To study the role of infection in prematurity, we studied demographic and obstetrical characteristics, chorioamnionic cultures, placental histologic features women who delivered prematurely compared these findings with those at term. Microorganisms were isolated from area between chorion amnion (chorioamnion) 23 38 placentas (61 percent) preterm labor before 37 weeks' gestation 12 (21 56 without term (odds ratio, 5.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.1 to 15.6). The most frequent isolates...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, but the temporal relation between infection and neoplasia remains unclear, as does relative importance of specific type HPV, other sexually transmitted diseases, risk factors.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA amplification method is a powerful new tool for the retrospective analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue (PET). technique has afforded sensitive and specific detection nucleic acid sequences associated with genetic infectious diseases. However, PET processing conditions vary in their suitability amplification. authors have examined effects 11 fixatives at three fixation times. effect was measured by ability treated to serve as template fragments that...

ContextHuman papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing of women having Papanicolaou (Pap) smears showing atypical squamous cells undetermined significance (ASCUS) has clinical usefulness. Whether HPV alone is useful in primary screening remains to be determined.ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 or cancer (the criterion standard).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsBetween December 1997 October 2000, 4075 who attended Planned Parenthood...

Among 100 randomly selected nonmenstruating women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases, we assessed objective criteria the clinical diagnosis of mucopurulent cervicitis. Visualization yellow endocervical secretions on white swab and presence 10 or more polymorphonuclear leukocytes per microscopical field (at magnification 1000) in satisfactory gram-stained smears were independently correlated with cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Neither finding gonorrhea genital...

To study the temporal relationship between serum antibody response and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) infection, a cohort of 325 university women were scheduled for examinations at 4-month intervals. At every examination, interviews completed, cells obtained polymerase chain reaction–based testing Pap screening, was with HPV-16 capsid-capture ELISA. Seroreactivity associated detection DNA increased numbers sex partners. The median time to seroconversion 8.3 months among incident...

The current clinical strategy for diagnosing genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in women relies on findings plus the selective use of viral culture. effectiveness this approach identifying with is unknown.

To evaluate methods for detection of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in men, samples were obtained from 3 consecutive groups 10 men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic by use (1) saline-wetted Dacron swab alone, (2) cytobrush, or (3) emery paper (600A-grit Wetordry Tri-M-ite; 3M) abrasion followed swab. By polymerase chain reaction-based assay, 45% emery-paper found to be positive beta-globin, compared with 23% swab-alone and 0% cytobrush samples. Subsequently, swabs used...

In contrast to the wealth of data on human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in women, much less is known about HPV men.Between June 2003 and March 2006, a total 240 heterosexually active male university students 18-20 years age were recruited for participation cohort study infection. Genital cell samples collected, at 4-month intervals, HPV-DNA analysis by polymerase chain reaction. The subjects maintained Web-based journal sexual activity.At 24 months, cumulative incidence new infection any...

To define and quantitate histologic changes in the endometrium that best correlate with documented upper genital tract infection (UGTI) laparoscopically diagnosed acute salpingitis, we studied endometrial biopsy specimens from 69 consecutive patients clinically suspected pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) who underwent microbiological evaluation for UGTI laparoscopic examination salpingitis. Both confirmed salpingitis were present 37 (54%), without 1 (1%), 11 (16%), neither nor 20 (29%)....

Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated strong and consistent associations between the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA risk cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) cancer. However, HPV16 is also most common HPV in normal population, only a minority women with infection develop Studies genomic heterogeneity presence multiple variant forms all populations examined to date. It conceivable that natural variants given population may not same biologic behavior.This study was...

To quantify the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) acquisition associated with a first male sex partner and to identify factors, we analyzed data from women who were enrolled before or within 3 months intercourse censored at report second partner. The 1-year cumulative incidence HPV infection was 28.5% (95% confidence interval, 20.6%-38.6%) increased almost 50% by years. when sexually experienced. Our results indicate high in young have had just 1

Objective To determine the risk of developing high grade anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-AIN) in relation to HIV infection, and immunosuppression, after controlling for effects human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Design Prospective cohort study 158 HIV-seropositive, 147 HIV-seronegative homosexual men presenting a community-based clinic with initially negative cytologic, colposcopic findings. Methods Subjects completed self-administered questionnaires, underwent cytologic...

Journal Article Toward Objective Quality Assurance in Cervical Cytopathology: Correlation of Cytopathologic Diagnoses with Detection High-risk Human Papillomavirus Types Get access Mark E. Sherman, MD, MD 1From the Department Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Schiffman, MPH, MPH 2Department Epidemiology and Bioslatislics Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Attila T....

The risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease as result rape is not known, in part because it difficult to ascertain whether infections were present before the assault or acquired during it. To investigate this question, we examined female victims within 72 hours and again at least one week after assault. Of 204 girls women initially rape, 88 (43 percent) found have disease. These diseases included caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (6 percent those tested), cytomegalovirus (8 percent),...

Background: DNA methylation changes are an early event in carcinogenesis and often present the precursor lesions of various cancers. We examined whether might be used as markers cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) invasive cancer (ICC). Methods: methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to analyze promoter hypermethylation 20 genes, selected on basis their role cancer, 319 exfoliated cell samples matched tissue biopsy specimens collected during two studies Senegalese women...

Abstract Background: Although the variant lineages of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 are well established, their individual associations with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have not been extensively evaluated. Methods: Study subjects were women participating in Atypical Squamous Cells Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Intraepithelial Lesion Triage who positive for HPV16 or HPV18 at enrollment. These followed every 6 months 2 years. Viral isolates from...

Abstract We used MethyLight assays to analyze DNA methylation status of 27 genes on 49 paired cancerous and noncancerous tissue samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent surgical resection. Seven (RARB, BVES, CDKN2A, KCNH5, RASSF1, CDH13, RUNX) were found be methylated significantly more frequently in tumor tissues than tissues. Only CCND2 APC was detected both tissues, supporting the hypothesis that these two is a preneoplastic change may associated with tobacco...

In Brief Objectives: Population-level data on prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the United States are necessary to guide optimal vaccination strategies. Study: Urine specimens from 3262 women ages 18 25 National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health (Wave III) were tested typed for HPV. Poststratification sampling weights generated nationally representative estimates. Results: Overall HPV was 26.9% as high 14.3% among with 1 lifetime partner but did not vary...

Background: Analogous to the geographic distribution of variants human papillomavirus (HPV) types, and persistence these among infected individuals may be related racial composition a population living in one region. Methods: We studied 1114 women United States participating Atypical Squamous Cells Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade Intraepithelial Lesion Triage Study who were positive for HPV16 and/or HPV18 at enrollment. Race was self-reported. HPV samples characterized by sequencing E6...

Abstract Background: Characterizing short-term detection patterns of young women's incident α-genus human papillomavirus (HPV) infections may further our understanding HPV transmission. Methods: Between 2000 and 2007, we followed 18- to 22-year-old female university students with triannual DNA Papanicolaou testing. Using Kaplan–Meier methods, estimated duration detectable, type-specific infections; time redetection (among that became undetectable); cervical lesion development after...