Some bacteria think plastic is fantastic Bacteria isolated from outside a bottle-recycling facility can break down and metabolize plastic. The proliferation of plastics in consumer products, bottles to clothing, has resulted the release countless tons into environment. Yoshida et al. show how biodegradation by specialized could be viable bioremediation strategy (see Perspective Bornscheuer). new species, Ideonella sakaiensis , breaks using two enzymes hydrolyze PET primary reaction...

Most petroleum-derived plastics, as exemplified by poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), are chemically inactive and highly resistant to microbial attack. The accumulation of plastic waste results in environmental pollution threatens ecosystems, referred the "microplastic issue". Recently, PET hydrolytic enzymes (PHEs) have been identified we reported degradation a consortium its bacterial resident, Ideonella sakaiensis. Bioremediation may thus provide an alternative solution recycling waste....

Abstract Cutinases are promising agents for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bio-recycling because of their ability to produce the PET monomer terephthalic acid with high efficiency under mild reaction conditions. In this study, we found that low-crystallinity (lcPET) hydrolysis activity thermostable cutinase from Thermobifida fusca (TfCut2), was increased by addition cationic surfactant attracts enzymes near lcPET film surface via electrostatic interactions. This approach applicable...

Enzymatic degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is promising because this process safer than conventional industrial approaches. Recently, a cationic PET hydrolase (PETase) was identified from Ideonella sakaiensis. Pre-incubation low-crystallinity film with anionic surfactants prior to initiating the reaction found improve PETase activity 120-fold. After 36 h at 30 °C, thickness decreased by 22 %. The binding makes surface anionic, thereby attracting PETase. Mutagenesis showed...

We studied the relation of oxygen delivery, mixed venous oxygenation, and pulmonary hemodynamics to prognosis in 50 randomly selected patients with chronic obstructive disease. Cardiac catheterization was performed when were clinically stable. Four years later, 27 (54 per cent) had died respiratory failure. At time catheterization, who subsequently lived similar those age, physical characteristics, hematocrit. Nonsurvivors significantly lower arterial tension higher carbon dioxide tension....

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a recently rediscovered pro-inflammatory cytokine that has the unique potential to override anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids. Since recent reports suggest pivotal role MIF in acute lung injury, we examined protective effect anti-MIF antibody on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury rats. Rats were injected with LPS (7 mg/kg) intraperitoneally or without pretreatment antibody. The significantly attenuated LPS-induced neutrophils...

We studied the effects of liposomes on pulmonary circulation sheep and found a close correlation between liposome retention in lung intravascular macrophages. A test dose (5.5 mumol total lipids) injected intravenously transiently increased arterial pressure from 24 +/- 2 to 55 16 (SD) cmH2O. The responses were dependent reproducible. rise was blocked completely by indomethacin 75% thromboxane synthase inhibitor. Systemic B2 concentration base-line level less than 50 pg/ml 250 130 at peak...

Hypercapnia observed in patients with chronic respiratory failure may not be an ominous sign for prognosis when they are receiving long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). In this study, we selected 4,552 obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 3,028 sequelae of tuberculosis (TBsq) LTOT from 1985 to 1993 throughout Japan prospectively analyzed their prognoses. The hypercapnic (PaCO2 ⩾ 45 mm Hg) had a better than the normocapnic (35 ⩽ PaCO2 < TBsq, but no difference was found between two groups...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-mediated asymmetric decarboxylation of disubstituted malonic acidsKenji Miyamoto and Hiromichi OhtaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 10, 4077–4078Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00166a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00166a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views584Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT...

Although long-term home oxygen therapy (LTOT) certainly prolongs survival, it is not known whether this advantageous effect similar for both sexes. In study, we analyzed sex-related differences in survival based on a very large population that had received LTOT from 1986 to 1993. A total of 9,759 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sequelae tuberculosis (TBsq), and interstitial pneumonia (IP) were selected 1,212 medical institutions analysis rates. The rates sexes...

The profen family belongs to the most important non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A considerable number of biocatalytic processes for synthesis optically pure (S)-profens have been proposed. Despite excellent enantioselectivity and large advantages that enzyme catalysis offers in terms sustainability, failed so far meet technical economic challenges commercialization. This critical review outlines recent trends developments novel applications appear very promising...

Abstract Decarboxylases are very useful tools for the defunctionalization of organic molecules under mild reaction conditions. They have been applied synthesis alcohols, carboxylic acids, diamines, terminal olefins, and other important chemicals. Moreover, several decarboxylases catalyze fixation carbon dioxide, which makes them promising catalysts utilization this resource. Interestingly, show promiscuous activities such as enzymatic racemization stereoselective hydration. Despite high...

