Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are frequently detected in the environment linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes humans. Although legacy PFAS have been phased out due their toxicity, alternative increasingly used despite fact that information on toxic effects traits is particularly scarce. Here, we exposed male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) for a short period (21 days) an environmentally realistic concentration (1 ppb) of PFOA, PFAS, its replacement compound, GenX, assess...

The expression of Ki67, BCL-2, and COX-2 was investigated in 53 canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) by immunohistochemistry quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to evaluate their prognostic significance the association with histologic grading mitotic index (MI). MCTs were graded according Patnaik system novel 2-tier proposed Kiupel. numbers figures/10 high-power fields (MI) counted. Both systems significantly associated prognosis. limited value for grade 2 MCTs, 23%...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in livestock and human beings is a major economic health concern. Natural polyphenolic substances with antioxidant properties have proven to be effective ameliorating AFB1-induced toxicity. Here we assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of curcumin (pure curcumin, C, from Curcuma longa, CL) bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line (BFH12). First, measured viability cells exposed AFB1 presence or absence treatment. Then, explored all transcriptional changes...

Malignant canine mammary tumors represent 50% of all neoplasms in female dogs. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are thought to be involved tumor progression, they also associated with the reactive stroma, which provides structural vascular support for growth. MMP-2, MMP-9 MT1-MMP were expressed at both mRNA protein levels samples. MMP-2 immunohistochemical reactions evident epithelial cells stromal compartment varying degrees; particular, intensity staining was...

Aflatoxins, and particularly aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are toxic mycotoxins to humans farm animal species, resulting in acute chronic toxicities. At present, AFB1 is still considered a global concern with negative impacts on health, the economy, social life. In animals, exposure AFB1-contaminated feed may cause several untoward effects, liver damage being one of most devastating ones. present study, we assessed vitro transcriptional changes caused by bovine fetal hepatocyte-derived cell line...

The dietary supplementation of yeast cell wall extracts (YCW) has been found to reduce pathogenic bacteria load, promote immunoglobulin production, prevent diseases by pro-inflammatory responses, and alter gut microbiota composition. This study evaluated growth slaughter results, health, morphology, immune status transcriptome 576 male chickens fed two diets, i.e. C (control) or Y (with 250-500 g/t YCW fractions according the period). At 21 42 d jejunum 12 per diet were sampled stained with...

Abstract Background Canine subcutaneous mast cell tumours (ScMCTs) reportedly have a good prognosis. However, biomarkers that can be used to predict outcome are currently limited. Methods A multicentre prospective study was conducted identify new prognostic markers. Dogs with first occurrence of ScMCT were enrolled upon primary tumour removal and regional lymphadenectomy. In the absence metastasis, dogs monitored, while overtly metastatic lymph nodes (histological node 3, HN3) received...

Cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) are among the most common neoplasms in dogs and show a highly variable biologic behavior. Histological grading, proliferation markers, KIT immunohistochemistry typically used to predict post-surgical prognosis. In present study, c-KIT messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was measured canine MCTs its relationship with tumor grade, immunohistochemical staining pattern, prognosis, mutations investigated. A significant increase of mRNA observed versus healthy skin...

Background Distant metastases in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCT) are rare and incurable. The aims of this prospective study were to clarify the clinico‐pathological features stage IV cMCTs identify possible prognostic factors for progression‐free interval (PFI) survival time (ST). Material methods Dogs eligible recruitment if they had a previously untreated, histologically confirmed cMCT underwent complete staging demonstrating disease. uniformly followed‐up, whereas treatment...

Stabilization of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in promoters is a novel promising strategy to regulate gene expression at transcriptional and translational levels. c-KIT proto-oncogene encodes for tyrosine kinase receptor. It involved several physiological processes, but it also dysregulated many diseases, including cancer. Two G-rich sequences able fold into G4, have been identified proximal promoter, thus representing suitable targets anticancer intervention. Herein, we screened an "in...

The regulation of conformational arrangements gene promoters is a physiological mechanism that has been associated with the fine control expression. Indeed, it can drive time and location for selective recruitment proteins transcriptional machinery. Here, we address this issue at KIT proximal promoter where three G-quadruplex forming sites are present (kit1, kit2 kit*). On model, focused on interplay between (G4) formation SP1 recruitment. By site directed mutagenesis, prepared library...

G-quadruplex (G4) structures that can form at guanine-rich genomic sites, including telomeres and gene promoters, are actively involved in genome maintenance, replication, transcription, through finely tuned interactions with protein networks. In the present study, we identified intermediate filament Vimentin as a binder nanomolar affinity for those G-rich sequences give rise to least two adjacent G4 units, named repeats. This interaction is supported by N-terminal domains of soluble...

Background/Objectives: Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the second most common malignant neoplasms in dogs. Histopathological grading and clinical staging main tools for estimating biological behavior disease extent; thus, both essential therapeutic decision-making prognostication. However, of MCTs dogs is variable, it sometimes deviates from expectations. In a previous study, we identified 12 transcripts whose expression profile allowed clear distinction between Kiupel low-grade high-grade...

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold> The introduction of genetic tests based on next-generation sequencing techniques into veterinary cancer diagnostics provides information molecularly targeted therapies useful for dogs. However, there is still a lack in vitro studies describing the effect and mechanism action such anticancer drugs companion animals. Our study aimed to demonstrate activity commonly used PARP inhibitor, olaparib, canine lymphoma leukemia cells as well indicate its...

Cattle represent an important source of animal-derived food-products; nonetheless, our knowledge about the expression drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in present and other food-producing animals still remains superficial, despite obvious toxicological consequences. Breed represents internal factor that modulates DME catalytic activity. In work, effect breed upon relevant phase I II DMEs was investigated at pretranscriptional post-translational levels male Charolais (CH), Piedmontese (PM)...

Abstract Epigenetic deregulation is a hallmark of cancer characterized by frequent acquisition new DNA methylation in CpG islands. To gain insight into the changes canine DLBCL, we investigated methylome primary DLBCLs comparison with control lymph nodes genome-wide microarray. We identified 1,194 target loci showing different levels tumors compared controls. The hypermethylated included promoter, 5′-UTRs, upstream and exonic regions. Interestingly, targets polycomb repressive complex stem...

Grape pomace (GPO), the main by-product of wine making process, is a rich source polyphenols with potent antioxidant properties. Recently, GPO has emerged as potential feed additive in livestock nutrition, several reports describing its beneficial effects on animals’ overall health status or production traits. However, little known about it from molecular biology standpoint. In present study, we report first RNA sequencing-based whole-transcriptome profiling Friesian calves fed...

The increasing demand for more animal products put pressure on improving livestock production efficiency and sustainability. In this context, advanced nutrition studies appear indispensable. Here, the effect of grape pomace (GP), polyphenol-rich agricultural by-product, was evaluated Holstein-Friesian cows' whole-blood transcriptome, milk composition. Two experimental groups were set up. first one received a basal diet served as control, while second 7.5% GP-supplemented total 60 days. Milk...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a natural feed and food contaminant classified as group I carcinogen for humans. In the dairy industry, AFB1 its derivative, AFM1, are of concern related economic losses their possible presence in milk products. Among toxic effects, can cause oxidative stress. Thus, dietary supplementation with antioxidants has been considered among strategies to mitigate toxicity. Here, protective role resveratrol (R) investigated foetal bovine hepatocyte cell line (BFH12) exposed...