A5020091796- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Sports Performance and Training
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Inflammatory Myopathies and Dermatomyositis
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
McMaster University Medical Centre
2016-2025
McMaster Children's Hospital
2016-2025
McMaster University
2016-2025
Health Sciences Centre
2000-2024
Hamilton Health Sciences
2008-2024
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
2021-2024
University of Bologna
2023
Massachusetts General Hospital
2023
Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna
2023
Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics
2023
Brief, intense exercise training may induce metabolic and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training. However, no study has directly compared these diverse strategies in a standardized manner. We therefore examined changes capacity molecular cellular skeletal muscle after low volume sprint-interval (SIT) high (ET). Sixteen active men (21 +/- 1 years, ) were assigned SIT or ET group (n = 8 each) performed six sessions over 14 days. Each session consisted of either...
This study was designed to compare the acute response of mixed muscle protein synthesis (MPS) rapidly (i.e., whey hydrolysate and soy) slowly micellar casein) digested proteins both at rest after resistance exercise. Three groups healthy young men ( n = 6 per group) performed a bout unilateral leg exercise followed by consumption drink containing an equivalent content essential amino acids (10 g) as either hydrolysate, casein, or soy isolate. Mixed MPS determined primed constant infusion l-[...
Low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIT) is emerging as a time-efficient exercise strategy for improving health and fitness. This form of has not been tested in type 2 diabetes thus we examined the effects low-volume HIT on glucose regulation skeletal muscle metabolic capacity patients with diabetes. Eight (63 ± 8 yr, body mass index 32 6 kg/m(2), Hb(A1C) 6.9 0.7%) volunteered to participate this study. Participants performed six sessions (10 × 60-s cycling bouts eliciting ∼90%...
High-intensity interval training (HIT) induces skeletal muscle metabolic and performance adaptations that resemble traditional endurance despite a low total exercise volume. Most HIT studies have employed 'all out', variable-load interventions (e.g. repeated Wingate tests) may not be safe, practical and/or well tolerated by certain individuals. Our purpose was to determine the performance, molecular more model of low-volume HIT. Seven men (21 + or - 0.4 years, V(O2peak) = 46 2 ml kg(-1)...
Resistance (RE) and endurance (EE) exercise stimulate mixed skeletal muscle protein synthesis. The phenotypes induced by RE (myofibrillar accretion) EE (mitochondrial expansion) training must result from differential stimulation of myofibrillar mitochondrial We measured the synthetic rates proteins activation signalling (Akt-mTOR-p70S6K) at rest after an acute bout or in untrained state 10 weeks young healthy men. While untrained, stimulated both synthesis, 67% 69% (P < 0.02), respectively....
The effects of gender on substrate utilization during prolonged submaximal exercise were studied in six males and equally trained females. After 3 days a controlled diet (so that the proportions carbohydrate, protein, fat identical), subjects ran treadmill at velocity requiring an O2 consumption approximately 65% maximal. They total “distance” 15.5 km with range performance time 90-101 min. Plasma glycerol, glucose, free fatty acids, selected hormones (catecholamines, growth hormone,...
Feeding stimulates robust increases in muscle protein synthesis (MPS); however, ageing may alter the anabolic response to ingestion and subsequent aminoacidaemia. With this as background, we aimed determine present study dose–response of MPS with isolated whey protein, without prior resistance exercise, elderly. For purpose study, thirty-seven elderly men (age 71 ( sd 4) years) completed a bout unilateral leg-based exercise before ingesting 0, 10, 20 or 40 g isolate (W0–W40, respectively)....
The purpose of this study was to investigate the magnitude and time course for changes in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after a single bout resistance exercise. Two groups six male subjects performed heavy exercise with elbow flexors one arm while opposite served as control. MPS from exercised (ex) control (con) biceps brachii assessed 4 (group A) 24 h B) postexercise by increment L-[1–13C]leucine incorporation into biopsy samples. In addition, RNA capacity activity were determined assess...
