A5090137641- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Open Source Software Innovations
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Asphalt Pavement Performance Evaluation
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Health and Wellbeing Research
- Older Adults Driving Studies
- Interprofessional Education and Collaboration
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Edith Cowan University
2019-2021
The University of Western Australia
2019-2020
University of Rochester
2006-2016
J. Craig Venter Institute
2007
New England Biolabs (United States)
2007
Washington University in St. Louis
2007
Clemson University
2007
University of Chicago
2002-2006
University of Miami
2004
University of Ioannina
2004
Parasitoid Wasp Genomes wasps, which prey on and reproduce in host insect species, play important roles plant herbivore interactions, may provide valuable tools the biological control of pest species. The Nasonia Genome Working Group (p. 343 ; see news story by Pennisi ) presents genome three very closely related species: vitripennis, N. giraulti , longicornis . findings document rapid evolution between a endosymbiont that can cause nuclear-cytoplasmic incompatibilities affect speciation.
Although common among bacteria, lateral gene transfer—the movement of genes between distantly related organisms—is thought to occur only rarely bacteria and multicellular eukaryotes. However, the presence endosymbionts, such as Wolbachia pipientis , within some eukaryotic germlines may facilitate bacterial transfers host genomes. We therefore examined genomes for evidence transfer events from their hosts. found confirmed into four insect nematode species that range nearly entire genome...
A synthetic peptide (SP-10-IIIB) with an amino acid sequence [Cys-Thr-Arg-Pro-Asn-Asn-Asn-Thr-Arg-Lys-Ser-Ile-Arg-Ile-Gln-Arg-Gly-Pro -Pro-Gly-(Tyr); acids 303-321] from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolate T-cell lymphotropic type III (HTLV-III) HTLV-IIIB envelope glycoprotein gp120 was coupled to tetanus toxoid and used raise goat antibodies HIV gp120. Goat anti-SP-10-IIIB serum bound surface of HTLV-IIIB-infected CEM T cells but not HTLV-IIIRF-infected or uninfected cells....
Wolbachia infect a variety of arthropod and nematode hosts, but in arthropods, host phylogenetic relationships are usually poor predictors strain similarity. This suggests that new infections often established by horizontal transmission. To gain insight into the factors affecting probability transmission among species, we ask how phylogeny, geographical distribution ecology affect patterns We used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to characterize similarity dipteran hosts associated with...
ABSTRACT Wolbachia strains are endosymbiotic bacteria typically found in the reproductive tracts of arthropods. These manipulate host reproduction to ensure maternal transmission. They usually transmitted vertically, so it has been predicted that they have evolved a mechanism target host's germ cells during development. Through cytological analysis we display various affinities for line Drosophila . Different show posterior, anterior, or cortical localization embryos, and this is congruent...
Abstract Wolbachia is an intracellular microbe harbored by a wide variety of arthropods (including Drosophila) and filarial nematodes. Employing several different strategies including male killing, induced parthenogenesis, cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, acting as-yet-unknown mechanisms, alters host reproduction to increase its representation within population. closely associated with gametic incompatibility but also interacts Drosophila in other, little understood ways. We report...
A highly immunogenic epitope from a conserved COOH-terminal region of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp120 envelope protein has been identified with antisera HIV-seropositive subjects and synthetic peptide (SP-22) containing 15 amino acids this (Ala-Pro-Thr-Lys-Ala-Lys-Arg-Arg-Val-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Arg). Peptide SP-22 absorbed up to 100% anti-gp120 antibody reactivity select HIV+ patient sera in immunoblot assays 79% serum competition RIA. In RIA, 45% had antibodies that bound...
Abstract Antigenic sites on human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) gp46 and gp21 envelope glycoproteins that are immunogenic in man were studied with gene (env)-encoded synthetic peptides a mAb to HTLV-I glycoprotein. Antibodies 78% of sera from seropositive subjects reacted peptide 4A (amino acids 190 209) central region gp46. Human anti-HTLV-I antibodies also bound 6 (29% sera) 7 (18% C-terminal 296 312) an N-terminal 374 392), respectively. 1C11 raised affinity-purified external...
