Mouse peritoneal macrophages were activated to become cytotoxic against B16-BL6 melanoma cells by the combination of subthreshold amounts murine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; 0.1 10 U/ml) and N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP; 0.001 micrograms/ml), but not pH 2-treated IFN-gamma MDP, heat-treated or inactive stereoisomer N-acetyl-muramyl-D-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP-D). The encapsulation intact MDP within same liposome preparation was synergistic for macrophage activation. In...

Hydroethidine, a reduced form of ethidium bromide, was used as vital dye in fluorescence assays that allowed visual and semiquantitative monitoring uptake accumulation by microscopy, flow cytometry, image analysis, microfluorimetry. The excitation emission filters were chosen to detect hydroethidine exclude ethidium. Microscopically, there differences intensities patterns among various tumor cell lines. pattern varied from homogeneous blue the cytoplasm plus brilliant packets bluish-white...

Highly purified human blood monocytes, isolated by continuous Percoll density gradients under endotoxin-free conditions, and mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM) were activated in vitro the combination of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) recombinant interferon-gamma (r-IFN-gamma) to become tumoricidal against their respective tumorigenic target cells. The activation monocytes or PEM free unencapsulated r-IFN-gamma MDP was species specific: lyse allogeneic melanoma cells, but did not activate...

This study is designed to establish a pulmonary tumour model investigate the biology and therapy of lung cancer in mice. Current methods for forming solitary intrapulmonary nodule subsequent metastasis mediastinal lymph nodes are not well defined. Lewis carcinoma (LLC) cell suspensions were orthotopically introduced into parenchyma C57/BL6 mice via limited skin incision without thoracotomy followed by direct puncture through intercostal space. The implantation process was performed within...

The adjuvant and tumor-suppressive activities of the quinonyl [2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(9'-carboxynonyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (QS-10)] derivatives N-acetyl muramyl dipeptides were examined. N-Acetyl muramyl-L-valyl-D-isoglutamine (MurNac-L-Val-D-isoGln), QS-10-MurNAc-L-Val-D-isoGln, their methyl esters shown to have potent activity on induction delayed-type hypersensitivity monoazobenzenarsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs primary immune response against sheep erythrocytes vitro;...

We studied the effects of in vivo administrations recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on metastasis murine hematogenous and non-hematogenous tumors spontaneous experimental models. Spontaneous lung caused by intra-footpad injections B16-BL6 melanoma Lewis-lung-carcinoma (3LL) cells were inhibited intravenous (i.v.) subcutaneous (s.c.) rhG-CSF after excision primary tumors. Recombinant hG-CSF significantly liver when administered i.v. injection L5178Y-ML25...

Abstract The effect of the administration recombinant interferon‐γ. (rlFN‐γ) and a synthetic lipid A subunit analog (GLA‐60) on angiogenesis induced by B16‐BL6 melanoma was examined in syngeneic C57BLJ.6 mice. Intravenous rlFN‐γ followed GLA‐60 (referred to as rIFN‐γ/GLA‐60) endogenous production tumor necrosis factor (TNF). This treatment day 3 after inoculation caused marked decrease number vessels oriented towards mass (angiogenic response) size over period 9 days. In contrast, neither...

The adjuvant activity of 29 kinds carbohydrate analogs N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine on the induction delayed-type hypersensitivity to azobenzenearsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine was examined in guinea pigs. It found that D-manno- and D-galacto-type muramyldipeptides were as active D-gluco-type muramyldipeptide (MDP). structural requirement moiety is discussed.

Gel was prepared from 6-O-carboxymethyl-chitin (CM-chitin) by the addition of iron(III) chloride under mild conditions without any organic solvent. The optimal for gel formation were 15 to 30 mM and 0.5 0.8 degree substitution in CM-chitin. amounts bovine serum albumin (BSA) anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) incorporated into CM-chitin gels more than 80% 30%, respectively described above. release BSA or DOX observed be increased lysozyme digestion a time-dependent manner. This result...

The immunological properties of peptidoglycan (L-PG) purified from the cell wall skeleton (L-CWS) Listeria monocytogenes strain EGD were investigated and compared with L-CWS. L-PG consisted alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic muramic glucosamine. showed potent adjuvant activities for circulating antibody formation development delayed-type hypersensitivity to bacterial alpha-amylase in vivo primary immune response sheep erythrocytes vitro, as well Both L-CWS enhanced...

We have reported that the selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839), suppressed intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma CBO140C12 cells. In this study, we focused on tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signalling pathways. Real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction showed TNF-α mRNA was expressed in large quantities implanted tumour. Gefitinib inhibited EGF- but not hepatocyte (HGF)-induced activation...