A5038137509- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
Dartmouth College
2020-2025
University of Washington
2010-2024
Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center
2023
Children's Hospital at Dartmouth Hitchcock
2020
Rutgers Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
2020
Marine Biological Laboratory
2020
Wayne State University
2020
Fred Hutch Cancer Center
2010-2014
National Institutes of Health
2010
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2010
The composition of the gut microbiome in persons with CF is correlated lung health outcomes, a phenomenon referred to as gut-lung axis. Here, we demonstrate that intestinal microbe Bacteroides decreases inflammation through production short-chain fatty acid propionate. Supplementing levels an animal model associated reduced systemic and reduction relative abundance opportunistically pathogenic group Escherichia / Shigella gut. Taken together, these data key role for microbially produced...
Abstract The type VI secretion system (T6SS) of Gram-negative bacteria inhibits competitor cells through contact-dependent translocation toxic effector proteins. In Proteobacteria, the T6SS is anchored to cell envelope a megadalton-sized membrane complex (MC). However, genomes Bacteroidota with T6SSs appear lack genes encoding homologs canonical MC components. Here, we identify five in Bacteroides fragilis ( tssNQOPR ) that are essential for function and encode Bacteroidota-specific MC. We...
Evolutionarily young genes that serve essential functions represent a paradox; they must perform function either was not required until after their birth or redundant with another gene. How rapidly acquire is largely unknown. We traced the evolutionary steps by which Drosophila gene Umbrea acquired an role in chromosome segregation D. melanogaster since gene's origin less than 15 million years ago. neofunctionalization occurred via loss of ancestral heterochromatin-localizing domain,...
Abstract Background The human gut microbiome harbors a collection of bacterial antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) known as the resistome. factors associated with establishment resistome in early life are not well understood. We investigated early-life exposures and taxonomic signatures development over first year large, prospective cohort United States. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to profile both microbial composition ARGs stool samples collected at 6 weeks 1 age from infants...
Humans constantly encounter new microbes, but few become long-term residents of the adult gut microbiome. Classical theories predict that colonization is determined by availability open niches, it remains unclear whether other ecological barriers limit commensal in natural settings. To disentangle these effects, we used a controlled perturbation with antibiotic ciprofloxacin to investigate dynamics microbiome transmission 22 households healthy, cohabiting adults. Colonization was rare...
Bacteria encode diverse mechanisms for mediating interbacterial antagonism through the exchange of toxic effector proteins. Although structure, function, and regulation these pathways has been well established many organisms, an understanding their ecological evolutionary dynamics lags behind. Type VI secretion systems (T6SS) deliver effectors between competing Gram-negative bacteria, including among mammalian gut Bacteroidales, resulting in evolution elaborate defense that protect against...
Abstract Background Young children are frequently exposed to antibiotics, with the potential for collateral consequences gut microbiome. The impact of antibiotic exposures off-target microbes (i.e., bacteria not targeted by treatment) and resistance genes (ARGs) is poorly understood. Methods We used metagenomic sequencing data from paired stool samples collected prior exposure at 1 year over 200 infants a difference-in-differences approach assess relationship between subsequent abundance or...
ABSTRACT The healthy human infant gut microbiome undergoes stereotypical changes in taxonomic composition between birth and maturation to an adult-like stable state. During this time, extensive communication microbiota the host immune system contributes health status later life. Although there are many reported associations compositional alterations disease adults, less is known about how development altered pediatric diseases. One linked cystic fibrosis (CF), a multi-organ genetic involving...
ABSTRACT The healthy human infant gut microbiome undergoes stereotypical changes in taxonomic composition between birth and maturation to an adult-like stable state. During this time, extensive communication microbiota the host immune system contributes health status later life. Although there are many reported associations compositional alterations disease adults, less is known about how development altered pediatric diseases. One linked cystic fibrosis (CF), a multi-organ genetic involving...
ABSTRACT Understanding the relationship between composition of human gut microbiota and ecological forces shaping it is high importance as progress towards therapeutic modulation advances. However, given inaccessibility gastrointestinal tract, our knowledge biogeographical relationships physically interacting taxa has been limited to date. It suggested that interbacterial antagonism plays an important role in community dynamics, but practice conditions under which antagonistic behavior...
Implant-associated infection in orthopaedic surgery remains an enormous and largely unsolved clinical problem with a high rate of persistent or recurrent infection. This may be due, at least part, to the potential for underdiagnosis by traditional microbial culture incompletely identify species present.Nucleic acid-based diagnostic techniques, focused on using information contained DNA RNA species, have been developing rapidly garnered escalating interest both research applications.Commonly...
The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) mediates the metaphase-to-anaphase transition by instructing ubiquitination and turnover of key proteins at this stage cell cycle. We have recovered a gain-of-function allele in an APC5 subunit complex/cyclosome. This finding led us to investigate further role Caenorhabditis elegans, which contains two paralogs. shown that these paralogs, such-1 gfi-3, are coexpressed germline but nonoverlapping expression patterns other tissues. Depletion or...
Antimicrobial-resistant infections contribute to millions of deaths worldwide every year. In particular, the group bacteria collectively known as ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp.) pathogens are considerable medical concern due their virulence exceptional ability develop antibiotic resistance. New kinds antimicrobial therapies urgently needed treat patients for whom existing...
Describe co-occurrence or clustering of microbial taxa in fracture-related infections to inform further exploration infection-related interactions among them.Retrospective review.Level 1 trauma center.Four hundred twenty-three patients requiring surgical intervention for deep site infection between January 2006 and December 2015.None.Connection taxa.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative represented the majority monomicrobial observations (71%)....
ABSTRACT Persons with cystic fibrosis, starting in early life, have intestinal microbiome dysbiosis characterized part by a decreased relative abundance of the genus Bacteroides . is major producer short chain fatty acid (SCFA) propionate. We demonstrate here that CFTR-/- Caco-2 epithelial cells are responsive to anti-inflammatory effects Furthermore, isolates inhibit IL-1β-induced inflammatory response and do so propionate-dependent manner. also produce low levels butyrate; this SCFA...
Abstract Background: Antibiotic resistance is an increasing threat to human health. The gut microbiome harbors a collection of bacterial antimicrobial genes (ARGs) known as the resistome. factors associated with establishment resistome in early life are not well understood and clarifying these would inform strategies decrease antibiotic resistance. We investigated early-life exposures taxonomic signatures development over first year large, prospective cohort United States. Shotgun...