ABSTRACT To search for novel transcriptional pathways that are activated in skeletal muscle after endurance exercise, we used cDNA microarrays to measure global mRNA expression an exhaustive bout of high‐intensity cycling (∼75 min). Healthy, young, sedentary males performed the bout, and biopsies were taken from vastus lateralis before, at 3 48 h exercise. We examined individual samples four subjects using microarrays, repeated‐measures significance analysis microarray (SAM) determine...
In small mammals, muscles with shorter twitch contraction times and a predominance of fast-twitch, type II fibers exhibit greater posttetanic force potentiation than longer slow-twitch, I fibers. humans, the correlation between fiber-type distribution has not been found consistently. present study, postactivation (PAP) was induced in knee extensors 20 young men by 10-s maximum voluntary isometric (MVC). Maximal contractions were evoked before after MVC. A negative ( r = −0.73, P < 0.001)...
Impaired mitochondrial function and structure intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation have been associated with obesity Type 2 diabetes. We examined whether endurance exercise training sex influenced IMCL morphology using electron microscopy, whole-body substrate use, enzyme activity. Untrained men (n = 5) women 7) were tested before after 7 wk of training. Testing included 90 min cycle ergometry at 60% Vo(2 peak) preexercise muscle biopsies analyzed for size/area microscopy short-chain...
American College of Sport Medicine Roundtable on the physiological and health effects oral creatine supplementation. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 706–717, 2000. Creatine (Cr) supplementation has become a common practice among professional, elite, collegiate, amateur, recreational athletes with expectation enhancing exercise performance. Research indicates that Cr can increase muscle phosphocreatine (PCr) content, but not in all individuals. A high dose 20 g·d−1 is to many...
We tested the hypothesis that increasing blood amino acid (AA) availability would counter physical inactivity-induced reduction in muscle protein synthesis. determined how 14 days of unilateral knee immobilization affected quadriceps myofibrillar synthesis (MPS) young healthy subjects (10 men, 2 women, 21 +/- 1 years; 80.2 4.0 kg, mean S.E.M.) post-absorptive state and after infusing AA (10% Primene) at low or high doses (43 261 mg kg(-1) h(-1)). Muscle cross-sectional area (MRI) peak...
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) β1 or β2 subunits are required for assembling of AMPK heterotrimers and important regulating enzyme activity cellular localization. In skeletal muscle, α2β2γ3-containing predominate. However, compensatory up-regulation redundancy in whole-body α2, β2, γ3 null mice has made it difficult to determine the physiological importance muscle metabolism, because these models have normal mitochondrial content, contraction-stimulated glucose uptake, insulin...
High-intensity interval training (HIT) increases skeletal muscle oxidative capacity similar to traditional endurance training, despite a low total exercise volume. Much of this work has focused on young active individuals, and it is unclear whether the results are applicable older less populations. In addition, many studies have used "all-out" variable-load interventions (e.g., repeated Wingate tests) that may not be practical for all individuals. We therefore examined effect more low-volume...
MicroRNAs (miRNA), small noncoding RNA molecules, may regulate protein synthesis, while resistance exercise training (RT) is an efficient strategy for stimulating muscle synthesis in vivo. However, RT increases mass, with a very wide range of effectiveness humans. We therefore determined the expression level 21 abundant miRNAs to determine whether variation these was able explain RT-induced gains mass. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained from top and bottom ∼20% responders 56 young men...
A causal role for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutagenesis in mammalian aging is supported by recent studies demonstrating that the mtDNA mutator mouse, harboring a defect proofreading-exonuclease activity of polymerase gamma, exhibits accelerated phenotypes characteristic human aging, systemic dysfunction, multisystem pathology, and reduced lifespan. Epidemiologic humans have demonstrated endurance training reduces risk chronic diseases extends life expectancy. Whether exercise can attenuate...
A low maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is a strong risk factor for premature mortality. Supervised endurance exercise training increases VO2max with very wide range of effectiveness in humans. Discovering the DNA variants that contribute to this heterogeneity typically requires substantial sample sizes. In present study, we first use RNA expression profiling produce molecular classifier predicts response. We then hypothesized genes would harbor contributed heterogeneous Two independent...