This study examined the role of cysteine proteinases and their inhibitor in development emphysema comparison with neutrophil elastase (NE) complexed alpha1-protease (NE-alpha1-PI), which was previously demonstrated to be increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from subjects subclinical emphysema. Eight nonsmokers 31 current smokers (n=17) without (n=14) emphysema, as evidenced by lung computed tomographic scans, were studied. The concentrations immunologically detected cathepsin L...

An EtOH extract of fruits Piper longum was found to exhibit a potent inhibitory effect against alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)-induced melanin production in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Bioassay-directed fractionation led the isolation prenylated phenolic compounds bakuchiol, bavachin, and isobavachalcone. These crude P. may have suppressive effects pigmentation by skin.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a unique cytokine that reportedly overrides the anti-inflammatory effect of endogenous glucocorticoids. MIF has been demonstrated to be involved in variety inflammatory diseases. In this study, we examined role bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury and fibrosis. The levels tissues bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were significantly increased period 5–10 days after intratracheal administration BLM. Treatment with anti-MIF antibody reduced mortality...

Ixodes persulcatus serves as a tick vector for Borrelia garinii and afzelii in Japan; however, unidentified spirochetes have been isolated from other species of ticks. In this study, 13 isolates ticks (6 tanuki, 6 turdus, 1 columnae) 3 voles (Clethrionomys rufocanus) were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, rRNA gene restriction fragment length polymorphism, partial sequencing the outer surface protein C (OspC) gene, whole DNA-DNA hybridization, 16S...

In an attempt to further evaluate the role of neutrophil elastase (NE) in development emphysema, we examined immunologic quantity NE bound alpha 1-protease inhibitor (PI), inhibitory activity, and molecular pattern 1-PI unconcentrated bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant from 36 community-based older volunteers. They were classified into three groups: 10 current smokers with low attenuation areas (LAAs) on lung computed tomography (CT) scans who considered have subclinical 13 had...

A novel decarboxylase which catalyzes an enantioselective decarboxylation of alpha-aryl-alpha-methylmalonates to alpha-arylpropionates has been purified from a soil bacterium Alcaligenes bronchisepticus KU 1201. The enzyme was 300-fold homogeneity, judged the analysis N-terminal amino acid sequence, and found be monomeric apparent 24 kDa. giving alpha-arylalkanoates substituted malonates such as alpha-arylmalonate alpha-alkyl-alpha-arylmalonates. is not biotin containing because avidin have...

The ventilatory response to isocapnic progressive hypoxia and hyperoxic hypercapnia in 24 diabetic patients were compared with those of sex age matched normal control subjects. heart rate was also measured both groups. In the responses significantly lower than group (0.10 v 0.24 l/min/% fall/m2 0.5 l 1.27 beats/min/% fall respectively). higher (1.09 0.76 l/min/mm Hg/m2) patients. There a significant correlation between hypoxic (r = 0.56), but not 0.28). addition, had weak correlations...

The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi was detected in the adult stage of ixodid ticks Ixodes persulcatus and I. ovatus collected various localities Japan. total prevalence values were 16.6% 777 23.6% 687 ovatus. Sixty-two (63.9%) 97 isolates from contained 30–34-kD heterogeneous outer surface protein A (OspA) that reacted with monoclonal antibody H5332. In contrast, all 128 homogeneous regard to type 30-kD OspA protein, different their composition. These data suggest transmission...

Abstract Protein‐based nanoparticles hold promise for a broad range of applications. Here, we report the production uniform anionic hollow protein nanoparticle, designated TIP60, which spontaneously assembles from designed fusion subunit based on geometric features polyhedra. We show that TIP60 tolerates mutation and both its interior exterior surfaces can be chemically modified. Moreover, forms larger structures upon addition cationic protein. Therefore, used as modifiable nano‐building...

Adenosine, a purine nucleoside, plays variety of roles in cardiovascular and ventilatory control, may be marker tissue hypoxia. There is, however, no direct evidence an increase plasma or levels adenosine during moderate hypoxia humans. We measured the concentrations artery median cubital vein simultaneously 12 normal volunteers, also internal jugular seven them normoxia (SaO2 = 80%, 20 min) with without dipyridamole (0.6 mg/kg) pretreatment. Dipyridamole was expected to block reuptake by...

We have characterized an esterase expressed from the putative gene (ST0071) selected total genome analysis thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7. The ORF was cloned and as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli. purified with heat treatment, affinity column chromatography, size exclusion filtration. optimum activity for ester cleavage against p-nitrophenyl esters observed at around 70 °C pH 7.5–8.0. enzyme exhibited high thermostability also showed mixture of buffer...