Bacteriophage flux can cause the majority of genetic diversity in free-living bacteria. This tenet bacterial genome evolution generally does not extend to obligate intracellular bacteria owing their reduced contact with other microbes and a predominance gene deletion over transfer. However, recent studies suggest coinfections same host facilitate exchange mobile elements between bacteria—a means by which these partially mitigate reductive forces lifestyle. To test whether bacteriophages...
Abstract Wolbachia are a group of maternally transmitted obligatory intracellular α-proteobacteria that infect wide range arthropod and nematode species. infection in Drosophila most cases is associated with the induction cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), manifested as embryonic lethality offspring cross between infected males uninfected females. While molecular basis CI still unknown, it has been suggested two bacterial functions involved: mod (for modification) modifies sperm during...
This study compares the detection sensitivity of two separate liquid biopsy sources, cell-free (cf) DNA/RNA and extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated (EV-DNA/RNA), to identify circulating Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) in plasma obtained from patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPCSCC). We also report on longitudinal changes observed HPV-DNA levels response treatment.A prospective was conducted that included 22 locally advanced disease six metastatic OPCSCC. Twenty-three had...
The genetic basis of morphological differences among species is still poorly understood. We investigated the sex-specific in wing size between two closely related Nasonia by positional cloning a major male-specific locus, wing-size1 (ws1). Male increases 45% through cell and number changes when ws1 allele from N. giraulti backcrossed into vitripennis background. A approach was used to fine-scale map locus 13.5 kilobase region. This region falls prospero (a transcription factor involved...
Wolbachia pipientis are obligate intracellular bacteria commonly found in many arthropods. They can induce various reproductive alterations hosts, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male-killing, feminization, and parthenogenetic development, provide host protection against some viruses other pathogens. differ from primary endosymbionts arthropods because they undergo frequent horizontal transmission between hosts well known for an abundance of mobile elements relatively high...
Abstract Transferring endosymbiotic bacteria between different host species can perturb the coordinated regulation of and bacterial genomes. Here we use most common maternally transmitted bacteria, Wolbachia pipientis, to test consequences genetic background on infection densities processes underlying those changes in parasitoid wasp genus Nasonia. Introgressing genome Nasonia giraulti into infected cytoplasm N. vitripennis causes a two-order-of-magnitude increase loads adults proliferation...
Thrips exhibit different reproductive modes including thelytoky (females produced from unfertilized eggs), arrhenotoky (males eggs and females fertilized eggs) deuterotoky males eggs).We investigated patterns of in onion thrips, tabaci Lindeman, populations potential effects the bacterium Wolbachia temperature on these modes.We also examined possibility that male-producing T. were resistant to frequently used insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin methomyl.In New York during 2002Ð2004, sampled 20...
Thrips exhibit different reproductive modes including thelytoky (females produced from unfertilized eggs), arrhenotoky (males eggs and females fertilized eggs) deuterotoky males eggs). We investigated patterns of in onion thrips, tabaci Lindeman, populations potential effects the bacterium Wolbachia temperature on these modes. also examined possibility that male-producing T. were resistant to frequently used insecticides, lambda-cyhalothrin methomyl. In New York during 2002–2004, sampled 20...
There is increasing recognition of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) as a non-invasive alternative to tissue for the molecular characterisation and monitoring disease. Recent evidence suggests that cancer-associated changes can also be detected in contained within extracellular vesicles (EVs). As yet, there has been limited investigation into relationship between EV ctDNA, no studies have examined breast cancer patients. The aim this study was use low-pass whole-genome sequencing identify copy...
Abstract Wolbachia is an intracellular microbe found in a wide diversity of arthropod and filarial nematode hosts. In arthropods these common bacteria are reproductive parasites that manipulate central elements their host's reproduction to increase own maternal transmission one several ways. Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) such manipulation where sperm somehow modified infected males this modification must be rescued by the presence same bacterial strain egg for normal development proceed....
A PCR based quantitative assay was used to determine Wolbachia infection levels in three different Drosophila strains. In addition, confocal microscopy confirm and calibrate these results. ranged from 2,600 18,500 per egg. Single ovaries testes each of the strains were also assayed using calibrated assay. general correlation found between bacterial eggs those testis. These consistent with expression cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). two D. simulans, although overall numbers not significantly...