A5027992428- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Genital Health and Disease
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Sex work and related issues
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Reproductive tract infections research
- African Studies and Ethnography
Cheikh Anta Diop University
2011-2022
Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann
2012-2022
Gilead Sciences (United States)
2020-2021
International AIDS Society
2013-2017
Gates Foundation
2016-2017
Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille
2017
Institut Pasteur de Lille
2017
Université de Lille
2017
Inserm
2017
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille
2017
Abstract Introduction : Successful population‐level antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence will be necessary to realize both the clinical and prevention benefits of scale‐up and, ultimately, end AIDS. Although many people living with HIV are adhering well, others struggle most likely experience challenges in that may threaten virologic suppression at some point during lifelong therapy. Despite importance ART adherence, supportive interventions have generally not been implemented scale. The...
To evaluate survival and investigate causes of death among HIV-1 infected adults receiving HAART in Senegal.An observational prospective cohort.Mortality was assessed the first patients enrolled between August 1998 April 2002 Senegalese antiretroviral drug access initiative. First-line regimen combined two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors either a non-nucleoside inhibitor or protease inhibitor. The most likely were ascertained through medical records post-mortem interviews (verbal...
Objective To study the feasibility, effectiveness, adherence, toxicity and viral resistance in an African government HAART initiative. Methods A prospective observational cohort started Dakar August 1998. Initial treatment consisted of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors one protease inhibitor. The patients attended monthly medical examinations. Plasma HIV-1 RNA CD4 cell counts were determined at baseline every 6 months. Intention-to-treat analyses performed. Results Fifty-eight...
HIV infection has been considered as one of the major global public health threats last century, increasing several times mortality rate in comparison to cholera epidemic that swept London nineteenth century. Unlike contamination caused by bacillus, prevention requires other interventions than basic sanitation, and antiretroviral agents currently remain touchstone transform disease from subacute into a chronic condition. The introduction highly active therapy (HAART) treatment HIV-infected...
Background: DNA methylation changes are an early event in carcinogenesis and often present the precursor lesions of various cancers. We examined whether might be used as markers cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) invasive cancer (ICC). Methods: methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to analyze promoter hypermethylation 20 genes, selected on basis their role cancer, 319 exfoliated cell samples matched tissue biopsy specimens collected during two studies Senegalese women...
To assess the risk of prevalent high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) or invasive cancer (ICC) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, HIV-2, and papillomavirus (HPV) infections, HIV load, CD4 cell count, we studied 4119 women attending an outpatient clinic in Senegal. infection was increased rates high-risk HPVs. Among infected HPVs, those HIV-1 (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–4.8), HIV-2 (OR, 6.0; CI, 2.1–17.1), dual 8.0;...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 infection is characterized by slower disease progression to acquired syndrome than results from HIV-1 infection. To better understand the biological factors underlying different natural histories of with these retroviruses, we examined relationship between HIV RNA and DNA levels rate CD4+ T cell decline among 472 HIV-1- 114 HIV-2-infected individuals Senegal. The annual in HIV-2 cohort was approximately one-fourth that seen cohort. However, when...
Baculovirus vectors are able to transduce a large variety of mammalian cell types and express transgenes placed under the control heterologous promoters. In this study, we evaluated potential baculovirus for malaria vaccination. To induce efficient CD4(+) CD8(+) T-cell responses, produced series that display Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (CS) protein in virion envelope and/or allow CS expression upon transduction cells. We found can professional antigen-presenting cells trigger...
<b>Objectives:</b> To assess HIV prevalence and risk factors for infection, to investigate condom use among registered female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Senegal, West Africa, examine the association between previous testing, knowledge of serostatus with both regular partners clients within this population. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted at three sexually transmitted disease clinics 1052 Senegalese CSWs 2000 2004. Inperson interviews soliciting information...
Background To date little has been published about epidemiology and public health capacity (training, research, funding, human resources) in WHO/AFRO to help guide future planning by various stakeholders. Methods A bibliometric analysis was performed identify epidemiological research. Information training, current research challenges collected from key informants using a standardized questionnaire. Results From 1991 2010, output the region increased 172 1086 peer-reviewed articles per annum...
Food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa and malnutrition constitute the main obstacles for successful treatment of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). The aim this study was to assess effect consuming daily 100 g RUTF (ready-to-use therapeutic food) as supplement, on body composition, anemia zinc status hospitalized PLWH Senegal. A Controlled clinical trial conducted 65 randomly allocated receive either standard hospital diet alone (Control group: n = 33), or supplemented RUTF/day (RUTF 32)....
