protection active pulmonary disease, without evident safety concerns. We now report results 3-year final efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.
A vaccine to interrupt the transmission of tuberculosis is needed.We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial M72/AS01E in Kenya, South Africa, and Zambia. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative adults 18 50 years age with latent M. infection (by interferon-γ release assay) were randomly assigned (in 1:1 ratio) receive two doses either or placebo intramuscularly 1 month apart. Most participants had previously received bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine. We...
Global tuberculosis (TB) control requires effective vaccines in TB-endemic countries, where most adults are infected with Mycobacterium (M.tb).We sought to define optimal dose and schedule of H56:IC31, an experimental TB vaccine comprising Ag85B, ESAT-6, Rv2660c, for M.tb-infected M.tb-uninfected adults.We enrolled 98 healthy, HIV-uninfected, bacillus Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated, South African adults. M.tb infection was defined by QuantiFERON-TB (QFT) assay. QFT-negative participants received...
Abstract Objective . To assess the phospholipid specificity and immunoglobulin isotype of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies in patients with acute parvovirus B19 infection. Methods Specificity aPL distribution negatively charged phospholipids, cardiolipin phosphatidyl serine, neutral phospholipid, ethanolamine, were measured sera infections (n = 12), those other viral 10), syphilis 15) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The dependence anticardiolipin (aCL) binding on presence β 2...
Effective treatments for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are lacking. Here, we report a human proof-of-concept study RV521, small-molecule antiviral inhibitor of the RSV-F protein. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, healthy adults were challenged with RSV-A Memphis-37b. After was confirmed (or 5 days after challenge inoculation), subjects received RV521 (350 mg or 200 mg) placebo orally every 12 h days. The primary endpoint area under curve (AUC) viral...
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of infectious disease-related death. Recently, a trial BCG revaccination and vaccination with H4:IC31, recombinant protein vaccine, in South African adolescents (Aeras C-040-404) showed efficacy preventing sustained QuantiFERON (QFT) conversion, proxy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. A phase 1b 84 was conducted, concurrent Aeras C-040-404, to assess safety immunogenicity H56:IC31 revaccination, identify optimize immune...
RV521 is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion that was identified after a lead optimization process based upon hits originated from physical property directed hit profiling exercise at Reviral. This encompassed collaborations with number contract organizations collaborative medicinal chemistry and virology during the phase in addition to those utilized as compound proceeded through preclinical clinical evaluation. exhibited mean IC50 1.2 nM against...
Abstract Background H56:IC31 is a candidate vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) with the potential to reduce TB recurrence rate. It thus important for future clinical trials demonstrate safety and immunogenicity of in individuals treated TB. Methods Twenty-two adults confirmed be Mycobacterium negative (by 2 GeneXpert tests or sputum cultures) after 4–5 months treatment, not more than 28 days completion were randomized receive doses (5 mg H56:500 nmol IC31; n = 16) placebo (n 6) 56 apart....
ABSTRACT This is the first comparative double blind study of remoxipride. Sixty‐one patients with acute schizophrenia received either remoxipride (75–375 mg daily) or thioridazine (150‐750 for 6 weeks. There was no statistically significant between‐drug difference in improvement mental state, as measured by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, although trend favoured thioridazine; global assessment illness severity at last rating also, thioridazine. Sedation, anti‐cholinergic effects, autonomic...
Vaccines against COVID-19 are needed to overcome challenges associated with mitigating the global pandemic. We report safety and immunogenicity of V590, a live recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine candidate.
A 67 year old woman developed a severe adenoviral pneumonitis whilst receiving immunosuppressive therapy. She showed clinical and radiological evidence of response to treatment with nebulised intravenous ribavirin pooled normal human immunoglobulin. To our knowledge this is the first time that such therapeutic approach has been used in condition which normally carries very high mortality.
Abstract The prevalence of anti‐HCV was studied in a South African area endemic for hepatitis B virus. A total 35,685 volunteer blood donors (22,034 whites, 9,218 Asians, 3,077 Africans, 1,356 coloureds), 71 haemophiliacs, 84 chronic dialysis patients, 100 antenatal attenders, 212 nurses, and 20 HIV‐positive male homosexuals were tested anti‐HCV. Repeat positive second generation Ortho HCV EIA used to determine status the donors; Abbott‐II combined with neutralisation test other risk groups....
Two proof of concept clinical trials with TB vaccines demonstrate that new approaches can prevent sustained infection in adolescents (BCG revaccination) and disease adults (M72/ASO1E) (Nemes et al., 2018; Tait 2019) [1,2]. Both are late stage development provide motivation rationale to invest into a global vaccine pipeline. This pipeline needs be diverse address TB-specific challenges including variation target populations, uncertainties animal model predictivity lack immune correlates...
Abstract Early trials of novel vaccines against tuberculosis (TB) in adults have suggested substantial protection TB. However, little is known about the feasibility and affordability rolling out such practice. We conducted expert interviews to identify plausible vaccination implementation strategies for M72/AS01 E vaccine candidate. The were defined terms target population, coverage, schedule delivery mode. modelled these estimate long-term resource requirements health benefits arising from...
Abstract Sixty‐one patients with acute schizophrenia received either remoxipride (75–375 mg daily) or thioridazine (150–750 for 6 weeks. There was no statistically significant between‐drug difference in improvement mental state, as measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, although trend favoured thioridazine; global assessment of illness severity at last rating also thioridazine. Sedation, anticholinergic effects, autonomic dysfunction, and weight gain were significantly more common...