A5033948607- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Trace Elements in Health
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
National Institutes of Health
2015-2025
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2015-2025
University of the Sciences
2021
Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako
2021
Public Health Agency of Canada
2021
Office of Extramural Research
2020-2021
State Key Laboratory of Virology
2020
Global Viral
2007
Scripps Research Institute
2005-2006
University of California, San Diego
2005-2006
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 20191,2 and is responsible for the disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic3. Vaccines are an essential countermeasure urgently needed to control pandemic4. Here we show that adenovirus-vector-based vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which encodes spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, immunogenic mice elicites a robust humoral cell-mediated response. This response was predominantly mediated by type-1 T helper cells, as demonstrated...
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a novel (named SARS-CoV-2) and has case fatality rate approximately 2%, started in Wuhan (China) December 20191,2. Following an unprecedented global spread3, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 pandemic on 11 March 2020. Although data humans are emerging at steady pace, some aspects pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2 can be studied detail only animal models, repeated sampling tissue collection possible. Here we show that...
In prion and Alzheimer's diseases, the roles played by amyloid versus nonamyloid deposits in brain damage remain unresolved. scrapie-infected transgenic mice expressing protein (PrP) lacking glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor, abnormal protease-resistant PrPres was deposited as plaques, rather than usual form of PrPres. Although plaques induced reminiscent disease, clinical manifestations were minimal. contrast, combined expression anchorless wild-type PrP produced...
A major problem for the effective diagnosis and management of prion diseases is lack rapid high-throughput assays to measure low levels prions. Such measurements have typically required prolonged bioassays in animals. Highly sensitive, but generally non-quantitative, detection methods been developed based on prions' ability seed conversion normally soluble protease-sensitive forms protein protease-resistant and/or amyloid fibrillar forms. Here we describe an approach estimating relative...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 1,2 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic 3 . Vaccines are an essential countermeasure urgently needed to control 4 Here, we show that adenovirus-vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, immunogenic mice, eliciting a robust humoral cell-mediated response. This response was not Th2 dominated, as demonstrated by IgG subclass cytokine expression profiling. A single...
A consensus MERS spike protein synthetic DNA vaccine can induce protective responses against viral challenge.
Following emergence in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became pandemic and is presently responsible for millions of infections hundreds thousands deaths worldwide. There currently no approved vaccine to halt the spread only very few treatment options are available manage COVID-19 patients. For development preclinical countermeasures, reliable well-characterized small animal disease models will be paramount importance. Here we show that intranasal inoculation into Syrian hamsters consistently...
Single-cell RNA sequencing of lungs SARS-CoV-2–infected African green monkeys reveals virus replication and host response dynamics in vivo.
The COVID-19 pandemic progresses unabated in many regions of the world. An effective antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 that could be administered orally for use following high-risk exposure would substantial benefit controlling pandemic. Herein, we show MK-4482, an nucleoside analog, inhibits replication Syrian hamster model. inhibitory effect MK-4482 on is observed animals when drug either beginning 12 h before or infection a These data support potential utility to control humans as well...
Effective therapeutics to treat COVID-19 are urgently needed. Remdesivir is a nucleotide prodrug with in vitro and vivo efficacy against coronaviruses. Here, we tested the of remdesivir treatment rhesus macaque model SARS-CoV-2 infection.To evaluate effect on disease outcome, used recently established infection that results transient lower respiratory tract disease. Two groups six macaques were infected treated intravenous or an equal volume vehicle solution once daily. Clinical, virological...
The deployment of a vaccine that limits transmission and disease likely will be required to end the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We recently described protective activity an intranasally administered chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored encoding pre-fusion stabilized spike (S) protein (ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S [chimpanzee adenovirus-severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2-S]) in upper lower tracts mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Here, we show...
Abstract The ongoing circulation of influenza A H5N1 in the United States has raised concerns a pandemic caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza. Although stockpiled and is prepared to produce millions vaccine doses address an pandemic, currently circulating viruses contain multiple mutations within immunodominant head domain hemagglutinin (HA) compared antigens used vaccines. It unclear if these vaccines will need be updated match contemporary strains. Here we show that replicating RNA...
Abstract Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, or prion disease, that affects deer, elk, and moose. Human susceptibility to CWD remains unproven despite likely exposure CWD-infected cervids. We used 2 nonhuman primate species, cynomolgus macaques squirrel monkeys, as human models for susceptibility. was inoculated into these species by intracerebral oral routes. After inoculation of 7 8 isolates induced clinical syndrome within 33–53 months. The monkeys'...
An outbreak of a novel coronavirus, now named SARS-CoV-2, causing respiratory disease and ~2% case fatality rate started in Wuhan, China December 2019. Following unprecedented rapid global spread, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. Although data humans are emerging at steady pace, certain aspects pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2 can only be studied detail animal models, where repeated sampling tissue collection is possible. Here, we show that causes infected...
Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative of humans and animals characterized by gray matter spongiosis accumulation aggregated, misfolded, protease-resistant prion protein (PrPres). PrPres can be deposited in brain an amyloid-form and/or non-amyloid form, is derived from host-encoded protease-sensitive PrP (PrPsen), a normally anchored to the plasma membrane glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). Previously, using heterozygous transgenic mice expressing only anchorless PrP, we found that...
Developing a vaccine to protect against the lethal effects of many strains coronavirus is critical given current global pandemic. For Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), we show that rhesus macaques seroconverted rapidly after single intramuscular vaccination with ChAdOx1 MERS. The protected injury and pneumonia reduced viral load in lung tissue by several orders magnitude. MERS-CoV replication type I II pneumocytes MERS-vaccinated animals was absent. A prime-boost regimen MERS...
BackgroundCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is the cause of a severe with cases reported throughout wide-geographic region. Spread by bite infected ticks, contact livestock or in health care setting, disease begins as non-specific febrile illness that can rapidly progress to manifestations. Currently, there are no approved vaccines and antivirals such ribavirin have unclear efficacy. Thus treatment mostly limited supportive care.MethodsIn this report we evaluated an alphavirus-based...
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, five different variants concern (VOCs) have been identified: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Because confounding factors in human population, such as preexisting immunity, comparing severity disease caused by VOCs is challenging. Here, we investigate progression rhesus macaque model upon inoculation with Omicron BA.1, BA.2 VOCs. Disease macaques inoculated BA.1 or was lower than those Delta resulted significantly viral loads nasal swabs, bronchial...
Abstract Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne febrile illness with wide geographic distribution. In recent years the range of virus (CCHFV) and its tick vector have increased, placing an increasing number people at risk CCHFV infection. Currently, there are no widely available vaccines, although World Health Organization recommends ribavirin for treatment, efficacy unclear. Here we evaluate promising replicating RNA vaccine in rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta) model CCHF....