We aimed to describe the morbidity and mortality patterns in HIV-positive adults hospitalized West Africa.We conducted a six-month prospective multicentre survey within IeDEA Africa collaboration six adult medical wards of teaching hospitals Abidjan, Ouagadougou, Cotonou, Dakar Bamako. From April October 2010, all newly patients were eligible. Baseline follow-up information until hospital discharge was recorded using standardized forms. Diagnoses reviewed by local event validation committee...
Background: Women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and -2 may be at higher risk of developing cervical cancer than uninfected women. We assessed the relationships among papillomavirus (HPV) types persistence, HIV-1 and/or HIV-2 infection, development high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) in a prospective study. Methods: studied 627 women without infection high-risk HPV Senegal, West Africa, who were every 4 months for HSIL DNA over mean follow-up 2.2...
Previous studies among women worldwide have demonstrated that infection with specific types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is central to the pathogenesis cervical neoplasia. There little data, however, concerning prevalence HPV and association each type neoplasia in sub-Saharan Africa, who remain at very high risk cancer. We studied 2,065 consecutive patients aged 35 years or older, presenting community health clinics Dakar Pikine, West had not been screened previously for cytologic...
Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated the development and progression of HPV-related disease, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) invasive cancer.We examined impact immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status type on clearance HPV among 614 Senegalese women enrolled in a longitudinal study CIN. Women were every 4 months for DNA. Clearance was defined as 2 consecutive negative DNA test results.Cox proportional hazard regression time-dependent covariates...
Abstract Accumulating data indicate that tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Treg) are present in human tumors and locally suppress antitumor immune cells. In this study, we found an increased Treg/CD8 ratio breast cervical cancers. A similar intratumoral lymphocyte pattern was observed a mouse model for cancer (TC-1 cells). model, systemic Treg depletion inefficient controlling tumor growth. Furthermore, CTL-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) blockade, approach can induce immunity other...
BackgroundDetection and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in HIV infected individuals is strongly recommended to decrease morbidity mortality countries with high levels HIV.ObjectiveTo assess the validity a newly developed in-house ELISPOT interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) for detection LTBI amongst individuals, comparison Tuberculin Skin Test (TST).Methodology/Principal FindingsESAT6/CFP10 (EC) assays were performed, together TST, 285 recruited clinics Dakar, Senegal, who had no signs...
HIV-2 is endemic in West Africa, but, unlike HIV-1, has had limited spread to other locales [1]. HIV-1 emerged Africa more recently and because cocirculate this region, some individuals become dually infected with both viruses [2,3]. Compared infection, infection characterized by a much longer asymptomatic stage, lower plasma viral loads, slower decline CD4 cell count, decreased mortality rate due AIDS, rates of mother-to-child transmission, genital tract shedding, sexual transmission...
Background. The efficacy of various antiretroviral (ARV) therapy regimens for human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection remains unclear. HIV-2 is intrinsically resistant to the nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors and enfuvirtide may also be less susceptible than HIV-1 some protease (PIs). However, mutations in that confer ARV resistance are not well characterized. Methods. Twenty-three patients were studied as part an ongoing prospective longitudinal cohort study...
Background. Cervical cancer is a major public health problem for women in sub-Saharan Africa. Availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine could have an important impact. Methods. In this phase IIIb, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial (NCT00481767), healthy African girls and young seronegative immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were stratified by age (10–14 or 15–25 years) randomized (2:1) to receive either HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted (n = 450) placebo 226) at 0,...
Abstract Background: There is evidence of an interaction between HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV) resulting in increased HPV-associated morbidity cancer mortality among HIV-positive women. This study aims to determine how the natural history cervical HPV infection differs by status. Methods: A total 1,320 women (47% were positive for HIV-1 and/or HIV-2) followed average two years Senegal, West Africa 1994 2010. Cytology (with a sub-sample histology) DNA testing performed at approximately...
To study the effectiveness, adherence and tolerance of a once-a-day highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen in adults Senegal.In prospective, open-label one-arm study, 40 treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients took following three drugs once day at bedtime: didanosine, lamivudine efavirenz. The primary endpoint was percentage with plasma HIV-1 RNA below 500 copies/ml 6 months. analysis done on an intent-to treat basis.Eighty-five per cent were Centers for Disease Control Prevention...
HIV-2 infection, in comparison with HIV-1, is characterized by lower plasma viral loads, slower CD4 cell count decline, decreased AIDS-related mortality, and rates of mother-to-child sexual transmission. To gain further insight into why HIV-1 more readily transmitted as compared HIV-2, we analyzed semen HIV RNA levels HIV-2-positive men from Senegal.Twenty-two 10 HIV-2-infected subjects the University Dakar donated blood samples for this analysis. loads were quantified using type-specific...