This study compared Web-based assessment techniques with traditional paper-based methods of commonly used measures alcohol use. Test-retest reliabilities were obtained, and tests validity conducted. A total 255 participants randomly assigned to 1 3 conditions: (P&P), (Web), or interruption (Web-I). Follow-up assessments week later indicated ranging from .59 .93 within all across methods. Significantly high test-retest reliability coefficients support the use these for research clinical...

Significance Manipulating the microbial communities associated with animals to improve host health requires a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms driving microbiome variation, which strict focus on host-specific factors has been insufficient in providing. We performed an experiment test whether movement, or dispersal, microorganisms among zebrafish hosts could alter effects important factors, using dispersal-based model guide interpretation results. observed that interhost dispersal...

L-929 cells were killed when approximately 50 viable Rickettsia prowazekii organisms per L-cell centrifuged onto a monolayer. The glycerophospholipids of the hydrolyzed to lysophosphatides and free fatty acids. Concomitantly, there was loss membrane integrity as shown by release lactate dehydrogenase 86Rb permeability trypan blue dye. No glycerophospholipid hydrolysis or cytotoxicity occurred rickettsiae inactivated heat, UV irradiation, N-ethylmaleimide, metabolic inhibitors before their...

Twenty samples from cases of rabies in humans and domestic animals diagnosed Venezuela between 1990 1994 one sample a vampire bat collected 1976 were characterized by reactivity to monoclonal antibodies against the viral nucleoprotein patterns nucleotide substitution gene. Three antigenic variants found: 1, 3, 5. Antigenic variant 1 included all dogs infected contact with rabid dogs. Unique substitutions permitted identification two separate outbreaks dog Maracaibo Depression Los Llanos...

Incubation of Rickettsia prowazeki with sheep or human erythrocytes resulted in lysis the and formation free fatty acids lysophosphatides. Inhibitors were also invariably inhibitors this phospholipase A activity. The target for activity was glycerophospholipids erythrocyte not those rickettsia. Rickettsial phosphatidylethanolamine labeled 32 PO 4 [ 3 H]acetate remained intact during lysis, composition released resembled that species used rickettsiae. products hydrolysis associated...

Vegetated coastal marine systems, also known as blue carbon ecosystems, are traditionally recognized for capture and long-term storage both within their biomass via organic accumulation in underlying sediments. Recently, alkalinity generation the sediments of such seagrasses, has been proposed an additional sink atmospheric dioxide. Seagrasses can provide matter required to fuel biogeochemical processes that increase sediments, bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR). BSR produces by reducing...

Although most models conceptualize a metacommunity as collection of habitat patches embedded in matrix that is not hospitable to life, new applications theory host-microbiome systems have shown this assumption be flawed. Frequently the at least somewhat species normally reside patches. We modify an existing patch dynamic model incorporate possibility and expand process dispersal include moving out patch, surviving/growing matrix, into patch. With these alterations, we find it substantially...

The phospholipid composition and fatty acid of purified Rickettsia prowazeki were determined. lipid phosphorous content was 6.8 +/- 1.3 microgram/mg total rickettsial protein. major phosphatidylethanolamine (60 to 70%); phosphatidylglycerol constituted 20%, phosphatidylcholine 15%. Small amounts phosphatidylserine cardiolipin detected. principal acids 18:1, 16:1, 16:0. the in extracts very different than that other phosphatides similar normal yolk sac phosphatidylcholine. specific...

Abstract Body size is an important trait of any organism, including phytoplankton, because it affects physiological and morphological performance, reproduction, population growth rate competitive interactions. Understanding how interacting top-down bottom-up factors influence phytoplankton cell in different aquatic environments still a challenge. Structural equation modeling (SEM) comprehensive multivariate statistical tool for detecting cause–effect relationship among variables their...

The interaction of large numbers viable Rickettsia prowazekii cells with L-cells results in the expression a phospholipase A activity concomitant release free fatty acids and lysophosphatides from phospholipids L-cell. About 50% rickettsiae present suspension that was centrifuged onto an L-cell monolayer at 0 degree C to effect this formed tight L-cell-rickettsiae association which could not be removed by simple washing. Both before interact N-ethylmaleimide, so subsequent inhibited...