Anti-estrogens or aromatase inhibitors in combination with cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are the current standard of care for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) Her-2 negative metastatic breast cancer. Although these therapies prolong progression-free survival compared to endocrine therapy alone, growth-arrested state residual tumor cells is clearly transient. Tumor that escape what might be considered a dormant quiescent regain proliferative capacity often acquire resistance...

Estrogen receptor positive (ER + ) breast cancer is the most common diagnosed annually in US with endocrine-based therapy as standard-of-care for this subtype. Endocrine includes treatment antiestrogens, such selective estrogen modulators (SERMs), downregulators (SERDs), and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Despite appreciable remission achievable these treatments, a substantial cohort of women will experience primary tumor recurrence, subsequent metastasis, eventual death due to their disease....

Topoisomerase I inhibitors represent a widely used class of antineoplastic agents that promote both single-stranded and double-stranded breaks in the DNA tumor cells, leading to cell death. Topotecan irinotecan are clinically relevant derivatives parent drug, camptothecin. As is case with many if not most anticancer agents, topotecan autophagy. However, whether autophagy cytotoxic, cytoprotective, or non-protective clearly defined, may depend largely upon genetic background being...

Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring malignancy in women and second common cause of cancer-related deaths. ER+ breast constitutes approximately 70% all cases. The standard care for involves estrogen antagonists such as tamoxifen or fulvestrant combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors palbociclib. However, these treatments are often not curative, disease recurrence metastasis being responsible patient mortality. Overexpression epigenetic regulator, BRD4, has been shown to be a negative...

ABSTRACT Proteasome inhibitor drugs are currently used in the clinic to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. These inhibitors cause accumulation of undegraded proteins, thus inducing proteotoxic stress consequent death. However, cancer cells counteract this effect by activating an adaptive response through transcription factor Nuclear erythroid 2-related 1 (NRF1, also known as NFE2L1). NRF1 induces transcriptional upregulation proteasome autophagy/lysosomal genes, thereby...

Abstract Background: The two primary mechanisms of protein degradation in cells are the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP). In cases UPS dysfunction, compensatory autophagy is activated to alleviate proteotoxic stress. This phenomenon can influence efficacy cancer treatments. Despite significant progress understanding these systems, specific molecular pathways linking proteasome dysfunction activation remain poorly understood. DDI2 (DNA Damage Inducible 1...

Artificial intelligence (AI) platforms, such as Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT), have achieved a high degree of popularity within the scientific community due to their utility in providing evidence-based reviews literature. However, accuracy and reliability information output ability provide critical analysis literature, especially with respect highly controversial issues, has generally not been evaluated. In this work, we arranged question/answer session ChatGPT regarding...

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a generally poor prognosis due to its highly aggressive and metastatic nature, lack of targetable receptors, as well the frequent development resistance chemotherapy. We previously reported that AU1, small molecule developed an inhibitor BPTF (bromodomain PHD finger containing transcription factor), was capable sensitizing preclinical models triple chemotherapy, in part via promotion autophagy. In studies here, we identify additional...

Identifying new hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-driven signaling molecules and discovering their molecular mechanisms are crucial for efficient better outcomes. Recently, OMA1 YME1L, the inner mitochondrial proteases, were displayed to be associated with tumor progression in various cancers; however, role HCC has not yet been studied. Therefore, we evaluated possible of OMA1/YME1L staging discussed potential cellular apoptosis proliferation. Our study was performed using four groups male...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the major causes dementia and its incidence represents approximately 60–70% all cases worldwide. Many theories have been proposed to describe pathological events in AD, including deterioration cognitive function, accumulation β-amyloid, tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Infection as well various cellular molecules, such apolipoprotein, micro-RNA, calcium, ghrelin receptor, probiotics, are associated with disruption β-amyloid hemostasis. This review gives an...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a generally poor prognosis due to its highly aggressive and metastatic nature, lack of targetable receptors, as well the frequent development resistance chemotherapy. We previously reported that AU1, small molecule developed an inhibitor BPTF (bromodomain PHD finger-containing transcription factor), was capable sensitizing preclinical models TNBC chemotherapy in part via promotion autophagy. In studies here, we identify additional...