A5087605616- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Solidification and crystal growth phenomena
Fraternal Order of Eagles
2014-2024
University of California, Los Angeles
2023-2024
University of Iowa
2014-2024
UCLA Health
2023-2024
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
2021
Iowa City Public Library
2018
University of Utah
2009-2015
Iowa Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center
2014-2015
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
2012-2013
Shaanxi Normal University
2008-2010
Vascular dysfunction that accompanies obesity and insulin resistance may be mediated by lipid metabolites. We sought to determine if vascular ceramide leads arterial elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Pharmacological inhibition of de novo synthesis, using Ser palmitoyl transferase inhibitor myriocin, heterozygous deletion dihydroceramide desaturase prevented hypertension in mice after high-fat feeding. These findings were recapitulated isolated arteries vitro, confirming impairs...
Impaired insulin signaling via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the vasculature has been postulated lead arterial dysfunction and hypertension obesity other resistant states. To investigate this, we compared vasculature, function, systemic blood pressure mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet with genetic ablation of receptors all vascular tissues ( TTr-IR −/− ) or Akt1 (Akt1−/−). HF developed obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated free fatty...
Autophagy is a catabolic process involved in maintaining energy and organelle homeostasis. The relationship between obesity the regulation of autophagy cell type specific. Despite adverse consequences on cardiac structure function, contribution altered response to fatty acid overload incompletely understood. Here, we report suppression autophagosome clearance activation NADPH oxidase (Nox)2 both high fat-fed murine hearts palmitate-treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes (CMs). Defective secondary...
Prior studies have implicated accumulation of ceramide in blood vessels as a basis for vascular dysfunction diet-induced obesity via mechanism involving type 2 protein phosphatase (PP2A) dephosphorylation endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The current study sought to elucidate the mechanisms linking with PP2A activation and determine whether pharmacological inhibition vivo normalizes obesity-associated limits severity hypertension. We show cells that associates inhibitor (I2PP2A)...
The intracellular signalling kinases Akt/protein kinase B (Akt), protein A (PKA) and adenosine monophosphate-activated (AMPK) are phosphorylated in response to increased mechanical force or perfusion rate cultured endothelial cells isolated blood vessels. All three phosphorylate nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on serine (S) 1177, while Akt PKA additionally eNOS S617 S635 respectively. Although these might contribute subsequent activation of during dynamic exercise, the specific mediators...
Abstract Impaired autophagy is known to cause mitochondrial dysfunction and heart failure, in part due altered mitophagy protein quality control. However, whether additional mechanisms are involved the development of failure setting deficient autophagic flux remains poorly explored. Here, we show that impaired reduces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) availability cardiomyocytes. NAD deficiency upon impairment attributable induction N-methyltransferase (NNMT), which methylates...
Impaired insulin-mediated glucose uptake characterizes cardiac muscle in humans and animals with insulin resistance diabetes, despite preserved or enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) the serine-threonine kinase, Akt-signaling, via mechanisms that are incompletely understood. One potential mechanism is PI3K- Akt-mediated activation of mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR) ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K), which may impair receptor substrate (IRS)1/2 inhibitory serine phosphorylation...
Myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to induce endothelial dysfunction in peripheral resistance arteries and thus increase resistance. This study was designed investigate the underlying mechanisms of post-MI-related dysfunctional dilatation and, furthermore, examine whether exercise may restore arteries. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated, MI, MI + exercise. Ultrastructure relaxation function mesenteric arteries, as well phosphatidylinositol-3...
The objectives of this study were to investigate the vasculoprotective effects glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) on ischemia/reperfusion-induced coronary endothelial functional injury and elucidate mechanism involved.Dogs subjected 50 min occlusion 4 h reperfusion. Vehicle, GIK, or GK intravenously infused 5 before reperfusion, vascular dysfunction apoptosis determined. In a separate study, cultured cells simulated ischemia/reperfusion, signaling pathway involved in insulin's anti-apoptotic...
Objectives Physical activity has been well known to benefit heart function. The improved autonomic nervous is considered be mainly responsible for this beneficial effect. However, the precise mechanism behind intrinsic myocardial responsiveness exercise still unclear. This study was designed examine effect of swim training on response insulin with a special focus endogenous endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)–nitric (NO) cascade.
Abstract Downregulation of endothelial Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) in insulin resistant states contributes to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, Sirt1 deficiency skeletal myocytes promotes resistance. Here, we show that deletion Sirt1, while impairing function, paradoxically improves muscle sensitivity. Compared wild-type mice, male mice lacking (E-Sirt1-KO) preferentially utilize glucose over fat, and have higher sensitivity, uptake, Akt signaling fast-twitch muscle. Enhanced sensitivity E-Sirt1-KO is...
Increased local temperature exerts a sympatholytic effect on human skeletal muscle feed arteries. We hypothesized that this attenuated α 1 -adrenergic receptor responsiveness may be due to temperature-induced increase in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, thereby reducing the impact of agonist phenylephrine (PE). Thirteen arteries were harvested, and wire myography was used generate PE concentration-response curves at 37°C 39°C, with without NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N G...
Previous studies reported that diets high in simple carbohydrates could increase blood pressure rodents. We hypothesized the converse, a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, might reduce pressure. Six-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; n = 54) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY; 53, normotensive control) were fed either control diet (C; 10% fat, 70% carbohydrate, 20% protein) or (HF; 60% protein). After 10 wk, SHR-HF had lower (P < 0.05) mean arterial than SHR-C (148 ± 3 vs. 159 mmHg) but similar...
Ablating insulin receptors in cardiomyocytes causes subendocardial fibrosis and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after 4 wk of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). To determine whether these maladaptive responses are precipitated by coronary vascular dysfunction, we studied mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted knock out (CIRKO) wild-type (WT) TAC before the onset overt LV dysfunction. Two weeks produced comparable increases (P < 0.05 vs. respective sham) heart weight/body weight (mg/g)...
Objectives Vascular insulin resistance plays a crucial pathogenic role in the development of genetic hypertension. However, it is not known whether hypertension-associated myocardial also exists, and this involved related diseases, such as hypertensive heart failure. The present study aimed to determine addition any underlying mechanism. Methods Ventricular myocytes were enzymatically isolated from male Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats or spontaneously (SHR) myocyte shortening intracellular Ca2+...
Directional solidification is one of the most popular techniques for massive production multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cell application due to its well-balanced high conversion efficiency and low cost. The grown crystal suffers from several types defects that significantly degrade photovoltaic performance cells, among which dislocation critical caused by thermal stress. To examine characteristics stress associated fields, therefore, it significant understanding optimization cooling...
Hepatic insulin resistance (IR) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) steatohepatitis (NASH), which is emerging as major cause failure hepatocellular carcinoma. Impaired autophagy may also contribute to hepatic resistance, but interactions between sensitivity are incompletely understood. The Unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1 (ULK1) an early stage autophagosome formation related kinase...