Drought stress is a major factor in turfgrass management; however, the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance are not well understood. This greenhouse study was designed to investigate proline and hormone responses two tall fescue [ Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.)] cultivars differing tolerance. The cultivars, Van Gogh (relatively drought-tolerant) AST7002 drought-sensitive), were established grown under either well-watered (maintaining 90% container capacity) or (≈26% then re-watered....

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important cool-season legume plant, which the most widely planted forage after alfalfa. Although a draft genome sequence was published already, sequences and completed structure of mRNA transcripts remain unclear, limit further explore on red clover.In this study, transcriptome sequenced using single-molecule long-read sequencing to identify full-length splice isoforms, 29,730 novel isoforms from known genes 2194 were identified. A total 5492...

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that accumulate in response to heat and other abiotic stressors. Small HSPs (sHSPs) belong the most ubiquitous HSP subgroup with weights ranging from 12 42 kDa. We have cloned a new sHSP gene, AsHSP17 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) studied its role plant environmental stress. encodes protein of 17 Its expression was strongly induced by both leaf root tissues, salt abscisic acid (ABA) roots. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants...

Cytokinin (CK) is a vital plant hormone that controls many aspects of growth and development in plants. Nitrogen (N) the indispensable macronutrient needed plants also one most important limiting factors for growth. This study was designed to investigate simultaneous effects CK N on visual turf quality antioxidant metabolism drought-stressed creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). 'PennA-4' treated with trans-zeatin riboside at three rates concentrations 0, 10 100 μM (designated by...

Changes in fatty acid composition and saturation levels may be involved leaf tolerance to dehydration during drought stress recovery on rewatering. The objective of this study was compare changes compositional acids between two cultivars Kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis L.) contrasting response Drought‐tolerant ‘Midnight’ sensitive ‘Brilliant’ were maintained well‐watered (control) or subjected for 15 d by withholding irrigation then rewatered a growth chamber. Compared Brilliant, Midnight...

Abstract Background Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are critical for plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, especially stress. They have also been implicated in various aspects of development. However, the acting mechanisms sHSPs plants, perennial grass species, remain largely elusive. Results In this study, AsHSP26.8a , a novel chloroplast-localized sHSP gene from creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L.) was cloned its role environmental stress studied. encodes protein 26.8...

Perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) is a widely used turfgrass. In this study, the effect of exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on salt stress tolerance perennial was investigated. The results indicated that pretreatment with four concentrations EBR (0, 0.1, 10, 1000 nM) improved ryegrass. Exogenous treatment decreased electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H 2 O contents enhanced leaf relative water content (RWC), proline, soluble sugar, protein under condition....

Heat stress is a major limiting factor for growth of cool-season perennial grass species, and mechanisms heat tolerance have not been well understood. This study was designed to investigate antioxidant enzyme hormone metabolism responses in two kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis L.) cultivars contrasting tolerance. The plants were subjected 20/20 °C [day/night (control)] or 38/30 (heat stress)] 28 days chambers. increased leaf electrolyte leakage (EL) malondialdehyde (MDA) with heat-tolerant...

Beneficial effects of spermidine (Spd) on alleviating abiotic stress damage have been explored in plants for hundreds years, but limited information is available about its roles regulating lipids signaling and metabolism during heat stress. White clover (Trifolium repens) were pretreated with 70 μM Spd then subjected to high temperature (38/33 °C) 20 days. To further investigate the effect tolerance, transgenic Arabidopsisthaliana overexpressing a TrSAMS encoding key enzyme involved...

Traffic stress causes turfgrass injury and soil compaction but the underlying physiological mechanisms are not well documented. The objectives of this study were to investigate responses kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis ), tall fescue Festuca arundinacea japanese zoysiagrass Zoysia japonica ) three levels traffic during growing season under simulated soccer conditions. Relative leaf water content (LWC), shoot density, chlorophyll concentration (LCC), membrane permeability, antioxidant...

Abstract Ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.), a high-quality forage grass, is good nutrient source for herbivorous livestock. However, improving nitrogen use efficiency and avoiding nitrate toxicity caused by excessive are continual challenges in ryegrass production. The molecular mechanism underlying the response of to nitrogen, especially remains unclear. In this study, transcriptomic changes under different levels were investigated perennial high-throughput next-generation RNA sequencing....

Zoysia japonica is a warm-season turfgrass with good tolerance and minimal maintenance requirements. However, its use in Northern China limited due to massive chlorophyll loss early fall, which the main factor affecting distribution utilization. Although ethephon treatment at specific concentrations has reportedly improved stress extended green period turfgrass, potential mechanisms underlying this effect are not clear. In study, we evaluated analyzed changes physiology transcriptome of Z....

Several locally available materials were tested to create an optimized growth substrate for arid and semiarid Mediterranean extensive green roofs. The study involved a four-step screening procedure. At the first step, 10 different including pumice (Pum), crushed tiles grade 1–2 mm (T ), 2–4 5–8 5–16 4–22 ); bricks of either (B ) or 2–8 thermally treated clay (TC); zeolite (Zeo). All their particle size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC). results compared compliance with existing...

Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) is considered to be an essential enzyme for regulating the biosynthesis and composition of lignin. To investigate properties function ZjHCT4, ZjHCT4 gene was cloned from Zoysia japonica with a completed coding sequence 1284-bp in length, encoding 428 amino acids. The promoter has several methyl jasmonate (MeJA) response elements. According analysis expression patterns, it up-regulated by MeJA, GA3 (Gibberellin), SA...