A5018978935- Respiratory viral infections research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- interferon and immune responses
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
The Ohio State University
2015-2025
Nationwide Children's Hospital
2016-2025
Ohio University
2023
University Medical Center
2023
University of Mississippi Medical Center
2020
State Street (United States)
2020
American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
2020
Columbus Center
2019
Universidad del Norte
2012
University of South Florida
2012
ABSTRACT Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease requires efficient gene transfer to airway epithelial cells after intralumenal delivery. Most vectors so far tested have not provided the efficiency required. Although human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a common virus, is known infect epithelium, mechanism of infection and cell type targeted by RSV been determined. We utilized primary cultures that generate well-differentiated pseudostratified mucociliary epithelium...
Antibodies to the prefusion conformation of RSV F glycoprotein neutralize natural infection.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory disease in infants, but no vaccine or effective therapy available. The initiation RSV infection immortalized cells largely dependent on cell surface heparan sulfate (HS), a receptor for attachment (G) glycoprotein cells. However, infects ciliated primary well differentiated human airway epithelial (HAE) cultures via apical surface, HS not detectable this surface. Here we show that soluble inhibits cells, HAE...
Significance It is currently unknown if SARS-CoV-2 can spread through cell–cell contacts, and so, the underlying mechanisms implications. In this work, we show, by using lentiviral pseudotyped virus, that spike protein of mediates viral cell-to-cell transmission, with an efficiency higher than SARS-CoV. We also find fusion contributes to yet ACE2 not absolutely required. While authentic variants concern (VOCs) B.1.1.7 (alpha) B.1.351 (beta) differ in cell-free infectivity from wild type each...
ABSTRACT Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on the surface of cultured cells are important in first step efficient respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. We evaluated importance sulfation, major biosynthetic modification GAGs, using an improved recombinant green fluorescent protein-expressing RSV (rgRSV) to assay Pretreatment HEp-2 with 50 mM sodium chlorate, a selective inhibitor for 48 h prior inoculation reduced efficiency rgRSV infection 40%. Infection CHO mutant cell line deficient N...
ABSTRACT We constructed a human recombinant parainfluenza virus type 3 (rPIV3) that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) and used this virus, rgPIV3, to characterize PIV3 infection of an established in vitro model pseudostratified mucociliary airway epithelium (HAE). The apical surface HAE was highly susceptible rgPIV3 infection, whereas only occasional cells were infected when applied the basolateral surface. Infection involved exclusively ciliated epithelial cells. There...
ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) produces three envelope glycoproteins, the attachment glycoprotein (G), fusion (F) protein, and small hydrophobic (SH) protein. It had been assumed, by analogy with other paramyxoviruses, that G F proteins would be required for first two steps of viral entry, fusion. However, following repeated passage in cell culture, a viable mutant RSV lacked both SH genes was isolated (R. A. Karron, D. Buonagurio, F. Georgiu, S. Whitehead, J. E. Adamus, M. L....
This study investigates whether cell-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked complement control proteins CD55 and CD59 can be incorporated into HIV-1 virions contribute to resistance. Virus was prepared by transfection of cell lines with pNL4-3, primary isolates were derived from patients' PBMCs. tested for sensitivity complement-mediated virolysis in the presence anti-gp160 antibody. Viral preparations JY33 cells, which lack CD59, highly sensitive complement. H9 U937 express low levels...
ABSTRACT Airway epithelial cells (AECs) provide the first line of defense in respiratory tract and are main target viruses. Here, using oligonucleotide protein arrays, we analyze infection primary polarized human AEC cultures with influenza virus syncytial (RSV), show that immune response AECs is quantitatively qualitatively specific. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specifically induced by not RSV included those encoding interferon B1 (IFN-B1), type III interferons (interleukin 28A...
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in shaping antiviral immune responses the respiratory tract. Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is recently identified pathogen and like its better known relative, syncytial virus (RSV), has been increasingly recognized as major cause of morbidity infants elderly persons. In present study, we examined susceptibility well cellular human DCs to hMPV compared with RSV. Monocyte-derived (moDCs) were susceptible infection by both viruses, but only RSV was able...
Paramyxoviruses, such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV), assemble in and bud from plasma membranes of infected cells. To explore the role each NDV structural proteins virion assembly release, virus-like particles (VLPs) released avian cells expressing all possible combinations nucleoprotein (NP), membrane or matrix protein (M), an uncleaved fusion (F-K115Q), hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) were characterized for densities, content, efficiencies release. Coexpression four resulted release...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Maternally derived RSV-specific antibodies play a role protection against RSV early life, but data regarding concentration and specificity those are incomplete.
Data on how respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genotypes influence disease severity and host immune responses is limited. Here, we characterized the genetic variability of RSV during 5 seasons, evaluated role subtypes, genotypes, viral loads in transcriptional profiles.
Abstract N 6 -methyladenosine (m A) is the most prevalent internal modification of mRNAs in eukaryotes. Here we show that RNAs human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are modified by m A within discreet regions and these modifications enhance viral replication pathogenesis. Knockdown methyltransferases decreases RSV gene expression whereas knockdown demethylases has opposite effect. The G transcript contains modifications. Recombinant variants expressing transcripts lack particular clusters...
Significance Measles virus (MeV) vaccine is one of the safest and most efficient vaccines with a track record in children. Here, we generated panel rMeV-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) S antigens inserted near 3′ MeV genome. The rMeV expressing soluble stabilized, prefusion spike (preS) much more potent triggering SARS-CoV-2–specific neutralizing antibody than full-length candidate. A single dose rMeV-preS sufficient to induce high levels SARS-CoV-2...
Significance We report the discovery of fundamental roles for noncanonical inflammasome molecule Caspase-4/11 in promoting pathological inflammatory and prothrombotic pathways severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV-2) infections. Our work demonstrates that Caspase-11 has a broader role immune responses beyond its previously appreciated effects bacterial Further, we show Caspase-11–deficient mice infected with SARS–CoV-2 fare significantly better terms overall illness, lung...
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the main target for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). S trimer anchored in virion membrane its prefusion (preS) but metastable form. preS has been stabilized by introducing two or six proline substitutions, to generate stabilized, soluble 2P HexaPro (6P) proteins. Currently, it not known which form most immunogenic. Here, we generated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) expressing preS-2P,...
Abstract Interferon‐induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is an antiviral that alters cell membranes to block fusion of viruses. Conflicting reports identified opposing effects IFITM3 on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection cells, and its impact viral pathogenesis in vivo remains unclear. Here, we show knockout (KO) mice infected with experience extreme weight loss lethality compared mild wild‐type (WT) mice. KO have higher lung titers increases inflammatory cytokine levels, immune infiltration,...