A5036005209- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
German Center for Infection Research
2015-2025
Heidelberg University
2016-2025
University Hospital Heidelberg
2016-2025
German Cancer Research Center
1991-2021
European Molecular Biology Laboratory
2014-2021
Universität Ulm
2021
University Medical Center Freiburg
2021
University Children's Hospital Tübingen
2021
European Molecular Biology Laboratory
2021
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
2021
Picornavirus RNAs are uncapped messengers and have unusually long 5' nontranslated regions (5'NTRs) which contain many noninitiating AUG triplets. The translational efficiency of different picornavirus varies between cell-free extracts even in the same extract, such as micrococcal nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysates. effect poliovirus 5'NTR on vitro translation was compared with that encephalomyocarditis virus by use synthetic mRNAs, HeLa cell extracts, Artificial mono- dicistronic...
The lipids of enveloped viruses play critical roles in viral morphogenesis and infectivity. They are derived from the host membranes which virus budding occurs, but precise lipid composition has not been determined for any virus. Employing mass spectrometry, this study provides a quantitative analysis constituents HIV comprehensive comparison with its membranes. Both substantial enrichment unusual sphingolipid dihydrosphingomyelin loss infectivity upon inhibition biosynthesis cells reported,...
A colorimetric isothermal RNA amplification method was shown to detect SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples with excellent sensitivity and specificity.
Maturation and inhibition of HIV-1 undergoes a two-step assembly process controlled largely by single region its Gag protein. Schur et al. determined complete atomic model for this within an assembled protein lattice using cryo-electron tomography together with subtomogram averaging. Amino acids from different parts multiple molecules come to form intricate network interactions that drive assembly. The final step maturation into the infectious virus is structural changes in alter...
The major structural components of HIV are synthesized as a 55-kDa polyprotein, Gag. Particle formation is driven by the self-assembly Gag into curved hexameric lattice, structure which poorly understood. We used cryoelectron tomography and contrast-transfer-function corrected subtomogram averaging to study assembled immature lattice ≈17-Å resolution. arranged in virus single, continuous, but incomplete whose curvature mediated without requirement for pentameric defects. resolution allows...
Poliovirus infection of HeLa cells induces rapid shutoff host protein synthesis, whereas translation poliovirus RNA is not inhibited. It presumed that the result proteolytic cleavage component p220 eucaryotic initiation factor 4F. To study whether proteinase 2A involved in this cleavage, we translated synthetic RNAs contained coding region for poliovirus-specific polypeptides P1 and vitro assayed p220. We report here occurred all cases when active was disruption sequence by linker insertion...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) remains a major health threat. Viral capsid uncoating and nuclear import of the viral genome are critical for productive infection. The size HIV-1 is generally believed to exceed diameter pore complex (NPC), indicating that has occur prior import. Here, we combined correlative light electron microscopy with subtomogram averaging capture structural status reverse transcription-competent complexes in infected T cells. We demonstrated NPC cellulo sufficient...
Switching on HIV Newly assembled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virions bud from the host cell as immature particles. Proteolysis of Gag protein, which forms a structural lattice below viral membrane, leads to formation mature infectious HIV. Fusion with target is mediated by envelope (Env) proteins that occur in trimeric “spikes” surface virion. Chojnacki et al. (p. 524 ) used subdiffraction microscopy show spikes were dispersed virion but clustered into single focus The clustering was...
HIV-1 contains a cone-shaped capsid encasing the viral genome. This is thought to follow fullerene geometry-a curved hexameric lattice of protein, CA, closed by incorporating 12 CA pentamers. Current models for core structure are based on crystallography and cross-linked pentameric electron microscopy tubular arrays, simulations. Here, we report subnanometer-resolution cryo-electron tomography structures within intact particles. Whereas hexamer compatible with studies, pentamer forms using...
Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential antigen-presenting for the induction of immunity against pathogens. However, HIV-1 spread is strongly enhanced in clusters DCs and CD4+ T cells. Uninfected capture mediate viral transfer to bystander through a process termed trans-infection. Initial studies identified C-type lectin DC-SIGN as binding factor on DCs, which interacts with envelope glycoproteins. Upon DC maturation, however, down-regulated, while trans-infection via glycoprotein-independent...
Abstract Objectives To describe symptoms and symptom clusters of post-covid syndrome six to 12 months after acute infection, risk factors, examine the association with general health working capacity. Design Population based, cross sectional study Setting Adults aged 18-65 years confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between October 2020 March 2021 notified authorities in four geographically defined regions southern Germany. Participants 50 457 patients were invited participate study, whom 053 (24%)...
Nuclear entry of HIV-1 replication complexes through intact nuclear pore is critical for successful infection. The host protein cleavage-and-polyadenylation-specificity-factor-6 (CPSF6) has been implicated in different stages early replication. Applying quantitative microscopy reverse-transcription and pre-integration-complexes (RTC/PIC), we show that CPSF6 strongly recruited to but absent from cytoplasmic RTC/PIC primary human macrophages. Depletion or lack binding led accumulation subviral...
<h3>Importance</h3> School and daycare closures were enforced as measures to confine the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, based on assumption that young children may play a key role in severe acute respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread. Given grave consequences of contact restrictions for children, better understanding their contribution COVID-19 pandemic is great importance. <h3>Objective</h3> To describe rate SARS-CoV-2 infections seroprevalence antibodies aged 1 10 years,...
HIV-1 replication commences inside the cone-shaped viral capsid, but timing, localization, and mechanism of uncoating are under debate. We adapted a strategy to visualize individual reverse-transcribed cDNA molecules their association with cellular proteins using fluorescence correlative-light-and-electron-microscopy (CLEM). specifically detected nuclei, not in cytoplasm. Nuclear initially co-localized fluorescent integrase fusion (IN-FP) CA (capsid) protein, cDNA-punctae separated from...
Background Self-reported health problems following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are common and often include relatively non-specific complaints such as fatigue, exertional dyspnoea, concentration or memory disturbance sleep problems. The long-term prognosis of post-acute sequelae COVID-19/post-COVID-19 (PCS) is unknown, data finding correlating organ dysfunction pathology with self-reported symptoms in patients non-recovery from PCS scarce. We wanted...